15．Multitasking
People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once，a new research suggests．The findings，based on performances and self-evaluation by about 275college students，indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity，but because they are easily distracted （分心） and can't focus on one activity．And"those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things，"said David Sanbonmatsu，a psychologist at the University of Utah．
Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report how often they multitasked，how good they thought they were at it，and how sensation-seeking （尋求刺激） or imperative （沖動(dòng)）
they were．They then evaluated the participants'multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters．
Not surprisingly，the scientists said，most people thought they were better than average at multitasking，and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once．But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test．They also were more likely to admit to sensation-seeking and impulsive behavior，which connects with how easily people get bored and distracted．
"People multitask not because it's going to lead to greater productivity，but because they're distractible，and they get sucked into things that are not as important．"Sanbonmatsu said．
Adam Gazzaley，a researcher at the University of California，San Francisco，who was not a member of the research group，said one limitation of the study was that it couldn't find out whether people who start out less focusedtoward multitasking or whether people's recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking．
The findings do suggest，however，why the sensation-seeker who multitask the most may enjoy risky distracted driving．"People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations．"said Paul Atchley，another researcher not in the group．"This may partly explain why people go in for these situations even though they're dangerous．"
67．The research led by Sanbonmatsu indicates that people who multitaskD．
A．seek high productivity constantly
B．prefer handling different things when getting bored
C．a(chǎn)re more focused when doing many things at a time
D．have the poorest results in doing various things at the same time
68．When Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues conducted their research，theyA．
A．a(chǎn)ssessed the multitasking ability of the students
B．evaluated the academic achievements of the students
C．a(chǎn)nalyzed the effects of the participants'tricky mental tasks
D．measured the changes of the students'understanding ability
69．According to Sanbonmatsu，people multitask because of theirC．
A．limited power in calculation
B．interests in doing things differently
C．inability to concentrate on one task
D．impulsive desire to try new things
70．From the last paragraph，we can learn that multitaskers usuallyC．
A．drive very skillfully
B．go in for different tasks
C．fail to react quickly to potential dangers
D．refuse to explain the reasons for their behavior．
分析 本文是說(shuō)明文，中國(guó)有句古語(yǔ)云：一心不可二用．而最近的一項(xiàng)研究就表明．那些經(jīng)常一心多用的人往往就是同時(shí)做兩件事做的最糟糕的人．正是因?yàn)椴荒軐?zhuān)注于一件事，才會(huì)同時(shí)多做幾件事，結(jié)果可想而知．
解答 67．D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第一段第一句話(huà)"People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once"可知，一心多用，往往會(huì)把事情做得更糟糕．故選D．
68．A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第二段最后一句話(huà)"They then evaluated the participants'multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters．"可知，然后他們要這些學(xué)生一面做一些數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算，一面記憶一組字母，用這個(gè)很刁難的方法來(lái)測(cè)試這些學(xué)生一心多用的能力．和A項(xiàng)意思一致，故選A．
69．C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第一段第二句的"but because they are easily distracted （分心） and can't focus on on activity．"可知，許多人一心多用，并不是因?yàn)樗麄兿胍鰪?qiáng)工作生產(chǎn)量，而是因?yàn)樗麄兒苋菀追中幕蚴遣荒軐?zhuān)注于做一件事．故選C．
70．C 推理判斷題．由最后一段的"People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations．"一心多用的人一般對(duì)危險(xiǎn)的情形不太敏感．可知，對(duì)危險(xiǎn)的事情，一心多用者往往對(duì)潛在的危險(xiǎn)不能迅速判斷．故選C．
點(diǎn)評(píng) 解答細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)，一個(gè)常用的方法就是運(yùn)用定位法，即根據(jù)題干和選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子，與選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行比較從而確定答案；推理判斷題既要求學(xué)生透過(guò)文章表面文字信息推測(cè)文章隱含意思，又要求學(xué)生對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖及文章細(xì)節(jié)的發(fā)展作正確的推理判斷，力求從作者的角度去考慮，不要固守自己的看法或觀點(diǎn)．
