Question

15．It is reported that many middle school students are just not getting enough sleep，especially during the school week．The problem seems to get（41）worse（bad） as they get older．Year 7 students sleep 8.4 hours in a school night，and Year 9 students only 6.9 hours．
    It's also reported that not getting enough sleep can cause （42）problems（ （problem） in a student's life．Many students fall （43）asleep（sleep） in school or while doing their homework，so it is not（44）surprising（surprise） that they get lower grades than those who get enough sleep．Scientists suggest nine hours a night for middle school students．Of the students who feel（45）unhappy（happy） and nervous，73% don't get enough sleep at night．
     Why aren't students getting enough sleep？Many students have one of the（46）following（follow） things，like telephone，television，or computer in their bedrooms．
（47）Using（use） them on a school night not only takes their time away from homework，but also makes （48）itdifficult for them to sleep．As a result，many students can't sleep before 11 p．m，yet they must get up early（49）to go（go） to school．
    Scientists also suggest students should not do exciting activities for an hour（50）beforebedtime．

Answer 1

分析 很多孩子睡眠不足，而且隨著年齡增大問題看起來更嚴(yán)重．他們會在課堂上睡著了，所以他們比那些睡眠充足的孩子得分低是不令人吃驚的．為什么存在這個問題呢？主要是電視，電腦，電話的問題．在學(xué)習(xí)的時間的夜晚玩手機(jī)不僅會占用寫作業(yè)的時間，而且使他們很難入睡，但是第二天他們還需要早起去上學(xué)．所以科學(xué)家建議孩子在睡前一小時不要坐興奮的事．

解答 41．worse．考查比較級．根據(jù)as they get older可知隨著年齡增大問題看起來更嚴(yán)重．所以用bad的比較級worse．
42．problems．考查名詞．problem是可數(shù)名詞，本句里problem前面沒有表示數(shù)量的詞，而且問題肯定不是一個，所以用復(fù)數(shù)．problems．
43．a(chǎn)sleep．考查派生詞．固定短語fall asleep表示入睡，asleep是形容詞．
44．surprising．考查派生詞．根據(jù)上文可知that they get lower grades than those who get enough sleep（他們會比那些睡眠充足的孩子得分低）是不令人吃驚的，所以用surprising，表示"令人吃驚的"．
45．unhappy．考查派生詞．和nervous并列，表示負(fù)面情緒用unhappy．表示"不高興"．
46．following．考查派生詞．following是形容詞，修飾名詞things表示"下面的事"．
47．Using．考查非謂語動詞．Use them on a school night 在句子里做主語，所以用doing．．表示"在學(xué)習(xí)的時間的夜晚玩手機(jī)不僅會占用寫作業(yè)的時間，而且使他們很難入睡．"
48．it．考查代詞．根據(jù)makes和difficult for them to sleep可知用it做形式賓語，代指to sleep，表示"使他們很難入睡"．
49．to go．考查非謂語動詞．做get up early的目的狀語用動詞不定式to go，表示"早起去上學(xué)"．
50．before．考查前后的邏輯關(guān)系．根據(jù)常識可知應(yīng)該在睡前避免做令人興奮的事，所以用．before．

點(diǎn)評 考查語法填空．
it可以做形式主語和賓語．
1．it用作形式主語
當(dāng)不定式、動名詞、從句等用作主語時，為避免頭重腳輕，通常在句首使用形式主語it，而把真正的主語放在句子末尾．如：It's a pity to refuse．拒絕是令人遺憾的．
 2．it用作形式賓語
當(dāng)不定式、動名詞、從句等用作賓語且其后跟有賓語補(bǔ)足語時，就應(yīng)在賓語補(bǔ)足語前使用形式賓語，而將真正的賓語移至句末．如：I find it easy to get on with her．我發(fā)現(xiàn)她很容易相處．