Question

【題目】How can you find out what is going on inside a person’s body without opening the patient s body up? Regular X-rays can show a lot. CAT scans can show even more. They can give a complete view of body organs.

What is a CAT scan? CAT stands for a kind of machine. It is a special X-ray machine that gets a 360-degree picture of a small area of a patient’s body.

Doctors use X-rays to study and determine diseases and injuries within the body. X-rays can find a foreign object inside the body or take pictures of some inside organs to be X-rayed.

A CAT scanner，however，uses a group of X-rays to give a cross-sectional (橫截面) view of a specific part of the body. A fine group of X-rays is scanned across the body and around the patient from many different directions. A computer studies the information from each direction and produces a clear cross-sectional picture on a screen. This picture is then photo-graphed for later use. Several cross sections, taken one after another，can give clear “photos” of the entire body or of any body organs. The latest CAT scanners can even give clear pictures of active，moving organs，just as a fast-action camera can “stop the action”，giving clear pictures of what appears unclear to the eye. And because of the 360-degree pictures, CAT scans show clear and complete views of organs in a manner that was once only shown during operation or examination of a dead patient.

Frequent appearance before X-rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body. Yet CAT scans actually don’t cause the patient to more radiation than regular X-rays do. CAT scans can also be done without getting something harmful into the patient, so they are less risky than regular X-rays.

CAT scans provide exact, detailed information. They can quickly find such a thing as bleeding inside the brain. They are helping to save lives.

【1】The underlined words “a foreign object” in Paragraph 3 most probably refer to .

A. a badly injured part inside the body

B. a new thing that is unknown to the doctor

C. a strange cell that has grown in the body

D. a thing that gets inside the body by chance

【2】What is the special use of the latest CAT scanners?

A. It can take pictures of inside organs.

B. It provides clear photos of moving organs.

C. It won’t cause serious skin bums, cancer or other damage to the body.

D. It helps to find out illness inside a person’s body without opening it up.

【3】What can we infer from this text?

A. Patients in front of CAT may suffer a bit of radiation,

B. Doctors need no opening-up of the body with CAT scanners.

C. CAT scanners are more expensive than regular X-ray machines.

D. CAT scanners can take photos of either the whole body or a part of it.

【4】What can be the best title of this text?

A. The newest medical invention

B. A special X-ray machine to save lives

C. How to avoid the damage from X-rays

D. Advantages and disadvantages of CAT scanners

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】B

【3】A

【4】B

【解析】本文主要介紹了CAT掃描技術(shù)。CAT掃描是一種特殊的X光掃描，但比X光更先進，它可以呈現(xiàn)人體內(nèi)細(xì)小組織的立體影像。CAT掃描的原理是利用一組角度不同的X光掃描體內(nèi)組織的各個橫截面，電腦將這一組圖片整合成更清晰準(zhǔn)確的CAT圖片。X光對人體有一定的傷害性，CAT也有相同強度的傷害性。

【1】考察細(xì)節(jié)推斷。根據(jù)后半句“take pictures of some inside organs（拍一些體外器官的照片）”可知，前半句的“a foreign object”應(yīng)該是指進入了身體內(nèi)的體外物體，故選D。

【2】考察細(xì)節(jié)理解。由第一段可知，A和D的功能，X光也可以做到。C選項由第五段知，CAT和X光會對人體造成的同樣強度的傷害，C錯誤。由第四段可知“The latest CAT scanners can even give clear pictures of active，moving organs（最新的CAT掃描甚至可以給有生命的移動中的器官拍攝清晰圖片）”故選B。

【3】考察全文理解。選項B在第一段已明確指出，不屬于推斷出的內(nèi)容，故排除B。選項C和D中“CAT可以掃描全身”在文中未提及。選項A可由倒數(shù)第二段推斷出，“Yet CAT scans actually don’t cause the patient to more radiation than regular X-rays do.（然而CAT掃描不會比常規(guī)X光掃描帶來更多的輻射）”，據(jù)此推斷出病人在進行CAT掃描時會遭到一點輻射，故選A。

【4】考察全文理解。本文主要介紹了一種特別的X光掃描——CAT掃描，并著重說明了CAT掃描優(yōu)于X光掃描的地方。另外最后一段講CAT可以快速找到體內(nèi)受傷處，從而挽救生命。因此應(yīng)選B。