Question

【題目】Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Japanese firms encourage daytime naps

Imagine working for an employer who, aware that you’re probably not sleeping enough at night, allows you to down tools and nap as part of your regular work 【1】 -- and not just forty winks at your desk, but a restorative snooze in a quiet room.

These are some of the measures being used by a growing number of companies in Japan to counter an epidemic of sleeplessness that costs its economy a(n) 【2】 $ 138 bn a year.

Tech startups have been quickest to 【3】the “sleep debt” among irritable and unproductive employees. Last year, Nextbeat, an TT service provider, went as far as setting up two “strategic sleeping rooms” -- one for men, the other for women -- at its headquarters in Tokyo. The aroma-infused rooms 【4】 devices that block out background noise, allowing workers to stretch out on sofas for a(n) 【5】 nap. Mobile phones, tablets and laptops are banned.

“Napping can do as much to improve someone’s 【6】as a balanced diet and exercise,” Emiko Sumikawa, a member of the Nextbeat board, told Kyodo news agency.

Nextbeat also asks employees to leave work by 9 pm and to avoid doing excessive overtime, which has been 【7】 for a rising rate of death from overwork.

Japanese workers have more reason than most to submit to （服從）the 【8】 for a daytime snooze, whether at work or during long commutes.

A survey conducted using fitness trackers in 28 countries found that Japanese men and women sleep, on average, just 6 hours and 35 minutes a night -- 45 minutes less than the international average -- making them the most sleep-deprived of all. Estonians, Canadians, Belgians, Austrians, as well as the Dutch and French, all get a comparatively decent night’s sleep, according to the survey.

The government has also come to appreciate the 【9】 of a well-rested workforce, with the health ministry recommending that all working-age people take a nap of up to 30 minutes in the early afternoon -- advice 【10】 embraced by some of the country’s politicians.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】H

【2】D

【3】A

【4】F

【5】K

【6】B

【7】J

【8】I

【9】C

【10】E

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文。在日本，越來越多的公司采取措施，鼓勵(lì)白天小睡，以應(yīng)對(duì)失眠問題。Nextbeat在東京總部設(shè)立了兩間“戰(zhàn)略臥室”，要求員工在晚上9點(diǎn)前下班，避免過度加班。調(diào)查表明，日本人民睡眠質(zhì)量較國(guó)際水平差，政府也在采取措施。

【1】考查名詞。句意：如果你的雇主意識(shí)到你晚上可能睡得不夠，讓你放下工作，打個(gè)盹作為日常工作的一部分。work duty，表示“工作職責(zé)”。根據(jù)句意知，此處指的是將打盹作為你工作職責(zé)的一部分，故選H。

【2】考查形容詞。句意：據(jù)估計(jì)，日本每年因失眠造成的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失高達(dá)1380億美元。分析可知，前面有冠詞，后有名詞$ 138 billion，故此處應(yīng)為形容詞。estimated“估計(jì)的”，根據(jù)句意可知，故選D。

【3】考查名詞。句意：科技初創(chuàng)企業(yè)最快地解決了易怒、效率低下員工的“睡眠債”問題。address“設(shè)法解決”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)知，此處為be+adj.+to do的結(jié)構(gòu)，故應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)下文可知，Nextbeat已經(jīng)采取措施解決睡眠的問題，故此處填address。故選A。

【4】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：充滿芳香的房間配備了隔絕背景噪音的設(shè)備，。feature“以…為特色，配備”。根據(jù)句意可知，房間配備了放噪音的設(shè)備，故填feature。故選F。

【5】考查形容詞。句意：讓工人們可以躺在沙發(fā)上不受打擾地小睡一會(huì)兒。分析可知，此處應(yīng)該形容詞修飾nap，配置防噪音設(shè)備，是為了能讓工人們不受打擾地好好休息，故填undisturbed。故選K。

【6】考查名詞。句意：在提高效率方面，午睡和均衡飲食、鍛煉身體一樣重要。根據(jù)上文缺少睡眠導(dǎo)致unproductive “效果不佳的”，可知此處說的是提高他們的工作效率，故填efficiency。故選B。

【7】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：Nextbeat還要求員工在晚上9點(diǎn)前下班，并避免過度加班，加班導(dǎo)致的死亡率不斷上升。be blamed for，歸咎于。根據(jù)句意可知，此處說的是死亡率上升主要?dú)w咎于過度加班。故填blamed。故選J。

【8】考查名詞。句意：日本員工比大多數(shù)人更有理由在白天打盹，無論是在工作還是在漫長(zhǎng)的通勤途中。urge“沖動(dòng)”，此處是指員工們屈服于打盹的沖動(dòng)，即更有理由去打盹，故填urge。故選I。

【9】考查名詞。句意：政府也開始意識(shí)到良好休息的勞動(dòng)力的好處。下文中衛(wèi)生部建議員工們?cè)谙挛鐣r(shí)休息，可知政府認(rèn)識(shí)到了有良好休息的勞動(dòng)力的好處。appreciate the benefits of，認(rèn)識(shí)到…的好處，故填benefits。故選C。

【10】考查副詞。句意：這一建議得到了該國(guó)一些政界人士的欣然接受。readily“欣然地”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)知，此處應(yīng)該使用副詞修飾過去分詞embraced，；根據(jù)句意可知，有一些人“欣然地”接受了這個(gè)建議，故填readily。故選E。