Although the U.S. is so big and its people have so many different ethnic (racial) backgrounds, it is in some ways less varied than Europe. The English language is used almost everywhere in its American form. The American way of speaking has developed independently of England and is on the whole closer to what can be heard in Ireland.
American instance of uniformity（一致性） is in habits and ways of living. From Boston to Los Angeles it is as far as from France to Central Asia, and from east to west there are five time zones; but everywhere people get up and go to bed at about the same time, eat the same kind of food, buy in the same kind of shops, work and rest at the same times of the day and have the same pattern of holidays. In most of the things that matter there is less difference between rich people and ordinary people, or between town and country, than in any single European nation.
Although the United States covers so much land and the land produces far more food than the present population needs, its people are by now almost entirely an urban society. Less than a tenth of the people are engaged in agriculture, and most of the rest live in or around towns, large and small. Here the traditional picture is changing; most Americans do not live in small towns any more. Half the population now live in some thirty metropolitan（大城市的） areas.
The fact that the United states has always been a single economic unit has contributed to uniformity. Modern industry favors large organizations, and it is no accident that the world’s biggest commercial firms are American. The people can choose between the products of competing manufacturers, but the products are all much alike.
小題1:In describing the uniformity in the U.S. the author does not mention that
A．the American people get up and go to work at the same time.
B．the American people spend their holidays in the same pattern.
C．the American people buy and eat the same kind of food.
D．the American people have more or less the same income.
小題2:What can we learn from the passage about the U.S. agriculture?
A．The American farmers need more land than before.
B．More and more Americans are interested in farming.
C．It is quite modernized.
D．It is now going backward.
小題3:What is the feature of the U.S. modern industry according to the last paragraph?
A．The production scale and the organizational scale are very big.
B．It is a single economic unit that manufactures the same kind of products.
C．There are more and more competing manufacturers.
D．There are always a variety of products to choose from.
小題4:What does “most of the things” in the second paragraph refer to?
A．food, clothing and houses.
B．Cars, computers and TV sets.
C．Their wealth and income.
D．Land, housing and bank savings.

小題1:D
小題2:C
小題3:A
小題4:A

試題分析：文章介紹美國雖然疆域遼闊，有不同的種族，但是在很多重要的方面卻享有驚人的一致性，大多數(shù)人口生活在大都市，產(chǎn)品和組織都是大規(guī)模的。
小題1:細節(jié)題：從第二段的句子：but everywhere people get up and go to bed at about the same time, eat the same kind of food, buy in the same kind of shops, work and rest at the same times of the day and have the same pattern of holidays. 可知作者提到美國的一致性，提到了美國人同時睡覺同時起床，吃同樣的食物，到同樣的商店買東西，沒有說他們的收入是一樣的，選D。
小題2:推理題：根據(jù)第三段的句子：Less than a tenth of the people are engaged in agriculture, and most of the rest live in or around towns, large and small.美國只有10分之一的人從事農(nóng)業(yè)，生產(chǎn)的食物卻遠遠大于人們的需求，說明美國的農(nóng)業(yè)是現(xiàn)代化的，選 C
小題3:推理題：根據(jù)最后一段的句子：Modern industry favors large organizations, and it is no accident that the world’s biggest commercial firms are American. 可知美國的現(xiàn)代工業(yè)生產(chǎn)規(guī)模和組織規(guī)模都是很大的。選A。
小題4:猜詞題;根據(jù)第二段劃線內(nèi)容前面的句子：everywhere people get up and go to bed at about the same time, eat the same kind of food, buy in the same kind of shops, work and rest at the same times of the day and have the same pattern of holidays. 可知“most of the things”是指前面提到的衣食住行，選A。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

There are many older people in the world and there will be many more.A lime­known fact is that over 60 percent of the older people live in developing countries.According to the World Health Organization，by 2020 there will be 1 billion，with over 700 million living in developing countries.
It is a surprising fact that the population ageing is particularly rapid in developing countries.For example，it took France 115 years for the proportion of older people to double from 7 percent to 14 percent.It is estimated to take China a mere 27 years to achieve this same increase.
