Question

【題目】閱讀理解
Grownups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.
One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials(嘗試)increase the length of time we will remember it.
In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.
The multiplication tables(乘法口訣表)are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.
The law of overlearning explains why cramming(突擊學(xué)習(xí))for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one's future development.
（1）What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?
A.People remember well what they learned in childhood.
B.Children have a better memory than grownups.
C.Poem reading is a good way to learn words.
D.Stories for children arc easy to remember.
（2）The author explains the law of overlearning by______.
A.presenting research findings
B.selling down general rules
C.making a comparison
D.using examples
（3）What does the word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A.Commonly accepted rules.
B.The multiplication tables.
C.Things easily forgotten.
D.School subjects.
（4）What is the author's opinion on cramming?
A.It leads to failure in college exams.
B.It's helpful only in a limited way.
C.It's possible to result in poor memory.
D.It increases students' learning interest.

Answer 1

【答案】
（1）A
（2）D
（3）B
（4）B
【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了我們學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中的the law of overlearning超量學(xué)習(xí)（指學(xué)習(xí)或熟記到能立即回憶起的程度），作者主要通過(guò)舉例說(shuō)明的方法來(lái)闡述這一學(xué)習(xí)方法的優(yōu)劣。
（1）考查段落大意。根據(jù)第一段中的”Grownups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since.“可知人們很容易就記住在童年時(shí)期學(xué)會(huì)的技巧。在下面兩句中列舉了事例來(lái)證明這一現(xiàn)象。故A正確。
（2） 考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的”In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them.“可知作者通過(guò)列舉游泳、騎自行車以及打棒球等事例來(lái)說(shuō)明the law of overlearning。故D正確。
（3）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)前半句”The multiplication tables(乘法口訣表)are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school“對(duì)于the law of overlearning來(lái)說(shuō)，乘法口訣是一個(gè)例外。因?yàn)樗鼈儗儆诹硗庖环N的the law of overlearning。本句because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.中的they就是指前半句中的the multiplication tables。故B正確。
（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的”The law of overlearning explains why cramming(突擊學(xué)習(xí))for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned.“可知突擊學(xué)習(xí)可以讓我們通過(guò)考試，但是并不是一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)大學(xué)課程的好方法，因?yàn)槲覀兒芸炀蜁?huì)忘記突擊學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容。所以這只是一種很有局限性的學(xué)習(xí)方法。故B正確。