Question

【題目】Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Many trees and shrubs change color in fall. For years, scientists have worked hard to understand the changes that happen to them. They find that three factors 【1】 fall's colorful farewell — leaf pigments (色素), length of night, and weather. The timing of the color change is mainly regulated by the increasing length of night. None of the other 【2】influences, such as temperature, rainfall, food supply, are as unchanging as the 【3】increasing length of night during fall. As days grow shorter, and nights grow longer and cooler, biochemical 【4】 in leaves begin to paint the landscape with an explosion of colors. And Nature puts on one of its most splendid 【5】 of beauty.

The timing of the color change【6】 by species. Some species in southern forests can become vividly colorful in late summer while all other species are still vigorously green. Oaks put on their colors long after other species have already shed their leaves. These differences in timing among species seem to be genetically 【7】, for a particular species, whether on a high mountain or in warmer lowlands, will change color at the same time.

However, some species are evergreen. Pines, for example, are green all the year round because they have toughened up. They have developed over the years a needle-like or scale-like foliage (綠葉植物), which is【8】 with a heavy wax coating. And the liquid inside their cells contains cold-resistant elements. So the leaves of evergreens can safely withstand (經(jīng)受住) all but the most 【9】winter conditions, such as those in the Arctic.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】H

【2】C

【3】A

【4】B

【5】D

【6】F

【7】I

【8】E

【9】G

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。主要說明了科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)三個因素影響著秋天樹葉的顏色變化——樹葉色素、夜長和天氣。顏色變化的時間主要受夜長變化的調(diào)節(jié)。不同的季節(jié)，樹葉的顏色變化時間因物種而異，以及說明某些物種是常綠的原因。

【1】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：他們發(fā)現(xiàn)有三個因素影響著秋天樹葉五彩繽紛的變化——樹葉色素、夜長和天氣。分析句子結構可知此處缺少謂語動詞，且表示“影響”，描述客觀事實用一般現(xiàn)在時，且主語為factors，故謂語動詞用原形，故填influence。故選H。

【2】考查形容詞。句意：其他的環(huán)境影響，如溫度、降雨、食物供應等，都不如秋天里持續(xù)增加的黑夜那么一成不變。influences為名詞需要形容詞修飾，表示“環(huán)境影響”，故填environmental。故選C。

【3】考查副詞。句意：其他的環(huán)境影響，如溫度、降雨、食物供應等，都不如秋天里持續(xù)增加的黑夜那么一成不變。increase為動詞需要副詞修飾，表示“持續(xù)地”，故填steadily。故選A。

【4】考查名詞。句意：隨著白天變短，夜晚變長、變冷，樹葉中的生化過程開始用爆炸般的顏色描繪風景。biochemical為形容詞修飾名詞，表示“生化過程”，且根據(jù)下文begin為原形可知應用復數(shù)形式。故填processes。故選B。

【5】考查名詞。句意：大自然展現(xiàn)出它最壯麗的美麗。結合上文one of后跟名詞復數(shù)形式，以及句意表示“展現(xiàn)”，故填displays。故選D。

【6】考查主謂一致。句意：顏色變化的時間因物種而異。本句中缺少謂語動詞，結合句意表示“變化”，且描述客觀事實用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為The timing of the color change，謂語動詞應用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填varies。故選F。

【7】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：不同物種在時間上的差異似乎是遺傳的，對于一個特定的物種來說，無論是在高山還是在溫暖的低地，顏色都會同時發(fā)生變化。結合上文be genetically可知應填形容詞，表示“遺傳的”，故填inherited。故選I。

【8】考查固定短語。句意：這些年來，它們已經(jīng)長出了針狀或鱗狀的葉子，上面覆蓋著一層厚厚的蠟涂層。結合句意可知表示“覆蓋”短語為be covered with。故填covered。故選E。

【9】考查形容詞。句意：所以常青樹的葉子可以安全的承受最嚴酷的冬季條件，比如北極地區(qū)。conditions為名詞需要形容詞修飾，表示“嚴酷的”，故填severe。故選G。