9.Over the last 70 years.researchers have been studying happy and Unhappy people and finally found out ten factors that make a difference.Our feelings of well-being at any moment are determined to a certain degree by genes.However of all the factors,wealth and age are the top two.
Money can buy a degree of happiness.But once you can afford to feed,clothe and house yourself,each extra dollar makes less and less difference.
Researchers find that,on average,wealthier people are happier.But the link between money and happiness is complex.In the past half-century,average income has sharply increased in developed countries,yet happiness levels have remained almost the same.Once your basic needs are met,money only seems to increase happiness if you have more than your friends,neighbors and colleagues.
"Dollars buy Status(社會(huì)地位),and status makes people feel better,"conclude some experts,which helps explain why people who can seek status in other ways-scientists or actors,for example-may happily accept relatively poorly-paid jobs.
In a research,Professor Alex Michalos found that the people whose desires-not just for money,but for friends,family,job,health-rose furthest beyond what they already had,tended to be less happy than those who felt a smaller gap(差距).Indeed,the size of the gap predicted happiness about five times better than income alone."The gap measures just blow away the only measures of income,"says Michalos.
Another factor that has to do with happiness is age.Old age may not be so bad."Given all the problems of aging,how could the elderly be more satisfied?"asks Professor Laura Carstensen.
Why are old people happier?Some scientists suggest older people may expect life to be harder and learn to live with it,or they're more realistic about their goals,only setting ones that they know they can achieve.But Carstensen thinks that with time running out,older people have learned to focus on things that make them happy and let go of those that don't.
"People realize not only what they have,but also that what they have cannot-last forever,"she says."A goodbye kiss to a husband or wife at the age of 85,for example,may bring far more complex emotional responses than a similar kiss to a boy or girl friend at the age of 20."

12.According to the passage,the feeling of happinessD.
A.has little to do with wealth
B.increases gradually with age
C.is measured by desires
D.is determined partly by genes
13.Some actors would like to accept poorly-paid jobs because the jobsC.
A.make them feel much better
B.provide chances to make friends
C.improve their social position
D.satisfy their professional interests
14.Aged people are more likely to feel happy because they are moreB.
A.optimistic      B.practical      C.successful     D.emotional
15.Professor Alex Michalos found that people feel less happy ifA.
A.the gap between reality and desire is bigger
B.they have a stronger desire for friendship
C.their income is below their expectation
D.the hope for good health is greater.

分析 文章講述了幸福感與基因有關(guān),但是更重要的是財(cái)富和年齡大小是決定人們對(duì)幸福不同看法的最重要的兩個(gè)因素.

解答 12-15DCBA
12 D 細(xì)節(jié)題.根據(jù)第一段"Our feelings of well-being at any moment are determined to a certain degree by genes."可以推斷出幸福感在一定程度上由基因決定.故選D.
13 C 推斷題.根據(jù)第四段"‘Dollars buy status,and status makes people feel better'…which helps explain why people who can seek status in other way-scientists or actors,for example-may happily accept relatively poorly-paid jobs."可以推斷出,演員接受收入低的工作是為了提升社會(huì)地位,使自己感覺更好.故選C.
14 B 歸納題.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Some scientists suggest older people may expect life to be harder and learn to live with it,or they're more realistic about their goals"可以推斷出老年人對(duì)待目標(biāo)更加實(shí)際,所以可以感覺更幸福.故選B.
15 A 推斷題.根據(jù)第五段"people whose desires…rose furthest beyond what they already had,tended to be less happy than those who felt a smaller gap."可以推斷出,如果現(xiàn)實(shí)和欲望差距比較大,比起相差不大的人幸福感差,也就是說感覺相對(duì)不幸福.故選A.

點(diǎn)評(píng) 一、速讀全文,了解大意知主題.
  閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個(gè)方面.閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力.考生必須在十分有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀,搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句,捕捉時(shí)空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點(diǎn),并且理清文章脈絡(luò),把握語篇實(shí)質(zhì).
二、看題干,帶著問題讀文章.
  首先要掌握問題的類型,客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案;而主觀判斷題考查的是對(duì)文章的感情基調(diào)等,這類題必須經(jīng)過對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等.其次,了解試題題干以及各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所包含的信息,然后有針對(duì)性地對(duì)文章進(jìn)行掃讀,對(duì)有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位.此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對(duì)性,提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率.
  三、邏輯推理,做好深層理解題.
  在實(shí)際閱讀中,有時(shí)作者并未把意圖說出來,閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思,通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系,研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示,推敲作者的態(tài)度,理解文章的寓義.要求讀者對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理,不能就事論事,以偏概全.推理題在提問中常用的詞有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等.
  四、猜詞悟義,掃除閱讀攔路虎.
  猜詞是應(yīng)用英語的重要能力.它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無誤地理解上下文,而且要有較大的泛讀量,掌握或認(rèn)識(shí)較多的課外詞匯.我們要學(xué)會(huì)"順藤摸瓜",通過構(gòu)詞,語法,定義,同位,對(duì)比,因果,常識(shí),上下文等線索確定詞義.

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