What are the implications of these increased numbers of older folk？One of the biggest worries for governments is that the longer people live，the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability.Attention is being paid to the need to keep people as healthy as possible，including during old age，to lessen the financial burden on the state.
Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations to understand and value  the older people in their society.In some African countries，certainly in Asia，older people are  respected and regarded as the ones with special knowledge.Yet traditions are fading away daily，which does not ensure the continued high regard of older people.As society changes，attitudes will change.
Much needs to be done to get rid of age discrimination (歧視) in employment.Life­long learning programs need to be provided to enable older people to be active members in a country’s development.
Social security policies need to be established to provide adequate income protection for older people.Both public and private schemes are vital in order to build a suitable safety net.
To achieve equality in such matters will take considerable time and effort.One thing is sure：there is no time to be lost.
小題1:The proportion of older people________.
A．is bigger in developed countries than in developing countries
B．is one­seventh of the population in developing countries
C．will increase much faster in China than in France
D．will be sixty percent in developing countries by 2020
小題2:According to the passage，which of the following are governments most worried about?
A．The diseases and disability of older people.
B．The longer life and good health of people.
C．The loss of taxes on older people.
D．The increasing respect for older people.
小題3:It is stated directly in the passage that older people should________.
A．be treated differently in different cultures
B．enjoy a similar lifestyle
C．be ignored as society changes
D．be valued by the younger generations
小題4:Which of the following measures is NOT mentioned to solve the population ageing problem?
A．Getting rid of age discrimination in employment.
B．Ensuring adequate income protection for older people.
C．Providing free health care for sick older people.
D．Supplying life­long learning programs to older people.
小題5:The author concludes in the last paragraph that________.
A．governments have spent lots of time in solving the ageing problem
B．population ageing is a hard problem，but it needs to be solved urgently
C．people are too busy to solve the population ageing problem
D．much time and effort will be lost in solving the ageing problem

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Urbanization
(2013·高考北京卷)Until relatively recently，the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city.The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago.__ 小題1:__In fact，nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (鄉(xiāng)村的) villages.It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history—a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.
Britain was only the beginning. 小題2:__The process of urbanization—the migration (遷徙) of people from the countryside to the city—was the result of modernization，which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.
In 1990，fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas.Today，over 82% of Americans live in cities.Only about 2% live on farms.__ 小題3:__
Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized.Even in advanced agricultural societies，it took about ninety­five people on farms to feed five people in cities._ 小題4:_Until modern times，those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英) and the servants，laborers and professionals who served them.Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.
Over the past two centuries，the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country. 小題5:_Today，instead of needing ninety­five farmers to feed five city people，one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non­farmers.
A．That kept cities very small.
B．The rest live in small towns.
C．The effects of urban living on people should be considered.
D．Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies.
E．But even 200 years ago，only a few people could live in cities.
F．Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.
G．Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Thousands of years ago people guessed the time of day by watching the sun.
Later，they found it was easier to tell the exact time by looking at the shadows.Thus， the sundial(日晷) was invented.
The sundial proved a useful timepiece  in sunny weather. However，another typc of  timepiece was necessary  for cloudy weather and nigh time.A sand glass was another  common measurer of time.Two glass bottles were connected by a very  small opening.  The top bottle was filled with sand，which dropped slowly into the botton one in a  certain period of time.Hour glasses were widely used then.Three—minute sand glasses  are still used in many homes to time the boiling of eggs.
The real ancestor of modern clocks was the water clock.In China ,an early  water clock was made up of several bowls. Water trickled(滴) from one bowl to another to keep the clock  going. Visitors to the  Beijing Palace Museum can still see the old  water clocks showing the time there.
In the Middle Ages a wateless clock was invented which  worked by means of  weights. To keep  the  weight  falling  at  the  same  speed，a  system  of wheels  was  invented. The pendulum(鐘擺) was  soon  developed  to control  the  speed of the  wheels. Thus the modern form of clock came into being.
9.Which of the following is the correct picturr of a sand glass?
