【題目】語法填空

When people hear the word 'rat', they may think of dirty animals that spread disease. And if you are an English learner, you may also connect the word 'rat' with bad 【1】 (express). For example, calling someone a 'rat' is 【2】 big insult and 'rat race' describes a joyless, hurried way of living. So rats 【3】 (general) are not beloved animals either in life or the English language. But the rat trainers at the nonprofit organization, APOPO, see the animals very differently.

Based on Tanzania, APOPO trains giant rats 【4】 (find) landmines. Humans 【5】 (use) metal-searching devices to do this work for years. But rats--- it turns out--- do it better. And they also cost 【6】 (little) money. APOPO estimates that worldwide there are 110 million 【7】 (hide) explosives (爆炸物) left over from wars. These explosives are still 'live', or able to explode. The work that APOPO does is really important in spreading the fact 【8】 rats are not just a pest. They really are 【9】 (hero) and they show us every day that they are worthy 【10】 that name.

【答案】

【1】expressions

【2】a

【3】generally

【4】to find

【5】have used / have been using

【6】less

【7】hidden

【8】that

【9】heroes

【10】of

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。通常情況下老鼠都是不受歡迎的動物，但APOPO的老鼠訓練師有不同的看法，經(jīng)過訓練的老鼠可以發(fā)現(xiàn)地雷等隱藏的爆炸物，它們也可以為人們做好事。

【1】考查名詞的數(shù)。此處應填名詞作為介詞with的賓語，又expression作為“表達”時可數(shù)，結(jié)合語境判斷此處應用復數(shù)形式，故填expressions。

【2】考查冠詞。結(jié)合上下文可知，此處意為“叫某人老鼠是一個很大的辱罵”，是泛指，應用不定冠詞，又big是元音音素開頭，故填a。

【3】考查副詞。此處應填副詞修飾動詞，故填generally。

【4】考查不定式。此處考查短語train sb. to do sth.“訓練某人做某事”，其中不定式是賓補，故填to find。

【5】考查現(xiàn)在完成時。此處是句子謂語動詞，根據(jù)for years判斷為現(xiàn)在完成時，也可理解為現(xiàn)在完成進行時，主語humans是復數(shù)，故填have used/ have been using。

【6】考查形容詞比較級。此處應填形容詞修飾名詞money，根據(jù)前文的better判斷此處應用比較級，故填less。

【7】考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應用非謂語動詞作定語，邏輯主語explosives和hide之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作定語，故填hidden。

【8】考查同位語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是同位語從句連接詞，從句rats are not just a pest.成分和意義都完整，應用連接詞that，故填that。

【9】考查名詞的數(shù)。此處應填名詞作表語，由are判斷用復數(shù)形式，故填heroes。

【10】考查介詞。此處考查短語be worthy of“值……”，故填of。

第8小題考查同位語從句的連接詞。確定同位語從句的連接詞一般分為三步：分析從句成分；結(jié)合句意選出連接詞；考慮特殊情況。以本題為例：

分析從句成分：從句成分完整rats are not just a pest

結(jié)合句意：“APOPO所做的工作在傳播事實方面很重要，這個事實就是老鼠不僅僅是有害的動物”句子意義完整，用that引導

考慮特殊情況：無

故填that

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