4.Tu Youyou,born in December,1930,is a Chinese scientist and educator.She is best known for discovering artemisinin(青蒿素) used to treat malaria (瘧疾),which has saved millions of lives.For her work,Tu received the 2015 Nobel Prize in Medicine.
Scientists worldwide had tried over 240,000 medicines to treat malaria without success.In 1969,Tu Youyou,then 39 years old,decided to turn to traditional Chinese herbs(草藥) for possible solutions.She looked into the Chinese medical classics in history,visiting traditional Chinese doctors all over the country on her own.She gathered her findings in a notebook,in which she recorded 640 methods of treating malaria.She and her team also experimented with over 2,000 traditional Chinese herbs.
During this time,her husband was forced to work in the countryside,and their young daughter had to take care of herself in Beijing.
Years of research all came down to one type of herb named qinghao.The animal tests showed it was completely effective in mice and monkeys.So Tu volunteered to be the first human subject."As head of this research group,I had the responsibility",she said.It was safe with her,so she continued to try it out with more human patients.
In 2007,her office was in an old apartment building in Beijing.Before 2011,Tu Youyou had been described as"almost completely forgotten by people".Yet in 2015,the Nobel Prize committee said her discoveries had given the world powerful new ways to fight a powerful disease which affected hundreds of millions of people every year.In terms of improving human health and reducing suffering,Mrs.Tu's contribution is beyond words.
43.How did Tu Youyou find qinghao as a treatment?B
A.By testing it on children.
B.By researching for years.
C.By reading foreign books.
C.By asking malaria patients.
44.What does the underlined word"effective"mean in Paragraph 4?A
A.Successful.
B.Useless.
C.Unclear.
D.Normal.
45.What can we infer from the last paragraph about Mrs.Tu?C
A.She couldn't afford an apartment in Beijing.
B.She didn't want her findings to be known.
C.She didn't care much for fame while researching.
D.She wasn't able to describe her findings clearly.
分析 本文主要講述了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者屠呦呦的故事.
解答 43.B 細(xì)節(jié)題.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞 qinghao 定位到文章第四段首句 Years of research all came down to one type of herb named qinghao.?dāng)?shù)年來的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種名為青蒿的藥草."Years of research"與"researching for years"形成同義替換.
44.A 猜詞題.根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容The animal tests showed it was completely effective in mice and monkeys.動(dòng)物研究表明這個(gè)藥物在猴子和老鼠身上有效.所以屠自愿成為第一個(gè)人類受試者.根據(jù)前后句因果關(guān)系可猜出詞義.
45.C 推斷題.由原文中的 Before 2011,Tu Youyou had been described as"almost completely forgotten by people"在2011年以前,人們幾乎忘記了屠呦呦,說明她沒有刻意的宣傳自己,可推測(cè)出屠呦呦不在乎名利.
點(diǎn)評(píng) 本文是一個(gè)人物故事類閱讀,題目涉及多道細(xì)節(jié)理解題,做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案.推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案,切忌胡亂猜測(cè),一定要做到有理有據(jù).