In a surprising discovery about where higher life can survive, scientists have found a shrimp —— like creature and a jellyfish swimming beneath an Antarctic ice sheet.
About 180 meters below the ice where no light can get through, scientists had thought nothing much more than a few microbes (微生物) could exist.
That’s why a NASA team was surprised when they lowered a video camera to get the first long look at the underbelly of an ice sheet in Antarctica. A curious shrimp – like creature came swimming by and then parked itself on the camera’s cable. Scientists also pulled up a tentacle (觸須) they believe came from a jellyfish.
“We were operating on the presumption that nothing’s there.” Said NASA ice scientist Robert Bindschadler. “It was a shrimp you’d enjoy having on your plate.”
“We were just gaga (狂熱的) over it,” he said of the 7.5cm long, orange creature starring in their two – minute video. Technically, it’s not a shrimp. It’s a Lyssianasid amphipod, which is distantly related to the shrimp.
The video is likely to inspire experts to rethink what they know about life in harsh environments. And it has scientists thinking that if shrimp – like creatures can live below 180 meters of Antarctic ice in freezing dark water, what about other cold places? What about Europa, a frozen moon of Jupiter?
Cynan Ellis – Evans, a scientist of the British Antarctic Survey called the finding fascinating. He said it was possible the creatures swam in from far away and don’t live there permanently.
But Kim, who is a co-author of the study, doubts it. “The site in West Antarctica is at least 19 km from open seas. Bindschadler drilled a 20 cm – wide hole and was looking at a tiny amount of water. That means it’s unlikely that two creatures swam from great distances and were captured randomly in that small of an area,” she said.
Yet scientist were puzzled at what the food source would be for these creatures. While some microbes can make their own food out of chemicals in the ocean, complex life like the shrimp can’t, Kim said.
“So how do they survive? That’s the key question.” Kim Sai.
“It’s pretty amazing when you find a huge puzzle like that on a planet where we thought we know everything.” Kim said.
小題1: What does the underlined word “harsh” probably mean?
A．coldB．loudC．cruelD．ugly
小題2:According to Kim, the shrimp – like creature        .
A．swam great distances to AntarcticB．has always lived in the region
C．gradually evolved from shrimpsD．has nothing in common with shrimps
小題3:The finding is significant in that           .
A．it marks NASA’S first Antarctic biological study
B．it proves there is marine life in the Antarctic
C．it could inspire further study of life in harsh environments
D．it shows that Lyssianasid amphipod is closely related to shrimps
小題4:Which of the following statements about the discovery is FALSE?
A．Complex life usually lives on other forms of life.
B．Scientists saw two creatures in the two – minute video.
C．It is possible for creatures to live 180 meters below the ice though there is no light.
D．Scientists captured the shrimp – like creature in a camera by drilling a hole through the ice.
小題1:A小題2:B小題3:C小題4:B
略
練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Botany, the study of plants, occupies a special position in the history of human knowledge. For many thousands of years it was the one field of awareness about which humans had anything more than the vaguest (含糊的) of insight. It is impossible to know today just what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of pre-industrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must extremely ancient. This is logical. Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things, even for other plants. They have always been enormously important to the welfare of peoples, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, eyes, medicines, shelter, and a great many other purposes. Tribes living today in the jungles of the Amazon recognized accurately hundreds of plants and know many properties of each. To them, botany, as such, has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of knowledge at all.
Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from direct contact with plants, and the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose, an apple, or an orchid. When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer productions the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them flowed the wonder of agriculture; cultivated crops. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the built up knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and close relationship with plants in the wild would begin fade away.
1. Which of the following statements about early humans is expressed in the passage?
A. They probably had extensive knowledge of plants.    
B. They thought there was no need to cultivate crops.     
C. They did not enjoy the study of botany.      
D. They placed great importance on the ownership of property.
2. What does the comment “This is logical.” In the first paragraph mean?
A. There is no clear way to determine the extent of our ancestor’s knowledge of plants.           
B. It is not surprising that early humans had a detailed knowledge of plants.
C. It is reasonable to assume that our ancestors behaved very much like people in pre-industrial societies.       
D. Human knowledge of plants is well organized and very detailed.
3. According to the passage, why has general knowledge of botany begun to fade?
A. People no longer value plants as a useful resource.       
B. Botany is not recognized as a special branch of science.
C. Research is unable to keep up with the increasing numbers of plants.
D. Direct contact with a variety of plants has decreased.
4. In the second paragraph, what is the author’s purpose in mentioning “ a rose, an apple, or an orchid”?
A. To make the passage more poetic.
B. To give an example of plant that are attractive.
C. To give botanical examples that all readers will recognize.
D. To explain the variety of botanical life.
5. According to the passage, what was the first great step toward the practice of agriculture?
A. The invention of agricultural tools and machinery.       
B. The development of a system of names for plants.
C. The discovery of grasses that could be harvested and replanted.         
D. The changing diets of early humans.   

