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【題目】單句翻譯

【1】正是人類的活動導致全球變暖。(強調句型)

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【2】沒有警察的允許，誰也不許離開這棟樓。(be + to do)

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【3】我只有找到工作才能弄到足夠的錢繼續(xù)大學學業(yè)。(倒裝)

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【4】簡一進來， 就大哭起來。(the instant)

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【5】今晚他們很有可能在外露營了。(it is likely that)

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【6】只要你在使用電燈，你就可以開著它。 (so long as)

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【7】如果我會畫畫，我會畫一張畫給你。(虛擬語氣)

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【8】學了這么多年的漢語，我依然認為它很美。（v-ing作狀語）

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【9】與工廠里其他工人相比，他是幸運的。(過去分詞作狀語)

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【10】他發(fā)現忍受噪音很困難。(it作形式賓語)

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【答案】

【1】It is human activity that has caused global warming.

【2】No one is to leave the building without the permission of the police.

【3】Only if I get a job can I have enough money to continue my studies in college.

【4】Jane burst out crying/burst into tears the instant she came in.

【5】It is likely that they will camp out tonight

【6】It is OK to leave a/ the light on so long as you are using it.

【7】If I could paint, I would paint you a painting.

【8】Having studied Chinese for many years, I still consider it beautiful.

【9】Compared with other workers, he was/is lucky.

【10】He found/finds it hard to put up with the noise.

【解析】

試題分析：本題應特別應注意名詞單復數的變化，動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)的變化，形容詞和副詞的變化，以及虛擬語氣等具體語法的使用。

【1】It is human activity that has caused global warming.

考查強調句型。本句強調的是主語human activity。強調句型的基本結構為It is/was被強調成分that/who其它成分；其最大的特點就是去掉it is/was…that/who…句子仍然成立。要注意強調句型能強調除謂語動詞以為的所有的句子成分。在考查的時候，經常會把強調句型和定語從句結合在一起考查，要注意分析句子的成分。

【2】No one is to leave the building without the permission of the police.

考查不定式用法。本句中不定式在句中充當表語，表示將來時。

【3】Only if I get a job can I have enough money to continue my studies in college.

考查倒裝句。當only放在句首，且強調狀語的時候，后面的主句使用部分倒裝的形式。

【4】Jane burst out crying/burst into tears the instant she came in.

考查名詞短語轉變成連詞。本句中名詞短語the instant轉變成連詞，意為“一...就...”，引導時間狀語從句。

【5】It is likely that they will camp out tonight

考查形容詞固定句式。本句中的形容詞likely意為“可能的”，構成固定句式It is likely that...很可能...。

【6】It is OK to leave a/ the light on so long as you are using it.

考查狀語參考。本句中so long as只要....引導條件狀語從句，句中使用一般現在時代替將來時。

【7】If I could paint, I would paint you a painting.

本句考查if條件句虛擬語氣。本句表示的是與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣。主句與現在事實相反，條件句中使用過去時could,主句中使用“情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形”即“would paint...”；條件句的虛擬語氣是考查的重點。如果過去事實相反，條件句中使用過去完成時，主句使用“情態(tài)動詞+have done”;如果主句與現在事實相反，條件句中使用過去時，be動詞使用were,主句中使用“情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形”；如果與將來事實相反，條件句中有三種：過去時；were to do ;should+動詞原形，主句使用“情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形”；要特別注意如果省略了if，句子要使用部分倒裝的形式，把助動詞，be動詞，情態(tài)動詞提之主語前。

【8】 Having studied Chinese for many years, I still consider it beautiful.

考查現在分詞做狀語。本句轉換動詞study與句子主語I構成主動關系，而且study Chinese for many tears是已經發(fā)生的事情，所以使用現在分詞的完成式做狀語。當分詞做狀語的時候，如果構成分詞的動詞與句子的主語構成主動關系，就使用現在分詞做狀語；如果分詞的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前，就使用分詞的完成式。

【9】Compared with other workers, he was/is lucky.

考查過去分詞做狀語，本句中動詞compare與主句主語he構成被動關系，所以使用過去分詞做狀語。如果構成分詞的動詞與句子的主語構成被動關系，使用過去分詞做狀語。如果分詞的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前，就使用分詞的完成式。

【10】He found/finds it hard to put up with the noise.

考查it充當形式賓語。本句中it是形式賓語，真正的賓語是后面的不定式短語to put up with the noise.

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