Question

【題目】 Some pigs tend to be optimistic while others are pessimistic, according to a new research that is meaningful to animal welfare. The study, published in the journal Biology Letters, is the first to show that mood and personality interact in an animal, influencing judgment.

Asher, a researcher at the University of Newcastle's Institute of Neuroscience, and her team housed groups of pigs in two types of environment. One reflected standard commercial conditions and the other was cushier with more space and plenty of soft, deep straw. After the pigs got accustomed to these new homes over a few weeks, the researchers picked 18 pigs from each type to train and test their judgment.

“To do this, we trained each pig. In one corner of a training room there would be a bowl with chocolate sweets — pigs love them — and at the opposite side of the room there would be a bowl containing coffee beans, which pigs find bittertasting,” a researcher said.

Over a number of training trials, pigs learned to go to the bowl reliably when it was in the corner where they had figured out to expect chocolate sweets. On the contrary, they quickly learned to avoid the bowl when it was in the corner where they would expect to find the coffee beans.

The researchers next placed an unfamiliar bowl in different locations, to see how the pigs would react. Some gaily dashed to the bowl no matter what was inside, showing optimism that it would contain their favorite sweets. Others, however, behaved as though they expected it to contain coffee beans, displaying pessimism.

The findings suggest that a onesizefitsall answer to animal welfare issues does not exist. Even if pigs are just equal to bacon or other meat for some people, there is still cause for concern. Studies have suggested that how an animal is treated during its lifetime can directly affect meat quality and taste.

【1】What was the study trying to figure out?

A.How to make pigs happier.

B.The similarities between humans and pigs.

C.How living environment affected pigs' mood.

D.How pigs' mood and personality affected their judgment.

【2】What does the underlined word “cushier” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A.Simple.B.More comfortable.

C.Unpractical.D.Less free.

【3】What do the findings of the new research imply?

A.People should treat pigs equally.

B.People's health relies on meat quality.

C.People should meet pigs' various needs.

D.People's attitude toward pigs is totally wrong.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】B

【3】C

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章講述了，根據(jù)一項(xiàng)對動(dòng)物福利有意義的新研究，一些豬傾向于樂觀，而另一些則悲觀，動(dòng)物的情緒和個(gè)性相互作用，影響著判斷。

【1】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“The study, published in the journal Biology Letters, is the first to show that mood and personality interact in an animal, influencing judgment.”（這項(xiàng)研究，發(fā)表在《生物學(xué)快報(bào)》雜志上，首次表明：動(dòng)物的情緒和個(gè)性相互作用，影響著判斷。），可知研究的目的為了弄明白豬的情緒與判斷的關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)。

【2】

詞義猜測題。由第二段中的“One reflected standard commercial conditions and the other was cushier with more space and plenty of soft, deep straw.”（一個(gè)反映了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的商業(yè)條件，另一個(gè)更舒適，空間更大，有大量柔軟、深的稻草。）可知另一種環(huán)境空間大且舒適，cushier在此意為“更舒服”。故選B項(xiàng)。

【3】

推理判斷題。由最后一段“The findings suggest that a onesizefitsall answer to animal welfare issues does not exist. Even if pigs are just equal to bacon or other meat for some people, there is still cause for concern. Studies have suggested that how an animal is treated during its lifetime can directly affect meat quality and taste.”（研究結(jié)果表明，動(dòng)物福利問題不存在一刀切的答案。即使對某些人來說，豬只相當(dāng)于熏肉或其他肉類，但仍有理由令人擔(dān)憂。研究表明，一只動(dòng)物在其一生中受到怎樣的對待會(huì)直接影響到肉的質(zhì)量和味道。）可推斷出人們應(yīng)該滿足豬的各種需要，以保證豬肉的品質(zhì)。故選C項(xiàng)。