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Protecting Copyright
Having finished her homework, Ma Li wants some music for relaxation （娛樂(lè)）. As usual, she starts her computer and goes to Baidu.com to download music files. But this time she is surprised when an announcement about protecting songs’ copyright bursts onto the screen. The age of free music and movie downloads may have come to an end as Web companies like Baidu are accused of pirating copyright. Lawsuits（訴訟） have been filed against four websites offering free downloads. In September 2005, a Beijing court ordered Baidu to pay recording company Shanghai Push compensation for their losses. Baidu was also told to block the links to the pirated music on the website. This caused a heated discussion on Interact file sharing.
“Baidu’s defeat in the lawsuit shows it is not right to get copyrighted songs without paying. Downloaders may face lawsuits or fines,” said an official.
Like many teens, Huang Ruoru, an 18-year-old girl from Puning in Guangdong Province, doesn’t think that getting music from websites is wrong. She always shares her favourite songs downloaded from Baidu with her friends. When told about the lawsuit, she began to feel a little guilty about obtaining others’ work without paying.
However, other teenagers have different ideas. Wang Yafei, a Senior 2 girl from Jinan, Shandong Province pointed out that file sharing is a good way to promote pop singers. “If I download a song and really like it, I will buy the CD,” she said. “So what the recording companies really should concentrate on is improving their music, rather than pursuing （追趕）file-sharers.”
1. Which of the following best describes the passage?
A. Music on the Internet is of better quality.    
B. Downloading material can be illegal.
C. It’s good to get free music on the Internet.        
D. Baidu is a popular web company.
2. The four web companies were put to court because _________.
A. they got copyrighted songs without paying           
B. they downloaded copyrighted music for people
C. they make copyrighted files for free downloads
D. they offer free music on line
3. How do some of the teenagers feel while downloading free music after the lawsuit?
A. A bit guilty.        B. A little sad.      C. Extremely angry.   D. Awfully sorry.
4. What’s the advantage of file sharing for recording companies?
A. Getting more money from web companies.    
B. Enabling people to download favorite songs.
C. Helping to improve the music.               
D. Making pop singers more popular.
5. It can be inferred from the text that _________.
A. Web companies are still ignoring the copyright laws.
B. Teenagers haven’t got money to buy CDs.
C. Teenagers are probably still downloading free music.
D. Teenagers prefer CDs with copyright to pirated music.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


The Peppered Moth, a kind of insect, is found in England. It is light brown in color and likes to settle on trees which are also light brown. This makes the moth difficult to be seen and birds are less likely to notice and eat it.
But with the development of industry, smoke from factories began to reach the trees where the moth settled. It made the trees blacker. Then something very strange took place: in industrial areas, the Peppered Moth began to change color. It became darker as well. Although the change took several years, some scientists soon noticed that newly-born moths were a little darker than usual.
A scientist called Kettle Well decided to make a careful study of this. He marked some of the light moths and some of the darker ones, and set them free in the woods near Birmingham, an industrial city. Later he retarget as many the marked moths as possible ( The result was given in the chart ).
Kettle Well’s research was done in the early 1950s. Soon afterwards Britain introduced new laws to reduce smoke and factory pollution.
Can you imagine what would happen to the Peppered Moth as the air became cleaner again? 
 
