Question

【題目】 Pinocchio may be just a children's fairy tale, but Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated the so-called 'Pinocchio effect' and found that our noses don't grow when we tell a lie, but actually shrink a bit.

Dr. Emilio Gómez Milán and his team developed a lie detector test that used thermography to tell if people were lying, and found that whenever participants in their research were being untruthful, the temperature of the tips of their noses dropped up to 1.2℃, while the temperature of their forehead increased up to 1.5℃. Scientists also found that drop in temperature at nose level actually caused it to slightly shrink, although the difference is undetected by the human eye.

'One has to think in order to lie, which rises the temperature of the forehead, ' Dr. Gomez Milan explained the findings. 'At the same time we feel anxious, which lowers the temperature of the nose. '

For this study, researchers asked a number of 60 students to perform various tasks while being scanned by thermal imaging technology. One of these tasks involved calling a 3 to 4 minutes call to their parents, partner or a friend and telling a significant lie. Participants had to devise the lie by themselves during the call, and the thermal cameras picked up this 'reverse Pinocchio effect' caused by the fluctuation (起伏) in temperature in the nose and forehead.

Interestingly, the thermal lie doctor picked up the temperature difference in 80 percent of test subjects, which is a better rate of success than that of any modern lie doctor.

'With this method we have achieved to increase accuracy and reduce the occurrence of 'false positives', something that is frequently with other methods such as the polygraph (測(cè)謊儀) , ' said Dr. Emilio Gómez Milán, who added that law enforcement interviewers could one day combine other lie detection technology with thermal imaging to achieve better results.

The thermal lie doctor has been the most reliable in the world, 10% more than the popular polygraph.

【1】Why does the author mention 'Pinocchio' at the beginning?

A.To tell a fairy storyB.To warn us not to lie.

C.To introduce a research.D.To inspire us to doubt old beliefs.

【2】According to the research, what might happen if you tell a lie?

A.Your nose gets longer.

B.Your nose becomes smaller.

C.Your temperature gets higher.

D.Your temperature remains stable.

【3】What can we learn about the research?

A.Researchers conduct the study by interviewing.

B.Researchers design difference lies for participants.

C.The thermal lie detector will prove a popular one.

D.The thermal lie doctor may assist law enforcement.

【4】Which might be the best title for the passage?

A.Will lie detectors tell the truth?

B.Will lying make your nose longer?

C.Will lying make your temperature rise?

D.Will thermal imaging technology be reliable?

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】D

【4】B

【解析】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。匹諾曹一說(shuō)謊鼻子就變長(zhǎng)? 文章由匹諾曹為切入點(diǎn)，介紹了一個(gè)研究，該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人在撒謊時(shí)鼻尖溫度會(huì)降低，這會(huì)導(dǎo)致鼻子稍微變小。這就是“匹諾曹效應(yīng)”。

【1】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Pinocchio may be just a children's fairy tale, but Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated the so-called 'Pinocchio effect' and found that our noses don't grow when we tell a lie, but actually shrink a bit.(匹諾曹可能知識(shí)一個(gè)孩子們的童話故事，但是西班牙Granada大學(xué)的科學(xué)家最近進(jìn)行了一個(gè)名叫“匹諾曹”相應(yīng)的研究，并且發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們?nèi)鲋e時(shí)鼻子不會(huì)長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)，而事實(shí)上會(huì)稍微縮小)以及下文內(nèi)容可推測(cè)，第一段提到匹諾曹是為了引出一個(gè)關(guān)于人們說(shuō)謊時(shí)鼻子會(huì)稍微縮小的研究。C. To introduce a research.(為了引出一個(gè)研究)符合以上推測(cè)，故選C項(xiàng)。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的found that whenever participants in their research were being untruthful, the temperature of the tips of their noses dropped up to 1.2℃, …Scientists also found that drop in temperature at nose level actually caused it to slightly shrink(發(fā)現(xiàn)參與者無(wú)論什么時(shí)候說(shuō)謊，他們鼻尖的溫度會(huì)下降多達(dá)1.2℃……科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)鼻尖溫度的下降實(shí)際上會(huì)讓鼻子稍微縮小)可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)說(shuō)謊時(shí)鼻子會(huì)稍微縮小。B. Your nose becomes smaller.(鼻子會(huì)變得更小)符合以上說(shuō)法，故選B項(xiàng)。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段'With this method we have achieved to increase accuracy and reduce the occurrence of 'false positives', something that is frequently with other methods such as the polygraph (測(cè)謊儀) , ' said Dr. Emilio Gómez Milán, who added that law enforcement interviewers could one day combine other lie detection technology with thermal imaging to achieve better results.(“埃米利奧·戈麥斯·米蘭博士說(shuō)：“用這種方法我們提高了測(cè)謊準(zhǔn)確率，降低了誤報(bào)的發(fā)生率，而用測(cè)謊器等方法經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)誤報(bào)�！彼�還說(shuō)，執(zhí)法部門負(fù)責(zé)審訊的官員有一天將能把熱成像技術(shù)和其他測(cè)謊技術(shù)結(jié)合起來(lái)以達(dá)到更準(zhǔn)確的結(jié)果。)可知，熱感測(cè)謊醫(yī)生在將來(lái)可能會(huì)幫助到執(zhí)法部門。D. The thermal lie doctor may assist law enforcement.(熱感測(cè)謊醫(yī)生可能會(huì)幫助到執(zhí)法部門)符合以上說(shuō)法，故選D項(xiàng)。

【4】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其是第一段的Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated the so-called 'Pinocchio effect' and found that our noses don't grow when we tell a lie, but actually shrink a bit.可知，匹諾曹一說(shuō)謊鼻子就變長(zhǎng)? 文章由匹諾曹為切入點(diǎn)，介紹了一個(gè)研究，該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人在撒謊時(shí)鼻尖溫度會(huì)降低，這會(huì)導(dǎo)致鼻子稍微變小。這就是“匹諾曹效應(yīng)”。B. Will lying make your nose longer?(撒謊會(huì)讓你的鼻子變長(zhǎng)嗎？)可以作為本文標(biāo)題故選B項(xiàng)。