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根據(jù)下面每句句意、漢語提示或英語解釋，寫出空白處所缺單詞的正確形式，每空一詞。

1.Don’t be_______ （害羞） when you speak English to foreign friends.

2.September is the ______ （九） month of a year．

3.Hurry up, we only have a few _______ （分鐘）left.

4.In my __________（a personal idea, view or impression）, he is the best football player in the world today.

5.We are strongly against dropping litter ______ （here and there）.

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“Got it?” Professor Smith says, “______, let’s move on to the next part.”

A. If not B. If anything C. If ever D. If so

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If you were given a chance to choose your favorite life metaphor(比喻), what would it be? Do you agree with Forrest Gump’s mother that life is “a box of chocolates” because “you never know what you’re going to get”? Or do you prefer the phrase from the 1930’s song that “l(fā)ife is just a bowl of cherries(櫻桃)”? Though simply stated, each conveys a very different view. A “box” implies mystery, because we don’t know what is in a closed box. Meanwhile, a “bowl” of cherries is completely in view.

For many centuries, the metaphor of life that probably burst into most people’s mind was the one suggested by Shakespeare: “All of life is a stage…” On that stage, we take seven roles. More recently, psychologist Erik Erikson took up the idea of life as a stage. Erikson regarded development as a “powerful unfolding” in which we are driven from one stage to the next as our bodies, minds, and social roles develop.

Stage metaphors fit with many of our common-sense ideas about change, but the problem with the stage metaphor is that it isn’t particularly accurate. None of the studies that try to clarify the universality of adult life stages actually studied people as they developed over time. All of them were based on performances of their samples(樣本) at one point in time. People’s actual lives don’t fit into these stage metaphors. They don’t automatically transform when people reach a certain age. Instead, people’s real lives are messy, unpredictable, and full of surprises.

Today, I’d like to focus on an even longer study, an 80-year study which is the subject of a recent book by Howard Friedman and Leslie Martin. Their final chapter summarizes the “many changes of healthy and unhealthy pathways” that their participants took over the course of their lives. As I too discovered in my research, the pathway provides a perfect metaphor of human development. We don’t all go down the same road marked with the same signposts based on age. People travel through diverse routes as they track the years of adulthood. Friedman and Martin use health and long life as their measure; I’ve used sense of achievement. In both cases, we are in perfect agreement in evaluating development not according to age but “the key features of life”.

The paths that Friedman and Martin describe seize the changes that characterize people as they age. Some examples are “The High Road” (reliable, full of plans); “Not Easy Street” (exposed to high stress throughout life), “Catastrophe Lane” (a downwardly twisty life); “Happy Trails to You” (cheerful, sociable), “The Road to Resilience” (able to handle stress with a strong will). Though I haven’t yet been able to follow my participants for 80 years, I too saw some of these pathways among my samples: “The Minding Way” , “The Downward Slope” , “The Straight and Narrow Path” , and “The Successful Trail”.

The pathway metaphor gives you hope for changing the direction of your life if you are unhappy with it so far. You can’t stop the clock from ticking the minutes between one birthday and the next, but you can adjust the road that you’re on by changing yourself, your situation, or both.

1.The author introduces the topic of the passage in the first paragraph by ______.

A. making comparisons B. giving examples

C. describing scenes D. providing explanations

2.According to the passage, the “stage metaphor” ______.

A. leads to misunderstandings

B. is used in memory of Shakespeare

C. doesn’t exactly reflect one’s real life

D. hasn’t enough stages to clarify life changes

3.The author is convinced of the life metaphor Friedman and Martin suggest because she ______.

A. spent less time on her research B. has found their book a bestseller

C. considers their measure more scientific D. got a similar finding to theirs

4.When a person is facing difficulties bravely, which metaphor can best describe him?

A. “Not Easy Street” B. “Happy Trails to You”

C. “Catastrophe Lane” D. “The Road to Resilience”

5.What does the passage focus on?

A. The pathway as a perfect life metaphor.

B. Various views on life metaphors.

C. The stage as a common life metaphor.

D. Different kinds of life metaphors.

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For nearly ten years, he ______ very few interviews or concerts. His simple life might have continued but for the great musician.

A. did B. has done C. does D. has been doing

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食物浪費是全世界一個嚴肅的問題。為此，開始于去年1月的光盤行動在網絡上呼吁人們減少食物浪費。下面請根據(jù)所提供的材料，以 “How to reduce food waste”為題，寫一篇80詞的短文，并提出你的看法或者建議。

1．在餐館不要點太多的食物；

2．如果你不能吃完所點的食物，那就把剩余的帶回家；

3．對食物不要太挑剔，一些食物也許嘗起來不怎么，但你的身體需要；

4．留意家里的食物，不要買的太多，特別是蔬菜和水果；

注意：1．文章開頭已經給出，不計入總詞數(shù)；

2．可適當增加細節(jié)，保持連貫；

3．文中不得出現(xiàn)真實的姓名和學校。

參考詞匯：reduce減少； rest 剩余的； picky 挑剔的; keep an eye on 注意、留意。

How to reduce food waste

Wasting food is a serious problem around the world. The Clean Your Plate Campaign began on the Internet in January last year. It calls on people to reduce food waste. So we must do the following.

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

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科目：高中英語 來源：2014-2015學年山東棗莊市學業(yè)水平模擬考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

No Car Day was first started by 34 cities in France on September 22, 1998．It was started to protect the environment. By now, more than 1,000 cities around the world have had a No Car Day.

The first No Car Day in China was in Chengdu in 2001．Other cities, including Taipai, Shanghai and Wuhan, also support the day.

