【題目】

1People along the railway ________________ this new line.

沿鐵路線的人們得益于這條新鐵路。

2I won’t have you ________________ cheating in the exam.

我不會(huì)允許你作弊而不受懲罰。

3We should try our best to ________________ nature or we’ll be punished by nature.

我們應(yīng)該努力保持生態(tài)平衡,否則我們會(huì)受到大自然的懲罰。

4He ________________ by a strange disease at an early age.

他年紀(jì)輕輕就被一種怪病奪去了生命。

5The two cheats ________________ all night long.

兩個(gè)騙子讓他們的燈整夜地亮著。

6She used to ________________ by selling drinks.

她過(guò)去靠賣(mài)飲料為生。

7Knowing they are________________,they cried out their hearts.

得知他們負(fù)債累累,他們哭得傷心欲絕。

8________________ we should try again?We may win this time.

難道你不認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該再試一次嗎?這次我們也許會(huì)勝出。

【答案】

1benefit from

2getting away with

3keep the balance of

4was cut down

5had their lights burning

6earn her living

7deep in debt

8Don’t you think

【解析】本大題完成句子。做這類(lèi)題要從語(yǔ)法的角度考慮。翻譯句子時(shí)首先要考慮到整個(gè)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和要用的固定詞組,然后按照正確的語(yǔ)序完成句子。不僅考查學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言基本功,即對(duì)詞匯的記憶能力和理解能力,還考查學(xué)生在具體的語(yǔ)境中靈活運(yùn)用詞匯知識(shí)和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的能力。

1benefit from

考查benefit的用法。某人受益于,為固定搭配,可譯為“benefit from”。本句中缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。本句敘述的是一個(gè)客觀事實(shí),故用一般過(guò)去時(shí),故用benefit from。

2getting away with

考查固定搭配。get away with為固定搭配,意為“get away with 逃避懲罰僥幸做成”。分析句子可知,本句中考查的have sb. doing,意為“讓某人一直做某事”,因此本句填 getting away with。

3keep the balance of

考查固定搭配。保持…..的平衡,可譯為“keep the balance of”。本句中做to的動(dòng)詞不定式,要用動(dòng)詞原形,故用keep the balance of。

4was cut down

考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)。分析句子可知缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,漢語(yǔ)為“被奪去….”所以要用被動(dòng),cut down有“殺死”之意,根據(jù)句意可知要用一般過(guò)去時(shí),故填was cut down。

5had their lights burning

考查固定搭配。根據(jù)句意可知,“讓….一直發(fā)生”,可譯為“have sth./sb. doing ”因此本句講述過(guò)去的事,要用一般過(guò)去時(shí),“讓燈一直亮著”可譯為“had their lights burning”。

have+賓語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞

該結(jié)構(gòu)中的現(xiàn)在分詞用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),其中的have為使役動(dòng)詞。該結(jié)構(gòu)的主要用法有:

①表示使()某人(某事物)一直做在做某事或處于做某事的狀態(tài)之中。如:

Within minutes he had the whole audience laughing and clapping. 沒(méi)出幾分鐘他就讓全體聽(tīng)眾笑起來(lái),鼓起掌來(lái)。

②表示容忍或允許某人做某事(用于否定句,尤與 won’t, can’t連用)。如:

He won’t have boys arriving late. 他不允許孩子們遲到。

I won’t have you smoking at your age. 我不能讓你在這個(gè)年紀(jì)就抽煙。

③說(shuō)服或命令某人做某事。如:

He had me doing all kinds of jobs for her. 他叫我為她做各種事情。

6earn her living

考查固定詞組。earn one’s living ,為固定搭配,意為“謀生!used to do,為過(guò)去常常,因此,填earn her living。

7deep in debt

考查固定搭配。負(fù)債累累,英語(yǔ)為“ deep in debt”,因此填deep in debt。

8Don’t you think

考查反問(wèn)句。根據(jù)第二句可知,本句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),因此難道你不認(rèn)為可譯為“ Don’t you think”。

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