【題目】When I first began excavating(挖掘)I went to a site 1 had been occupied between 200 BC and 43 AD by the Roman soldiers. I quickly learned there was an important 2(divide) of labor on “digs”. Those who were 3(skill) at drawing did the plans of the site and 4 rest had to move vast quantities of soil. As I looked ahead, I realized that I would get very 5(tire) if I moved soil all day. so I decided to join the group drawing plans. 6(lucky) for me, a spear was found in my section of “dig”. I 7(tell) to draw it in a systematic way on squared mathematical paper. No matter how much I wrinkled my forehead and concentrated, I could not get it right. Later the section leader handed me a small hammer and asked me to remove the soil 8(stick) around a metal box. What I finally exposed was a rare Roman necklace in it, I felt dizzy with excitement. After that I never mind 9(move) soil—after all you never knew 10 you might find in it.

【答案】

1which/that

2division

3skillful/skilful/skilled

4the

5tired

6Luckily

7was told

8stuck

9moving

10what

【解析】

本文屬于記敘文,講述作者第一次參與遺址的發(fā)掘發(fā)現(xiàn)有著不同的分工,作者因為不能勝任臨摹文物的工作,只能去清理文物上的泥土,但是作者并不介意。

1考查定語從句。句意:我第一次開始從事發(fā)掘時,我去了一個遺址,里面全是公元前200年到公元43年的羅馬士兵。分析句子可知,had been occupied between 200 BC and 43 AD by the Roman soldiers.為限制性定語從句修飾先行詞site,而從句缺乏主語,故用關(guān)系代詞that或者which。

2考查名詞。句意:很快我學(xué)到了發(fā)掘有很重要的勞動分工。根據(jù)本句important為形容詞做定語修飾名詞,故用division。

3考查形容詞。句意:那些擅長畫畫的人就做對遺址的計劃,而剩下的人則搬運(yùn)泥土。本句為短語be skilful at或者be skilled at方面有技巧,故用skillful或者skilful,或者skilled。注意skill的形容詞為skilful或者skillful。

4考查定冠詞。句意:那些擅長畫畫的人就做對遺址的計劃,而剩下的人則搬運(yùn)泥土。根據(jù)語境可知,發(fā)掘遺址有兩種分工,除了規(guī)劃的人,剩余的人搬運(yùn)泥土,故用定冠詞the。

5考查形容詞。句意:我朝前看了一下,發(fā)現(xiàn)如果整天搬運(yùn)泥土的話,我很非常疲憊。Get為系動詞,后接形容詞,故用tired。

6考查副詞。句意:幸運(yùn)的是,在我發(fā)掘的區(qū)域,發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只矛。分析句子,lucky作評注性狀語修飾整個句子,故用其副詞形式luckily。

7考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:我被告知需要在一張正方形的紙上系統(tǒng)性的把這只矛臨摹下來。分析句子可知,該句缺乏謂語,故tell作謂語,與其主語I為動賓關(guān)系,用被動語態(tài),本文講述過去的事情,故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)was told。

8考查動詞非謂語。句意:后來項目組長遞給我一把錘子,叫我清除一個金屬盒子間的泥土。分析句子可知,stick作后置定語修飾名詞soil,與其邏輯主語soil為動賓關(guān)系,故用其過去分詞stuck。

9考查動詞非謂語形式。句意:那以后,我就不介意清除泥土了,因為你不知道泥土里藏著什么東西。本句為mind 的用法mind doing sth介意做某事,故用moving。

10考查名詞性從句。句意:那以后,我就不介意清除泥土了,因為你不知道泥土里藏著什么東西。分析句子可知,you might find in it作knew的賓語,而從句中缺乏find 的賓語,故用連接代詞what。

關(guān)于非謂語動詞的解題技巧。非謂語動詞是高中英語的重點(diǎn),也是難點(diǎn),掌握其基本知識和基本技巧,那么這類題還是可以做的。首先,了解非謂語的三種基本形式及其意義,to do表示要做,與謂語動詞同時進(jìn)行或者后于謂語動詞動作,doing表主動,與謂語動詞動作同時進(jìn)行,done表示被動和完成;其次,關(guān)于做題技巧和步驟,先分析句子的成分和結(jié)構(gòu),確定句子的主語、謂語以及賓語,之后,確定涉及的動詞不是做謂語,那么只能作非謂語,分析該動詞與其邏輯主語的邏輯關(guān)系,若為主謂關(guān)系,則為主動,如是動賓關(guān)系,則是被動,然后在分析該動詞與謂語動詞動作的先后順序,先于謂語動詞動作,則用完成式,比如to have done,having done,如果同時進(jìn)行,則用doing,或者to be doing,后于謂語動詞,則用to do,最后需注意個別不及物動詞,沒有過去分詞形式,比如belong。

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