Question

19．People who smoke could lose around one third of their daily memory，researchers say．
    A study by a team at Northumbria University showed that smokers lost more of their memory when compared to non-smokers．
    And the research also found that those who kicked the habit saw their ability to recollect information restored to almost the same level as non-smokers．
    The study involved more than seventy 18-to-25-year-olds and included a tour of the university's campus．Those who took part were asked to recall small details，such as a list of songs played at a campus concert and tasks completed at various points-known as real world memory test．Smokers performed badly，remembering just 59 percent of tasks．But those who had given up smoking remembered 74 percent and those who had never smoked recalled 81 percent of tasks．
    Dr．Tom Heffernan，who leads Northumbria University's Collaboration for Drug and Alcohol Research Group，said the findings would be useful in anti-smoking campaigns．He said，"Given that there are up to 10 million smokers in the UK and as many as 45 million in the United States，it's important to understand the effects smoking has on everyday cognitive（認(rèn)知的）function-of which prospective memory is an excellent example．"
"This is the first time that a study has set out to examine whether giving up smoking has an impact on memory．We already know that giving up smoking has huge health benefits for the body，but this study also shows how stopping smoking can have knock-on benefits for cognitive functions too．''
    The research will now investigate the effects of passive smoking on memory，while Dr．Heffernan and Dr．Terence O'Neil will look into the effects of third-hand smoking-toxins left on curtains and furniture．
1．What's the main idea of the passage？C
    A．Smoking does harm to health．
    B．Smokers take a tour to the University's campus．
    C．Smoking can affect one's memory．
    D．Smokers are compared to non-smokers．
2．How did those who took part in the study perform when asked to recall small details？A
    A．Smokers did the worst among the participants．
    B．Non-smokers could recall about half of them．
    C．Smokers could recall nothing at all．
    D．Those who gave up smoking did best．
3．According to Dr．Tom Heffernan，the findingsB．
    A．would be really a surprise to the public
    B．would contribute to fighting against smoking
    C．would be used in real world memory test
    D．would be nothing new to the researchers
4．What does the underlined word"impact''most probably mean？D
    A．order    B．impression    C．expression    D．effect
5．What will Dr．Heffernan and Dr Terence O'Neil do？A
    A．Investigate the effects of third-hand smoking．
    B．Do research on how smoking affects passive smokers．
    C．Find ways to persuade people to quit smoking．
    D．Study whether giving up smoking affects memory．

Answer 1

分析 本文講述的是抽煙對(duì)人的記憶力影響的實(shí)驗(yàn)，想通過這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)來告訴人們，抽煙的危害．

解答 1 C 主旨大意題．根據(jù)文章的主題段第一段People who smoke could lose around one third of their daily memory，researchers say．說明抽煙的人容易遺忘，這就是文章的主題，故C項(xiàng)正確．
2 A 細(xì)節(jié)題．根據(jù)第四段最后3行Smokers performed badly，remembering just 59 percent of tasks．But those who had given up smoking remembered 74 percent and those who had never smoked recalled 81 percent of tasks．說明抽煙的人表現(xiàn)最差，故A正確．
3 B 細(xì)節(jié)題．根據(jù)第五段前三行Dr．Tom Heffernan，who leads Northumbria University's Collaboration for Drug and Alcohol Research Group，said the findings would be useful in anti-smoking campaigns．說明他認(rèn)為這個(gè)研究對(duì)于與吸煙的斗爭(zhēng)是有益的，故B正確．
4 D 推理題．根據(jù)下句．We already know that giving up smoking has huge health benefits for the body，說明這里是指抽煙對(duì)人的影響，故D項(xiàng)正確．
5 A 根據(jù)文章最后一段he research will now investigate the effects of passive smoking on memory，while Dr．Heffernan and Dr．Terence O'Neil will look into the effects of third-hand smoking-toxins left on curtains and furniture．說明接下來的研究對(duì)象應(yīng)該就是third-hand smoking，故A正確．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 本文講述的是抽煙對(duì)人的記憶力影響，本文考查細(xì)節(jié)題為主，細(xì)節(jié)題可以在文章中直接找到與答案有關(guān)的信息或是其變體．搜查信息在閱讀中非常重要它包括理解作者在敘述某事時(shí)使用的具體事實(shí)、數(shù)據(jù)、圖表等細(xì)節(jié)信息．在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都屬于這類圍繞主體展開的細(xì)節(jié)．做這類題一般采用尋讀法即先讀題然后帶著問題快速閱讀短文找出與問題有關(guān)的詞語或句子再對(duì)相關(guān)部分進(jìn)行分析對(duì)比找出答案．