            A.                       B.                       C.                     D.
10.Three minute sand glasses are still used in many homes         .
A.to boil eggs                           B.to measure the time of boiling eggs
C.to hold the boiled eggs                 D.to have eggs boiled
11.If you visit Beijing Palace Museum, you         .
A.will see the old water clocks broken
B.will find the time shown by the old water clocks is wrong
C.can find the old water clocks still telling the time there
D.will find the old water clocks have gone
12.In the Middle Ages the weight falling speed of a clock was kept by .
A.several bowls                        B.a system of wheels
C.a system of pendulum                  D.several springs

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Moving in with a boyfriend causes women to eat more unhealthily and put on weight. But the opposite is true for men, whose long-term health benefits when they move in with a female partner.
Dieticians at Newcastle University said both partners try to please one another, and so change their dietary habits to suit their other half.
It leads men to eat more light meals, such as salads, fruit and vegetables, while women choose to make creamier, heavier dishes curry or rich pasta sauces, which may please their partner.
Women still have the strongest long-term influence over the couple’s diet and lifestyle, as they still have the traditional role of shopper and cook in most households.
The report, by Newcastle University’s Human Nutrition Research Centre, reviewed the finding of a variety of research projects from the UK, North America and Australia, which looked at the eating and lifestyle habits of couples.
The research shows that women are more likely to put on weight and increase their consumption of foods high in fat and sugar when they move in with their partner.
Women also use food as a comfort when dealing with emotional stress and have been found to gain weight when a relationship ends, while the same finding has not been observed in men.
Many couples reported food as being central to their partnership, and eating together in the evening was particularly important to many.
Report author and registered dietician Dr. Amelia Lake said, “The research has shown that your partner is a strong influence on lifestyle and people who are trying to live healthier lives should take this factor into consideration.”
41. According to the passage, moving in with a girlfriend, men _______.
A. have few changes of their dietary habits
B. have to eat more unhealthy foods
C. don’t like foods high in fat and sugar at all
D. try to eat foods that their girlfriends like
42. The underlined word “light”(in Paragraph 4 ) probably means ________.
A. not very heavy
B. less in fat and sugar
C. gentle
D. not serious or important
43. According to the report by Newcastle University’s Human Nutrition Research Centre, ________.
A. women put on weight only because they want to suit their other half
B. when men are faced with emotional stress, they will change their dietary habits
C. eating together in the evening is a good way to communicate for couples
D. it is wrong to change your dietary habits to suit your partner
44. From the passage, we can infer that _________.
A. women should pay more attention to their partner’s influence on them
B. more men will play roles of shopper and cook in most households
C. couples will not change their dietary habits and lifestyle to please their partner
D. long-term health of men benefits when they move in with a female partner
45. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Don’t be silly any more, women!
B. Which are better dietary habits?
C. Boyfriends make you fat
D. Dr. Amelia Lake and his study

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Being honest are fundamental requirements if you want to grow spiritually and follow your true destination of personal development. It's not simply about being honest with people. While that will make you a better person and a more accepted one it's more importantly about being honest with yourself.
Living your life honestly means that you've decided to live openly and to show your true self to others and that you can be relied upon to be trustworthy. On the other hand, dishonesty is all about shade and concealment and living your life in 'dark corners'. When you're dishonest, it means that you remain living in the dark and cannot grow spiritually.
Honesty produces trust-trust in ourselves and in all those around us. Trust in turn produces confidence which we all need to overcome life's problems and which also encourages us to take risks in order to achieve our goals.
You'll have no doubt you have heard expressions such as "what goes around, comes around" and "you get back, what you give out in life" and that's very true. If you don't live your lives honestly, you can be assured that the people you'll attract will turn out to be very similar to you and it's therefore unavoidable that one day you'11 be on the receiving end of someone's dishonest actions or words.
There may be situations where telling the whole truth causes you to bring a lot of pain on somebody else. For example, John may have told Paul that he can't go on a weekend fishing trip with him because he has a family commitment arranged that weekend. You know differently and that the real reason John isn't going is because he hates Paul. When Paul asks you if you know whether the reason is true, what do you say? Well, in situations like this, it's often better to be economical with the truth. You might say that you don't know why John can't go or that you think he has something on that weekend." Of course, this isn't telling the complete truth but you are sparing Paul's feelings on something that won't, after all, have strong influence on Paul's future.
