Question

【題目】 Heads up! Across the country, sports injuries are a safety concern for young athletes. Now, the American Medical Association (AMA) has a new set of guidelines aimed at protecting players from the danger of concussions—serious injuries caused by a blow to the head.

“By raising awareness of the serious risks associated with concussions and ensuring that the appropriate guidelines are in place, we can reduce the number of young athletes who may return to the game too soon, which can put their health at further risk,” said AMA Board Member Jack Resneck Jr. M.D., in a statement.

The policy recommends that young athletes who may have a concussion be taken off the field as soon as possible. Then, they are only to return to their sport with a doctor’s written approval. The policy also sets age-specific rules for health care professionals and athletic organizations in evaluating and caring for concussions.

According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC), a concussion is a type of traumatic(創(chuàng)傷) brain injury caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head or hit to the body that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back and forth. This type of movement can cause the brain to bounce around or twist inside the skull(顱骨). It can damage brain cells and create chemical changes in the brain.

The CDC says that between 1.6 million and 3.8 million traumatic brain injuries caused by sports and recreation-related activities occur in the U. S. every year. A study from the Center for Injury Research and Policy showed that as many as 40% of high school athletes return to playing before they should. The AMA’s new guidelines should help to bring those numbers down.

【1】Why does the AMA set the new guidelines?

A.To raise safety standards of sports.

B.To protect athletes from concussions.

C.To set rules for health care evaluation.

D.To help players return to the game quickly.

【2】What should young athletes who may have a concussion do?

A.Avoid using the head.B.Leave the field forever.

C.Get treatment in time.D.Switch to another sport.

【3】What is paragraph 4 mainly about?

A.What a concussion is.B.What causes damage to brain cells.

C.How the CDC works.D.How a concussion can be prevented.

【4】Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A.Rules for Safer PlayB.Sports Injuries in the US

C.Advice to AthletesD.New Policies for Doctors

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【3】A

【4】A

【解析】

本文是說明文。運動傷害是年輕運動員的安全隱患�，F(xiàn)在，美國醫(yī)學(xué)協(xié)會(AMA)制定的一套新的指導(dǎo)方針，旨在保護運動員免受腦震蕩的危險——頭部受到重擊造成的嚴(yán)重傷害。

【1】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中Now, the American Medical Association (AMA) has a new set of guidelines aimed at protecting players from the danger of concussions-serious injuries caused by a blow to the head.(現(xiàn)在，美國醫(yī)學(xué)協(xié)會(AMA)有了一套新的指導(dǎo)方針，旨在保護運動員免受腦震蕩的危險——頭部受到重擊造成的嚴(yán)重傷害)可知，美國醫(yī)學(xué)協(xié)會AMA制定新的指導(dǎo)方針的目的是保護運動員免受腦震蕩的危險。故選B。

【2】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中The policy recommends that young athletes who may have a concussion be taken off the field as soon as possible. Then, they are only to return to their sport with a doctor’s written approval.(該政策建議可能有腦震蕩的年輕運動員盡快離開賽場。然后，他們只有在得到醫(yī)生的書面批準(zhǔn)后才能重返賽場)可推知，可能患有腦震蕩的年輕運動員應(yīng)該盡快離開賽場，及時接受醫(yī)生的專業(yè)治療。故選C。

【3】段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段中的…a concussion is a type of traumatic(創(chuàng)傷) brain injury caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head or hit to the body that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back and forth. This type of movement can cause the brain to bounce around or twist inside the skull(顱骨). It can damage brain cells and create chemical changes in the brain.(……腦震蕩是一種腦部外傷，是由于頭部或身體受到撞擊、打擊或顛簸而導(dǎo)致頭部和大腦快速來回移動。這種類型的移動可以導(dǎo)致大腦在顱骨內(nèi)跳動或扭曲。它會損傷腦細胞并在大腦中產(chǎn)生化學(xué)變化)可知，本段主要解釋了什么是腦震蕩。故選A。

【4】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的Across the country, sports injuries are a safety concern for young athletes. Now, the American Medical Association (AMA) has a new set of guidelines aimed at protecting players from the danger of concussions-serious injuries caused by a blow to the head.(在全國范圍內(nèi)，運動傷害是年輕運動員的安全隱患�，F(xiàn)在，美國醫(yī)學(xué)協(xié)會(AMA)有了一套新的指導(dǎo)方針，旨在保護運動員免受腦震蕩的危險——頭部受到重擊造成的嚴(yán)重傷害)可知，本文主要介紹了美國醫(yī)學(xué)協(xié)會(AMA)制定的一套旨在保護運動員免受腦震蕩的危險的新指導(dǎo)方針。由此可知，A項Rules for Safer Play(更安全的游戲規(guī)則)適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。

做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進行比較，再做出正確選擇。在做推理判斷題時不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷。如第1小題，要求判斷出美國醫(yī)學(xué)協(xié)會為什么制定新的指導(dǎo)方針。根據(jù)第一段中的Now, the American Medical Association (AMA) has a new set of guidelines aimed at protecting players from the danger of concussions-serious injuries caused by a blow to the head.（現(xiàn)在，美國醫(yī)學(xué)協(xié)會(AMA)有了一套新的指導(dǎo)方針，旨在保護運動員免受腦震蕩的危險——頭部受到重擊造成的嚴(yán)重傷害）可知，美國醫(yī)學(xué)協(xié)會AMA制定新的指導(dǎo)方針的目的是保護運動員免受腦震蕩的危險。故選B。