6.In a research on the effect of the transport sector(運(yùn)輸領(lǐng)域)on climate,it proves that road traffic contributes the most to global warming.The aviation(航天)sector has the second largest warming effect while shipping has a cooling effect on the Earth's Climate.
The study concludes that since pre-industrial times,15%of CO₂emissions(排放量) made by humans have come from the transport sector.The study implies that more attention needs to be paid to the fast growing road sector.Looking only at CO₂emissions,road traffic alone has led to two-thirds of the warming caused by total transport emissions.The reason why road transport tops the list is mainly due to the large number of vehicles on the roads and the smaller cooling effect from their emissions.The researchers said that the road emissions of today will make Up three quarters of the warming caused by transport over the next hundred years.
Following road transport,aviation is the second largest transport contributor to global warming.However,the historical contribution from aviation emissions to global warming is more than doubled the contribution from road emissions.In fact,over the next 100years,today's road emissions will have a climate effect that is four times higher than the climate effect from today's aviation emissions.
For shipping,the picture is more complicated.Until now,shipping has had a cooling effect on climate.This is because shipping produces a large amount of S02,which has a cooling effect.However,although the gas,until now,has given the shipping industry a cooling effect,this effect will disappear after a while,as the gas doesn't last long in the atmosphere.The long-lived CO₂will dominate(占優(yōu)勢),giving shipping a warming effect in the long run.
In general,the transport sector's contribution to global warming will be continuously high in the future.
53.What can we learn about road traffic?D
A.It has the second largest warming effect on climate.
B.It produces l5%of all CO₂into the air every year.
C.It created more CO₂emissions than aviation in history.
D.Its CO₂emissions will probably increase in future.
54.Shipping has a cooling effect becauseC.
A.shipping conditions have been improved
B.the amount of ships at sea is small
C.it produces a gas which has a cooling effect
D.the gas it produces can absorb CO₂
55.The underlined phrase in paragraph 4probably means"A".
A.a(chǎn)fter a long time B.in a tiring race
C.a(chǎn)ll the time D.during a long voyage
56.The passage mainly talks aboutB.
A.the effect of CO₂0n global climate
B.the effect from traffic on global warming
C.how to choose a green way to travel
D.why transport produces so much CO₂
分析 本文是一篇健康環(huán)保類的調(diào)查報告;報告調(diào)查了運(yùn)輸領(lǐng)域?qū)μ鞖獾挠绊懀旱缆方煌▽θ蜃兣挠绊懯亲畲蟮模趸嫉呐欧帕空紦?jù)了運(yùn)輸領(lǐng)域的2/3,在隨后的一百多年這個數(shù)據(jù)會上漲到3/4;航空排列第二;船泊運(yùn)輸情形比較復(fù)雜,因為它產(chǎn)生的二氧化硫能夠降溫,但是這種降溫的效果很快就會消失,船運(yùn)最終也會對大氣產(chǎn)生增溫的作用;
解答 53.D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段中的第三句"road traffic alone has led to two-thirds of the warming caused by total transport emissions由運(yùn)輸行業(yè)導(dǎo)致的變暖,單獨(dú)道路交通就起了2/3的作用"和最后一句中的"the road emissions of today will make up three quarters of the warming caused by transport over the next hundred years在隨后的一百年中道路交通排放的二氧化碳會占據(jù)3/4"可知道路交通釋放出的二氧化碳在將來很可能繼續(xù)增加.
54.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第三句中"This is because shipping produces a large amount of S02,which has a cooling effect.這是因為船泊運(yùn)輸產(chǎn)生大量的二氧化硫,有冷卻作用"可知船運(yùn)釋放出的二氧化硫氣體具有冷卻作用.
55.A.猜測詞義題.結(jié)合畫線部分上一句后半部分中"this effect will disappear after a while,as the gas doesn't last long in the atmosphere.這種(冷卻)作用一會兒就消失了,因為這種氣體在大氣中不能持久"以及畫線部分所在句的內(nèi)容可推知"從長期來看"占優(yōu)勢的二氧化碳將使得船運(yùn)產(chǎn)生加溫影響.
56.B.主旨大意題.本文是一篇研究報道,第一段是文章的中心段,根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容再結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知文章主要討論的是交通對全球變暖的影響.
點評 調(diào)查報告或者研究報告類的閱讀理解目的在于與讀者分享新的發(fā)現(xiàn),第一段往往是主題段,而文章的結(jié)尾處往往有論點或發(fā)現(xiàn)的概括,或研究的弊端、或研究的后續(xù)方向,所以讀這類文章的時候要特別關(guān)注首段和尾段.解題的過程中強(qiáng)調(diào)整體把握的基礎(chǔ)上依據(jù)原文細(xì)節(jié)推敲推斷.