Question

【題目】British MPs (國(guó)會(huì)議員) have voted in favour of the creation of babies with DNA from two women and one man, in a historic move. The UK is now set to become the first country to introduce laws to allow the creation of babies from three people. In a free vote in the Commons, 382 MPs were in favour and 128 against the technique that stops genetic diseases being passed from mother to child. During the debate, ministers said the technique was “l(fā)ight at the end of a dark tunnel” for families.

A further vote is required in the House of Lords. If everything goes ahead then the first such baby could be born next year. Supporters said it was “good news for progressive medicine” but critics say they will continue to fight against the technique that they say raises too many ethical (倫理的) and safety concerns. Estimates suggest 150 three-person babies could be born each year.

Prime Minister David Cameron said: “We're not playing god here; we're just making sure that two parents who want a healthy baby can have one.” The method, which was developed in Newcastle, should help women like Sharon Bernadi, from Sunderland, who lost all seven of her children to mitochondrial (線(xiàn)粒體的) disease. Ms Bernadi said she was “overwhelmed” by the decision.

Mitochondria are the tiny compartments (隔間) inside nearly every cell of the body that transform food into useable energy. They have their own DNA, which does not affect characteristics such as appearance. Defective mitochondria are passed down only from the mother. They can lead to brain damage, muscle wasting, heart failure and blindness. The technique uses a modified version to combine the DNA of the two parents with the healthy mitochondria of a donor woman. It results in babies with 0.1% of their DNA from the second woman and is a permanent change that would be passed down through the generations.

【1】 According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. The new technique is intended to provide the parents a healthy baby.

B. The mitochondrial disease can lead to various fatal illnesses.

C. Britain is the first country to have created three-person babies.

D. All of Ms Bernadi’s children died of a genetic disease.

【2】 The underlined word “defective” is closest to the meaning of ________.

A. strangely-made B. normally developed

C. functioning perfectly D. not functioning properly

【3】 It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

A. Mitochondria are inside nearly every cell that change food into useable energy

B. DNA of Mitochondria can affect a person’s appearance

C. in medical science ethical factors should be taken into consideration

D. the donor woman’s DNA will not be found in the three-person baby

【4】 Prime Minister David Cameron _________ the creation of such babies.

A. is in favour of B. throws doubt on

C. objects to D. is indifferent to

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】D

【3】C

【4】A

【解析】

試題分析：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。英國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)議員通過(guò)了關(guān)于從二女一男身上提取DNA來(lái)創(chuàng)造嬰兒的議案，英國(guó)成為了世界上首個(gè)立法允許利用三人的基因完成試管嬰兒的國(guó)家。

【1】C判斷正誤題。根據(jù)第一段，The UK is now set to become the first country to introduce laws to allow the creation of babies from three people.“英國(guó)成為了第一個(gè)立法允許用三人的基因完成試管嬰兒的國(guó)家。”故答案C錯(cuò)誤。

【2】D詞義猜測(cè)題。Defective“有缺陷的，不能完全適應(yīng)變化的”；A. strangely-made“制造得很奇怪的”；B. normally developed“正常發(fā)展的”；C. functioning perfectly“完美運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的”； D. not functioning properly“運(yùn)行的不正常的”；故答案為D。

【3】C歸納推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段，but critics say they will continue to fight against the technique that they say raises too many ethical (倫理的) and safety concerns.“...但是反對(duì)者說(shuō)他們將繼續(xù)反對(duì)這項(xiàng)技術(shù)，為此他們提出了很多倫理和安全方面的擔(dān)心。”所以這項(xiàng)技術(shù)在倫理和安全方面存在一定的缺陷，故答案為C。

【4】A細(xì)節(jié)辨析題。根據(jù)第三段，Prime Minister David Cameron said: “We're not playing god here; we're just making sure that two parents who want a healthy baby can have one.”“首相卡梅隆說(shuō)：我們并不是在挑戰(zhàn)上帝，只是希望那些想要一個(gè)健康的孩子的夫妻能夠如愿。”可知，卡梅隆是支持這個(gè)議案的，故答案為A。