In Beijing, more and more people are joining the campaign（運動）. It asks drivers to leave their cars at home for one day each month and walk or ride a bike to work. It also calls on Beijingers not to use cars on June 5 （World Environment Day）. The slogan for the day is, “If we drive for one less day, we can have one more nice day.”

So far, more than 200,000 drivers have shown their support. “We can’t control the weather, but we can choose not to drive,” said Wu Zonghua, a car club chairman. Beijing is trying to have 238 blue sky days this year. In the first quarter of 2012, Beijing only had 52 blue sky days. This was 11 days less than the number for the same period the year before. Much of the dust（灰塵） comes from the desert, but cars cause most of the air pollution. We must do more for No Car Day.

1.The first No Car Day fell on _______.

A．February 2nd B．June 5th C．September 22nd

2._______ was the first city to have No Car Day in China.

A．Beijing B．Chengdu C．Shanghai

3.What does the underlined word “slogan” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A．目的 B．原因 C．口號

4.How many blue sky days did Beijing have in the first quarter of 2011?

A．63． B．52． C．41．

5.Which of the following statements is True?

A．China is the first country to start No Car Day.

B．Much of the dust in the air comes from cars.

C．No Car Day has been supported by over 1,000 cities around the world so far.

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—Oh, I’m sorry for being late.

—It doesn’t matter. The film for just five minutes.

A．started B．has started C．has been on

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Dear Reader,

I receive many letters from children and can’t answer them all—there wouldn’t be time enough in a day．That is why I am sending you this printed reply to your letter．I’ll try to answer some of the questions that are commonly asked.

Where did I get the idea for Stuart Little and for Charlotte’s Web? Well, many years ago I went to bed one night in a railway sleeping car, and during the night I dreamed about a tiny boy who acted rather like a mouse．That’s how the story of Stuart Little got started.

As for Charlotte’s Web, I like animals and my barn（谷倉）is a very pleasant place to be, at all hours．One day when I was on my way to feed the pig, I began feeling sorry for the pig because, like most pigs, he was doomed to die．This made me sad．So I started thinking of ways to save a pig’s life．I had been watching a big grey spider at her work and was impressed by how clever she was at weaving．Gradually I worked the spider into the story that you know, a story of friendship and salvation（拯救）on a farm．Three years after I started writing it, it was published．（I am not a fast worker, as you can see.）

Sometimes I’m asked how old I was when I started to write, and what made me want to write．I started early—as soon as I could spell．In fact, I can’t remember any time in my life when I wasn’t busy writing．I don’t know what caused me to do it, or why I enjoyed it, but I think children often find pleasure and satisfaction in trying to set their thoughts down on paper, either in words or in pictures．I was no good at drawing, so I used words instead．As I grew older, I found that writing can be a way of earning a living.

Some of my readers want me to visit their school．Some want me to send a picture, or an autograph, or a book．And some ask questions about my family and my animals and my pets．Much as I’d like to, I can’t go visiting．I can’t send books, either—you can find them in a bookstore or a library．Many children assume that a writer owns （or even makes） his own books．This is not true—books are made by the publisher．If a writer wants a copy, he must buy it．That’s why I can’t send books．And I do not send signatures—I leave that to the movie stars．I live most of the year in the country, in New England．From our windows we can look out at the sea and the mountains．I live near my married son and three grandchildren.

Are my stories true, you ask? No, they are imaginary tales, containing fantastic characters and events．In real life, a family doesn’t have a child who looks like a mouse; in real life, a spider doesn’t spin words in her web．In real life, a swan doesn’t blow a trumpet．But real life is only one kind of life—there is also the life of the imagination．And although my stories are imaginary, I like to think that there is some truth in them, too—truth about the way people and animals feel and think and act.

Yours sincerely：E.B．White

1.The author wrote the letter because _________.

A．he is not a fast worker

B．he was invited to answer the questions

C．he didn’t have enough time to answer all the letters

D．he felt sorry for not being able to send books to his readers

2.What probably caused the writer to get interested in writing children’s book?

A．Writing can be a way to earn his living．

B．The fact that he was not good at drawing．

C．His mother influence on his childhood.

D．The instinct of children.

3.From Para.5, we can learn that ＿＿＿＿.

A．many famous people like to visit schools

B．movie stars will send autographs to readers

C．many people think authors have copies of their own books

D．the author lives with his married son and three grandchildren

4.In the last paragraph, the author is trying to tell us ____ .

A．we only have one kind of life

B．there is no truth in imaginary tales

C．imaginary tales are based on our true life

D．fantastic characters and events only exist in imaginary tales

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科目：高中英語 來源：2014-2015學年遼寧朝陽三校協(xié)作體高三下第一次聯(lián)合模擬英語試卷（解析版） 題型：語法填空

Joyce: What do you think of the lead teacher’s speech?

Caroline: I think it was _1.__ (interest).

Joyce: __2._ do I. I hear Mike is likely to win all the prizes in the exams this year.

Caroline: Yes, his teacher says so. He __3.__ (work) hard at his lessons every evening for months. He wants to go to Oxford University next year.

Joyce: I hope he will realize his goal.

Caroline: I hope so. _4. I think he works too hard. I hope he’ll go out and enjoy __5.__ for a change. How about your son Carl?

Joyce: Don’t mention him. Carl never starts studying.

Caroline: You’re joking. I heard that Carl _6.__ (win) the composition prize.

Joyce: You have made _7.__ mistake. That is White Carl. My son is Brown Carl. The whites live in the same community __8.__ we do. White Carl has always been so hard working. He wants to be a __9.__ (write). My son likes going to the concert. He only likes singing.

Caroline: _10.__ he practices singing, he will become a singer in the future.

Joyce: Not all people can become a singer. I don’t think he has the talent.

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