3.請你改正下面短文中的錯誤.文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處.每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改.
增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞.
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉.
修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞.
注意:
1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分.
Once a king asked an artist to paint a picture by him.He told the artist he didn't want to any shadows in picture,just sunshine.When the king saw the finish picture,he was disappointed.Without shadows,everything in the picture looked flat or unreal.The point of the story was that we need both shadows and sunshine to have a completely picture,just as we need both rain and sun to have a living world.People,too,needs both sadness and happiness.
We often learn important lesson during sad times.So when we feel sad,we should try to think about that we might learn from the experience.

分析 本文作者通過講述一位國王讓畫家為他畫畫的故事,旨在告訴人們應該看到事物的兩面性,不應該排斥事物的另一面例如陰影,雨或悲傷.故事是這樣的:從前,有位國王讓畫家為他畫畫.他告訴畫家,在畫中,只畫陽光,不要畫陰影.等到這幅畫被完成的時候,他吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn),沒有陰影,畫面中的一切看起來既平整又不真實.最后,作者講到,該故事的說明了這樣一個道理:我們需要陰影和陽光來畫出一副完整的圖畫;正如我們需要雨和太陽來構(gòu)建一個生存的世界一樣;同樣,人們還需要悲傷與快樂,并在悲傷的時候?qū)W到一些重要的經(jīng)驗教訓.

解答 Once a king asked an artist to paint a picture by him.He told the artist he didn't wantto
                                                                 for                                                   去掉to
any shadows in∧picture,just sunshine.When the king saw the finishpicture,he was
                     the                                                                   finished
disappointed.Without shadows,everything in the picture looked flat or  unreal.The point of the
                                                                                                       and
story was that we need both shadows and sunshine to have a completely picture,just as we
         is                                                                              complete
need both rain and sun to have a living world.People,too,needsboth sadness and happiness.
                                                                                          need
We often learn important lesson during sad times.So when we feel sad,we should try to think
                                     lessons
about thatwe might learn from the experience.
        what

1.將by改為for    考查介詞的用法     本句的意思是:從前,有位國王讓一位畫家為他畫畫;by"通過,被";故用for"為,為了"
2.去掉to     考查動詞的用法    want是及物動詞,其后可直接跟名詞作賓語,故去掉to
3.在picture前加the   考查冠詞的用法    picture在此處是第二次出現(xiàn),指為國王畫的那幅畫;故加the
4.將finish的改為finished    考查形容詞的用法   此處用作定語修飾名詞picture;表示被動,已完成的動作;意為:那副已完成的畫;故用由過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)化來的形容詞
5.將or改為and      考查連詞的用法   根據(jù)句意(沒有陰影,畫面中的一切看起來既平整又不真實)可知,此處表示并列而不是選擇關系,故用and
6.將was改為is     考查時態(tài)    此處講述的是該故事給人們留下的啟示,指的是它的現(xiàn)實意義,故用一般現(xiàn)在時
7.將 completely改為complete    考查形容詞的用法      此處用來修飾名詞 picture,故用形容詞;意為:一副完整的圖畫
8.將needs改為need     考查主謂一致    由于本句的主語是People(集體名詞:人們),故謂語動詞使用原形
9.將lesson改為lessons       考查名詞的單復數(shù)      根據(jù)句意"我們經(jīng)常在悲傷的時候?qū)W到一些經(jīng)驗教訓"可知,此處指的不只是一個經(jīng)驗教訓;故用名詞的復數(shù)形式lessons
10.將that改為what       考查連接代詞的用法     此處用在動詞短語 think about之后,用來引導賓語從句,并且在該從句中作賓語,意為:所學習到的東西;因為that在賓語從句中,沒有任何意義,也不作句子成分,只起連接作用;故用what

點評 短文改錯是集語法知識與語言技能為一體的綜合性試題,主要考查學生對詞匯、語法和語篇三要素的把握能力.錯誤類型一般有:缺詞、多詞和錯詞.常見的錯誤有:1 詞法錯誤,主要包括動詞、名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞和介詞等詞類誤用、同義詞混淆使用、固定搭配等方面.解答此類試題時,需要正確分析句子成分,熟練掌握各詞類的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等.2 常見句法錯誤.通常表現(xiàn)為簡單句、復合句以及疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句和強調(diào)句等錯誤.解答此類試題時,需要掌握各類句子的句式結(jié)構(gòu)及意義用法.3 應在理解文章大意的前提下,進行作答.

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