Question

【題目】Hospital emergency rooms treat injured fingers all the time．Without treatment, a bad cut can lead to permanent damage．But how should a person know when a bleeding cut is serious enough to require medical attention?

Here are some tips from Dr. Martin Brown, chairman of the department of emergency at Inova Alexandria Hospital in Virginia．

1． Laceration （裂口）

The medical term for a cut or tear in the skin is a laceration．【1】 A long cut on a finger can likely be treated without a visit to a doctor if the wound is not very deep. However, if you have a short but deep laceration, you will need professional attention．

2． Fingertips cut off

Some injuries, like a fingertip that gets cut off, might even need surgery to repair．【2】More often, cutting down the bone is what is done because reattaching a fingertip is often not successful．

3． Bleeding

【3】 Small cuts usually produce what is known as venous （靜脈的） bleeding． This means the blood flows steadily from the injury．The bleeding will often stop when pressure is put on the wound． In most cases holding direct pressure with a clean cloth for four to rive minutes would do．But if a cut appears to be pumping blood out with some force, this may be a sign of arterial （動(dòng)脈的）bleeding．【4】

Finally, always keep this in mind: even a cut that does not require medical attention must be kept clean to prevent infection． Small cuts should be cleaned gently with clean water． 【5】 Then cover it with a clean, dry bandage．

A．How a wound bleeds can be a sign of how serious it is．

B．That requires a specialist to either cut down the bone or reattach the fingertip

C．This kind of injury should be treated by a medical professional as soon as possible．

D．The first signs of this disease include difficulty in opening the mouth．

E．Use a washcloth to clean the area if the wound is dirty．

F．With a cut finger, holding the hand above the heart can reduce the loss of blood．

G．The length is usually not as important as the depth．

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】G

【2】B

【3】A

【4】C

【5】E

【解析】

試題分析：文章敘述的是皮膚的切口和撕裂傷不能小視，介紹了應(yīng)該怎樣正確判斷傷情已經(jīng)應(yīng)該怎樣采取治療措施。

【1】G根據(jù)下句：布朗醫(yī)生說“如果傷口不深，即使傷口較長也可以不用找醫(yī)生治療；如果你的傷口不長但是很深，事實(shí)上都需要專業(yè)的護(hù)理。”因此可知此處表達(dá)的意思是：傷口的長度和深度不是同樣的重要，故選G。

【2】B根據(jù)上句可知：有些創(chuàng)傷，像指頭被切斷的情況甚至需要外科手術(shù)來修復(fù)。下句的意思是：更多情況下醬骨頭銼平，因?yàn)闆_擊而指頭一般不太成功。因此可知這就需要專家來銼平骨頭或者將指頭重接上。故選B。

【3】A這是一個(gè)概括性的填空，它位于句首。根據(jù)下文可知：比較小的切口一般只是造成靜脈出血。靜脈出血時(shí)血液是從傷口慢慢流出的，遇到這種情況時(shí)，往往壓住傷口就能止血。因此可知此處要表達(dá)的是：傷口流血的情況也是其嚴(yán)重程度的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。故選A。

【4】C根據(jù)上句可知：如果傷口有血不斷涌出，就很可能是動(dòng)脈處血。因此下句應(yīng)該是：這種傷口就應(yīng)該找醫(yī)務(wù)人員處理。故選C。

【5】E根據(jù)上句：小傷口必須用干凈的水小心地清洗。下句表達(dá)的是：布朗說傷口一定要用干凈清潔的繃帶包扎。所以此處表達(dá)的是：如果傷口有臟污要用毛巾清洗干凈。故選E。