Question

【題目】閱讀理解。

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. account B. adjustable C. appliances D. capture E. decorations F. direct
G. experiment H. intended I. operated J. soulless K. squeeze

Golden Rules of Good Design

What makes good design? Over the years, designers and artists have been trying to【1】the essentials of good design. They have found that some sayings can help people understand the ideas of good design. There are four as follows.

Less is more. This saying is associated with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe. In his Modernist view, beauty lies in simplicity and elegance, and the aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most efficient means. Design should avoid unnecessary【2】

More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is【3】design. Post-Modernist designers began to【4】with decoration and color again. Product design was heavily influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen【5】such as ovens and kettles.

Fitness for purpose. Successful product design takes into consideration a product’s function, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on. The most important result for the user is that the product does what is【6】. For example, think of a(n)【7】desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user. It also needs to be stable. Most importantly, it needs to【8】light where it is needed.

From follows emotion. This phrase is associated with the German designer Hartmut Esslinger. He believes design must take into【9】the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste. These are as important as rational(理性的). When choosing everyday products such as toothpaste, we appreciate a cool-looking device that allows us to easily【10】the toothpaste onto our brush.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】E

【3】

【4】

【5】C

【6】

【7】B

【8】F

【9】A

【10】

【解析】試題分析：本文屬于說明文，告訴我們好的設計應包括四個黃金定律：簡約、功能、舒適和情感。

【1】capture獲得；捕獲；本句中該詞構成的不定式短語＂to capture.....＂作動詞try的賓語。句意：多年以來，設計師和藝術家一直都在努力搞清楚好的設計的本質。

【2】decorations 裝飾品，該詞在句中作動詞avoid的賓語。本段的主題是＂Less is more＂，倡導裝修設計的簡單化。句意：設計應該避免不必要的裝飾品。

【3】soulless 沒有靈魂的；該詞在本句中做定語修飾名詞design。根據(jù)前半句The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly可知美國出生的建筑家Robert Venturi總結過，如果簡約沒有做好，那么這樣的設計就是沒有靈魂的。

【4】experiment with試用，用……做實驗。句意：后現(xiàn)代主義設計師們再一次開始試驗裝飾和顏色。

【5】appliance電器，電器工具；由后面列舉的例子＂ovens and kettles＂烤箱和水壺可推斷此處指廚房電器等物品。

【6】intended預期的；本句中該詞和系動詞is構成系表結構。句意：對用戶來說最重要的是產品達到了預期的效果。

【7】adjustable可調節(jié)的；本句中該詞作定語修飾名詞desk lamp，意為＂可調節(jié)的臺燈＂，與后句中的＂regular adjustments by the user＂相呼應。

【8】direct把……對準，指導；本句中該詞與名詞light構成動賓短語。句意：最重要的是，它需要對準需要光線的地方。

【9】take....into account考慮……；把……考慮在內；句意：他認為設計必須要把自然的知覺考慮在內，如：視覺、嗅覺、觸覺和味覺。

【10】squeeze擠壓；本句中該詞和名詞the toothpaste構成動賓關系。句意：當我們選擇日常用品時，我們很喜歡一個看起來很酷的裝置，能讓我們很容易地把牙膏擠到我們的牙刷上。