light moths
darker moths
Moths set free
201
601
Moths recaught
34 ( 16%)
206 ( 34%)
1. The trees where the Peppered Moth settled changed their color because _____________________________.
A. the Peppered Moth changed its color
B. the Peppered Moth couldn’t be easily found on them
C. industry in England developed quickly 
D. the smoke from factories polluted them
2. The Peppered Moth began to change its color in industrial areas because   _____________________________.
A. it changed its color all the time   
B. it was fond of the color of its living place
C. it had to protect itself by doing so 
D. it was a special sort of insect
3. From the results of Kettle Well’s research, we can see that _________________.
A. many more of the light moths were killed or eaten
B. more than one-fifth of the light moths escaped being killed
C. three times as many dark moths were kept safe as light ones
D. more dark moths were killed in industrial areas
4. Kettle Well’s work gives us a good example of _________________________.
A. Air Pollution  B. Choice of Color   C. Laws of Nature  D. Changing Insects
5. As the air became cleaner, _________________________.
A. the number of the light moths increased
B. the total number of the light moths remained unchanged
C. more of the darker moths would be recaught
D. the darker moths changed into the light ones before long

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


The magnitude 7.9 quake struck Sichuan province on May 12 at around noontime, which may have increased the human death toll because many people were at school, and the school buildings turned out to be not firm enough to collapse because of poor construction. More than 69,000 people have been confirmed dead so far, and more than 374,000 injured, with fears of further disasters because several lakes created by rockfall dams may give way and cause sudden flooding.
Clark Burchfiel, Schlumberger Professor of Geology, and Leigh Royden, professor of geology and geophysics in the Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences at MIT, have been doing extensive research in that region of China and the Tibetan plateau(高原) for more than two decades, but had found no signs that suggested such a large earthquake might strike the area.
The team operated 25 broadband seismograph (地震儀) stations in this region of western Sichuan for more than a year. "Nobody was thinking there would be a major earthquake in that area," Royden says. "This earthquake was quite unusual, and may have involved a simultaneously（同時(shí)發(fā)生的） severe break of two separate but neighboring faults," she continued.
The region is extremely unusual geologically, Royden says, because of the very steep slopes at the boundary between the Sichuan Basin to the east and the Tibetan plateau to the west. The altitude rises sharply by about 3,500 meters (more than two miles) over a span of only about 50 kilometers (about 30 miles).
The area where the quake occurred is part of the boundary between two of the Earth's structural plates, where the Indian and Asian plates meet in an ongoing collision that has created the Himalayan mountains and the Tibetan plateau. But in central and eastern Tibet, unlike most other areas of continental collision, much of the movement of crust（地殼） is hidden from view. Instead of thickening the entire crust by folding and faulting, the surface of the eastern Tibetan plateau is not deformed（變形的） and is being lifted upward by thickening of a weak crustal layer more than 15 km below the surface.
60. Why did the school buildings collapse in the earthquake, according to the passage?
A. They had too long a history.
B. They were poorly built.
C. They were crowded with students and teachers.
D. They were damaged by the earthquake.
61. Based on Para. 1, why does the writer think that more people will be killed or injured after 
the earthquake?
A. Because there will be more aftershocks after the major quake.
B. Because more school buildings will collapse after the quake.
C. Because destructive flooding caused by rockfall dams is likely to occur..
D. Because there was not enough medical care for the injured in the area.
62. What can we infer from this passage?
A. There was no prediction that such a large-scale quake might occur there.
B. Researchers had done little research in that area before the earthquake struck it.
C. The 5.12 earthquake was the most destructive in the world.
D. If more research had been done, the destruction could have been avoided.
63. Which one can be used as the best title for this passage?
A. The Great Disasters.
B. The Earthquake was very frightening.
C. The Causes of the earthquake.
D. An Extremely Unusual Earthquake.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