小題1:If you want to grow spiritually, it is best for you to______.
A．follow your destination
B．be true to yourself
C．plan your personal development
D．a(chǎn)ccept honest people as ends
小題2:The passage tells us that if you choose to live a dishonest life, you will_____.
A．suffer from dishonesty
B．become very attractive
C．influence honest people
D．have attractive friends
小題3:The example in the last paragraph is used to prove that______.
A．we should always tell the truth
B．John is not a trustworthy person
C．telling lies causes pain on someone else
D．sometimes we can't be completely honest
小題4:What is the main idea of the passage?
A．We should be economical with the truth.
B．People can gain from dishonesty.
C．Honesty helps you develop.
D．Trust produces confidence.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table，I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation．At one point the woman asked，“So，how have you been?" And the boy -who could not have been more than seven or eight years old-replied．“Frankly, I've been feeling a little depressed lately．"
This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing．As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were “depressed”，that is，in low spirits，until we were in high school．
Undoubtedly a change in children has increased steadily in recent years．Children don't seem childlike anymore．Children speak more like adults，dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to．
Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different．Childhood as it once was no longer exists．Why?
Human development is depended not only on born biological states，but also on patterns of gaining social knowledge．Movement from one social role to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new social posifions．Children have always been taught adult secrets，but slowly and in stages；traditionally,we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders．
In the last 30 years，however, a secret-revelation(揭示)machine has been equipped in 98 percent of American homes．It is called television．Television passes information to all viewers allke，whether they are children or adults．Unable to resist the temptation(誘惑)，many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging，more attractive moving pictures．
Communication through print，as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information which children will gain．Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials．
小題1:According to the author, feeling depressed is      ．
A．a(chǎn) sure sign of a mental problem in a child
B．a(chǎn) mental state present in all humans, including children
C．something that cannot be avoided in children’s mental development
D．something hardly to be expected in a young child
小題2:Traditionally, a child is supposed to learn about the adult world     ．
A．through connection with society
B．gradually and under guidance
C．naturally without being taught
D．through watching television
小題3:According to the author’that today’s children seem adultlike results from   ．
A．the widespread influence of television
B．the poor arrangement of teaching content
C．the fast pace of human scientific development
D．the rising standard of living
小題4:What does the anthor think of communication through print for children?
A．It enables children to gain more social information．
B．It develops children’s interest in reading and writing．
C．It helps chlldren to read and write well
D．It can control what children are to learn．
小題5:What does the author think of the change in today’s children?
A．He feels their adultlike behavior is so funny．
B．He thinks the change worthy of note．
C．He considers it a rapid development．
D．He seems to be upset about it．

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Three-point-four billion riders on New York City subways and buses a year. This amazing number equals one-third of all mass transit trips in the United States. Ridership is at its highest in almost 60 years in almost every American city.
A commuter advocacy group, “Straphangers Campaign,” attributes it to younger Americans, said Gene Russianoff.
“Millenials（千禧一代）, those people born around the turn of the past century are much less car-oriented," he said. "They are urban. They like not owning cars, they like less responsibility and there are a lot of them."
In addition to millenials, many people believe public transit is economical and eco-friendly. In 2012 across America, people took 10.7 billion trips.
“When we talk about insurance rates going up, price of automobiles going up, then people are waking up and realizing: wait, here’s this huge asset(優(yōu)點)that has been underutilized," said Richard Rudolph, chairman of the Rail Users Network. "Why not take advantage of this particular opportunity. It certainly makes more sense to get people out of automobiles into subways and into commuter and passenger railroads.”
New York is not standing still -- as passenger demand requires several major expansion projects. A new $4.5 billion subway line on New York’s Second Avenue -- which was recently excavated underneath businesses and apartment houses -- will take an overload of passengers off of other subway lines. Its first phase completion is scheduled in 2016.
