【題目】閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

A crater (環(huán)形山) on Mercury sat quietly for millions of years. Surprisingly, it acquired a name — Li Qingzhao, a Chinese female poet. The International Astronomical Union named the first group of craters on the planet after 310 famous writers and artists in human history, Li【1】(include). What did she do to deserve such【2】honor? Compared with other male poets in China,【3】have left hundreds or even thousands of poems, she has only eighty-seven.【4】, her artistic creativity in her【5】(survive) works has earned her a permanent place in the Chinese literary circle.

She grew up in a【6】(relative) relaxed atmosphere but her maiden (少女) days were so limited that the regret could be felt in her poem: 'Can't you see? The green leaves thriving (旺盛) but the red flowers fading overnight.' The arrival and disappearance of spring is one of the most frequent themes in Chinese poetry. Li had two marriages. The first ended up her being abandoned during the war. 【7】 (bad) still, she suffered physical abuse from her second husband. Bravely she charged him at the court and got the【8】(permit) to divorce.

In the final stage of her life.even【9】no one to rely on, she never gave up hope and created many literary works that【10】(leave) for generations to appreciate to date.

【答案】

【1】included

【2】an

【3】who

【4】However

【5】surviving

【6】relatively

【7】Worse

【8】permission

【9】with

【10】have been left

【解析】

這是一篇記敘文。文章由水星上的一座環(huán)形山命名為“李清照”切入，給讀者介紹了我國(guó)著名女詩(shī)人李清照的生平。

【1】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ)，Li和include之間是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，故填included。

【2】考查冠詞。honor是可數(shù)名詞，結(jié)合上下文可知，此處意為“值得這樣的一份榮耀”，是泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，又honor是元音音素開(kāi)頭，故填an，

【3】考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞，先行詞male poets在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who，故填who。

【4】考查副詞。句意：然而，她現(xiàn)存的作品的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作力為她在中國(guó)文學(xué)圈贏得了永恒的地位。結(jié)合上下文可知，此處應(yīng)用表轉(zhuǎn)折意義的副詞，故填However。

【5】考查形容詞。句意：然而，她現(xiàn)存的作品的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作力為她在中國(guó)文學(xué)圈贏得了永恒的地位。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)填survive的形容詞surviving“繼續(xù)存在的”，修飾名詞works，故填surviving。

【6】考查副詞。此處應(yīng)填relative的副詞修飾形容詞relaxed，故填relatively。

【7】考查固定表達(dá)。句意：更糟糕的是，她遭受了第二任丈夫的虐待。結(jié)合句意可知，此處考查固定表達(dá)worse still“更糟糕的是”，故填Worse。

【8】考查名詞。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)填permit的名詞作為got的賓語(yǔ)，故填permission。

【9】考查介詞。句意：在她人生的最后階段，沒(méi)有人可以依靠，但她從來(lái)沒(méi)有放棄，并且創(chuàng)作了很多讓世人到今天還非常欣賞的文學(xué)作品。結(jié)合句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處考查with的符合結(jié)構(gòu)，即with + n./ pron. + to do，with no one to rely on“沒(méi)有人可以依靠”，故填with。

【10】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。分析句子可知，此處是定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由for generations判斷為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)that指代literary works和leave之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)， 主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，故填have been left。

第3小題考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞。確定定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞一般分為三步：找出先行詞；分析先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分；考慮特殊情況。以本題為例：

1.找出先行詞：male poets

2.分析先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分：先行詞male poets在從句____3____have left hundreds or even thousands of poems中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用指人的關(guān)系代詞who/that。

3.考慮特殊情況：非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中不能使用that。

故填who。

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