San Francisco, a leader in urban recycling, is preparing to turn dog waste into energy.
Norcal Waste System Inc., the city’s largest garbage company, plans to test collection carts(回收車)and collection bags in a city-center park which is popular with dog walkers.
A city study found that almost 4 percent of all the garbage picked up at San Francisco homes was from animal waste, Norcal Waste spokesman Robert Reid said. San Francisco has about 120,000 dogs.
“The city asked us to start a program to recycle dog waste in order to cut back adding more waste in landfills(廢渣埋填池) “,Reid said.
Dog waste will be poured into a methane digester(沼氣池),and the methane it gives off will be collected and burned to make electricity or to heat homes.
“Dogs and cats in the United States produce about 10 million tons of waste a year,” Will Brinton, an environmental scientist said.
“As much as we love them, our pets leave a lot of fertilizer behind them in yards and on the street but that can be a major source of contamination of groundwater,” Brinton said.
European cities such as Zurich, Frankfurt, Munich and Vienna are starting biology programs to turn waste into gas ,he said.
San Francisco runs a great program to recycle bottles, cars, paper and other rubbish and now two-thirds of its garbage needn’t be carried to landfills .The city’s goal is a 75 percent drop by 2010 and zero new waste in landfills by 2020.
小題1:San Francisco will plan to use dog waste for making __________.
A．fertilizerB．gasC．electricityD．methane
小題2:What does the underlined word “ contamination” mean?
A．IncreaseB．ReductionC．FlowD．Pollution
小題3:What can we infer from the passage?
A．San Francisco is short of electricity
B．San Francisco has done a lot of in rubbish recycling.
C．Fewer people will keep dogs as pets in San Francisco
D．There will be no rubbish by 2010 in San Francisco
小題4:The passage is mainly about_______.
A．San Francisco ‘s new policy for pet keepers
B．San Francisco ‘s new plan for recycling
C．how to keep a city clean
D．how to deal with rubbish

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


第三部分：閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）
請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，從每篇短文后所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
Beverage Service    We serve a variety of soft drinks, coffee, tea and free of charge. However, as flying has a dehydrating effect, water and nonalcoholic beverages are recommended.
Electronic Equipment    Cellular phones, FM/AM radios, portable television sets and electronic toys with remote controls must not be used in the cabin, as their signals may interfere with the aircrafts navigational instruments. Laptop computers and CD (MD, MP3) players may be used during cruising portions of the flight but not during the takeoff and landing.Inflight Entertainment    A wide selection of international publications are available for your reading pleasure. You may keep this free copy of Morning Calm magazine, but kindly return all other reading materials after you have finished with them for the benefit of fellow passengers. A selection of music is available on eight channels, from channel 3 to 10. The channel changer is on your armrest. We also offer a selection of popular films; you may listen in English on channel 2. Paduk (go) and chess are available on request, and we have free postcards and stationery.
Medical Needs    We keep a selection of nonprescription medicine for any passenger suffering from mild sicknesses. An emergency medical kit is also available for more serious illnesses.Travelling with Infants and Children    Baby bassinets are provided on a first come first serve basis and should be requested at the time of booking. Special meals for children and infants can be served if the request is made 24 hours before departure. Selected giveaways for children aged 2 to 12 are available on all international flights.
1. The services above are probably offered by ___________.
A. a traveling agent     B. a medical center        C. an airline           D. a five-star hotel
2. If you turn on channel 5 on your armrest, what will you enjoy?
A. International news.                                           B. Free-of-charge drinks.
C. Fashion magazines.                                     D. Popular music.
3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. You should return all the reading materials for other passengers to read.                  
B. Babies can have special food if it is ordered a day earlier before departure.      
C. Alcoholic beverages are not served because passengers may get drunk.
D. All the children can get some gifts when they take an international airline.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


