Question

Picture this situation. It is late afternoon and you are1. You have an important dinner engagement that evening so you2to take an hour nap. Instead of setting your alarm you ask a friend who is visiting to wake you in an hour. He 38.
Two hours later, your friend wakes you. You ask, “Why didn’t you wake me after one hour?” He3that he thought you asked him to wake you in two hours and that is what he said. You then have to run around and get ready4, muttering to yourself about how you5have set the alarm rather than asking your friend to wake you. Had you done that, you would not have been so6to get ready.
Your conclusion is correct. Your7of what happened looked at the system you used. Your friend’s8to wake you resulted from a miscommunication.9he didn’t hear you correctly or you misspoke.
10at the situation from the point of view of being personally responsible is always better than blaming yourself or another. So how do you best be “responsible” in this situation? The answer is11in systems thinking.
Dr. W. Edward Deming is the American statistician who is credited with12the quality practices to Japan.13his arrival in that country in 1950, the label “made in Japan” was synonymous with inferior(劣等的) quality. Now the same “made in Japan” label is synonymous(等同) with14quality.
So what did Dr. Deming teach the Japanese that made such a15to the quality of their products? The answer is quite simple, yet profound.16on years of statistical analysis, Deming was able to validate(證明) that17% of all failures are not because people don’t want to do a good job. The fact is that18people want to do a good job.
What, then, is the19if it’s not the people?
It’s the system. The system failed in 94% of the20, not the people.

1. 1.
   1. A.
      relaxed
   2. B.
      puzzled
   3. C.
      concerned
   4. D.
      tired
2. 2.
   1. A.
      try
   2. B.
      decide
   3. C.
      promise
   4. D.
      expect
3. 3.
   1. A.
      agrees
   2. B.
      admits
   3. C.
      accepts
   4. D.
      adopts
4. 4.
   1. A.
      wonders
   2. B.
      doubts
   3. C.
      replies
   4. D.
      requests
5. 5.
   1. A.
      carelessly
   2. B.
      quickly
   3. C.
      angrily
   4. D.
      suddenly
6. 6.
   1. A.
      should
   2. B.
      could
   3. C.
      might
   4. D.
      would
7. 7.
   1. A.
      slow
   2. B.
      rushed
   3. C.
      uncertain
   4. D.
      satisfied
8. 8.
   1. A.
      understanding
   2. B.
      presentation
   3. C.
      description
   4. D.
      analysis
9. 9.
   1. A.
      forgetfulness
   2. B.
      unwillingness
   3. C.
      failure
   4. D.
      fault
10. 10.
    1. A.
       Either
    2. B.
       Neither
    3. C.
       Both
    4. D.
       Whether
11. 11.
    1. A.
       Glaring
    2. B.
       Staring
    3. C.
       Glancing
    4. D.
       Looking
12. 12.
    1. A.
       left
    2. B.
       found
    3. C.
       received
    4. D.
       completed
13. 13.
    1. A.
       bringing
    2. B.
       turning
    3. C.
       fetching
    4. D.
       leading
14. 14.
    1. A.
       Until
    2. B.
       After
    3. C.
       Before
    4. D.
       Since
15. 15.
    1. A.
       different
    2. B.
       poor
    3. C.
       best
    4. D.
       high
16. 16.
    1. A.
       difference
    2. B.
       destruction
    3. C.
       decoration
    4. D.
       distinction
17. 17.
    1. A.
       Based
    2. B.
       Relied
    3. C.
       Focused
    4. D.
       Counted
18. 18.
    1. A.
       few
    2. B.
       fewer
    3. C.
       more
    4. D.
       most
19. 19.
    1. A.
       reason
    2. B.
       cause
    3. C.
       effect
    4. D.
       result
20. 20.
    1. A.
       incidents
    2. B.
       accidents
    3. C.
       cases
    4. D.
       actions

Answer 1

DBACB ABDCA DBACD AADBC