People who work in New York’s financial district will soon be using a new transit subway transfer center. Almost all lines converge in lower Manhattan and the new center will give riders an easier way to get around the city and into New Jersey.
And, probably the most controversial and costly project is a $7 billion tunnel connection from Long Island into Manhattan’s Grand Central Terminal. Trains from there will have access to New York’s midtown business district.
Andrew Albert, a board member of the Metropolitan Transit Authority, said there were many other reasons the public was riding in increasing numbers.
“The system has gotten a lot more dependable. We have new cars. We have countdown clocks to tell you when the next train is coming. We have expanded facilities in places," he said.
New York’s 24-hour, 7-day-a-week, transit system costs a $1.5 billion a year to maintain. It is one of the world’s oldest, with its first subway line having opened in 1904.
小題1:Who is more likely to use public transmit?
A.People living in suburb          B.American young people     
B.People living in the countryside     D.American old people.
小題2:What does the underlined word in the 5th paragragh “underutilized” mean?
A．Not be put forwardB．not be noticed
C．not be made full use ofD．not be thought of
小題3:What does the underlined sentence in the 6th paragragh “New York is not standing still” mean?
A．New York is taking action to expand public transmit.
B．New York will encourage more people to use public transmit.
C．New York will make public transmit faster.
D．New York is waking up and realizing the importance of public transmit.
小題4:Which is Not the reason why the public is riding subways and buses in increasing numbers.
A．Public transport facilities are better than before.
B．Many people believe public transit is economical and eco-friendly.
C．The system has gotten a lot more dependable.
D．It is more convenient to ride city subways and buses.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Whether we should allow marine (海洋的) parks to stay open has been widely debated in our community recently. A variety of different arguments have been put forward about it.
Smith, a sociologist, argued that dolphin parks provide the only opportunity for much of the public to see marine mammals.  As this argument goes, most Australians live in cities and never get to see these animals. Marine parks allow the average Australian to appreciate our marine wildlife. However, in fact, there are many places where they can be seen in the wild. Moreover, these places do not charge an overpriced entry fee — they are free.
Dr. Alison Lane, the director of the Cairns Marine Science Institute, insists that we need marine parks for scientific research. She argues that much of our knowledge of marine mammals comes from studies which were undertaken at marine parks. The knowledge which is obtained at marine parks can be useful for planning for the preservation of marine mammal species. However, Jones, a zoologist, explains that park research is only useful for understanding captive animals and is not useful for learning about animals in the wild. Their diets are different, they have significantly lower life lengths and they are more likely to have a disease. In addition, marine mammals in dolphin parks are trained and this means that their patterns of social behaviour are changed.
The Marine Park Owners Association holds that marine parks attract a lot of foreign tourists. This position goes on to state that these tourists spend a lot of money, increasing our foreign exchange earnings and assisting our national balance of payments. However, foreign tourists would still come to Australia if the parks were closed down. Indeed, surveys of overseas tourists show that they come here for a variety of other reasons and not to visit places like Seaworld. Tourists come here to see our native wildlife in its natural environment and not to see it in cages and concrete pools. They can see animals in those conditions in their own countries.
In a word, perhaps an agreement cannot be reached now. However, a question does deserve our consideration: If we continue with our past crimes against these creatures, how will our future generations view us?
小題1:Who support(s) the idea of closing marine parks?
A．Most Australians.B．Alison Lane.C．Smith.D．Jones.
小題2:What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 3 ?
A．The results from studies are valuable in animal preservation.
B．Scientific research at the marine parks has its limitations.
C．Captive animals have biology changes in marine parks.
D．Human behavior causes harmful effects on the animals.
小題3:Which is NOT the reason to keep marine parks?
A．For entertainment purpose.B．For scientific research purpose.
C．For economic purpose.D．For political purpose.
小題4:The author tries to persuade readers to accept his argument mainly by             .
A．pointing out the problems with keeping the marine parks
B．using evidence he has collected at the marine parks
C．discussing the advantages of animals' natural homes
D．questioning the way the animals are studied

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