In late March, Southwest University became the first school in China to open a 24-hour hotline providing suicide-prevention counseling．
College suicide is a heart-breaking and argumentative topic．Chinese college students have long been the focus of public attention: their youth, education and, most importantly, bright futures make them the envy of society．
However, in recent years, we've read more reports of student suicides．Perhaps that's simply because of society's attention with youth．But it could also signify the increasing troubled mental state of college students．
Many studies have sought to find out the causes of student suicides．Not surprisingly, the top factors usually include psychological and physical sickness, emotional trouble and peer pressure．Despair about their futures is also quickly becoming a leading factor: many students say they feel hopeless and confused about the direction of their careers in a crowded job market．
Thankfully, more and more universities and colleges are providing counseling services to address students' mental and psychological problems．These at least offer some comfort to students facing tough job prospects and personal difficulties．
From appointing in-house student counselors to setting up hotlines and recruiting students to help their troubled peers, many universities are making efforts to fight student depression．There is no denying that much remains to be done, but such efforts are already working, helping students and saving lives．
However, the most important front in this battle lies with the students themselves．Whatever efforts school officials make, it is up to students to realize their problems and ask for help．Unfortunately, many students considering suicide refuse to seek help．By shutting themselves away, they can easily fall into vicious cycles (惡性循環(huán)), becoming even more easily hurt to personal
difficulties and the pressures of the outside world．
While establishing better on-campus psychological education and outreach programs as a step forward, students themselves must actively reach out for help．These dangers are a reality for every
student, not only those who feel confused and depressed．
63．Why are there so many students that commit suicide?
A．Because of psychological and physical sickness．?
B．Because they feel hopeless and confused about their future．
C．Because of the emotional trouble．
D．All of the above．
64．According to the article, all of the following are right except ____．
A．No university in China had a whole day hotline about suicide-prevention before March．
B．Many people envy the college students their bright futures．
C．The students who feel confused and depressed may need psychological education．
D．The problems of student suicides indicate the increasing troubled mental state of youths.
65．The key to avoid student suicides is that ____．
A．parents communicate with their children and understand them
B．colleges and universities offer more help to students
C．students themselves realize their problems and seek help from others
D．friends give more comfort and show more understanding to the problem students
66．Which of the following can be the main idea for this article?
A．Help is at hand for suicidal students．
B．More college students commit suicide．
C．How can students avoid committing suicide?
D．Why do college students feel depressed?

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


How did a high school football coach build a championship dynasty by never playing to win? In Smith Center, Kansas, Roger Barta, 64, a longtime coach and former math teacher at Smith Center High School, wearing a red shirt, stood before his players．“…Guys．We don't talk about winning and losing．We talk about getting a little better every day, about being a team．” Over the next four months, his team went on to beat other teams, winning another perfect season．
Barta grew up in Plainville, and when a back injury ended Barta's playing career, he wasn't sure whether he wanted to be a college student．One summer, he took a job in the Kansas oil fields．It took him a single rainy day of working in the field to realize that university was for him．“I almost froze to death,” he says．He looked around at his co-workers, who were aged beyond their years．"They were all missing fingers and teeth．I didn't want to do that for the rest of my life．"
He returned to Fort Hays State to earn a mathematics degree and went on to get a master's in math education at the University of Georgia．Today, Barta spends as much time helping players figure out what they want to do with their lives as he does coaching．
To most kids here, Barta is not just a winning coach but also a mentor（導(dǎo)師，顧問(wèn)）．Barta insists that the members of his team be well-rounded．During last year's playoffs（附加賽）, for instance, Joe Osburn was struggling with Macbeth in English class．Barta told him that either he mastered Shakespeare or his season was finished．Barta got the captains involved, and they took turns quizzing Osburn on his lines of Shakespeare．He pulled his grades up and kept playing．
“Roger likes everything about football,” says Barta's wife, Pam．“But what he loves most is watching the boys learn a little more．”
1．What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?
A．How Barta built a championship dynasty?
B．Barta’s career as a coach．
C．How Barta taught his students football skills．
D．Barta’s attitude towards winning and losing．
2．From the the passage we know Barta       ．
A．hurt his back in an oil field
B．didn’t want to be a college student
C．wasn’t satisfied with being an oil worker
D．began his playing career at high school
3．Which of the following statements about Barta is TRUE??
A．He earned his master’s degree from Fort Hays State．
B．He helps his players deal with life．
C．He likes Shakespeare very much．
D．He loves football more than anything else．
4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A．How to Be a Good Football Coach
B．A Brief Introduction to Roger Barta
C．Coach and Math Teacher—Roger Barta
D．Life Coach—Roger Barta

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案