【題目】閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Some time after 10,000 BC,people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 【1】 ,through agriculture. Over thousands of years,they began to depend less on 【2】 could be hunted or gathered from the wild,and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
Farming produced more food per person 【3】 hunting and gathering,so people were able to raise more children. And,as more children were born,more food 【4】(need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 【5】(change)lives.
By about 6000 BC,people 【6】 (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later,they learned to work with the 【7】 (season),planting at the right time and,in dry areas, 【8】 (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then,with 【9】 rise of science,changes began. New methods 【10】 (mean)that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so,these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(化肥)have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.
【答案】
【1】in
【2】what
【3】than
【4】was needed
【5】to change
【6】had discovered
【7】seasons
【8】making
【9】the
【10】meant.
【解析】
這是一篇說明文。文章講述了農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展歷史。
【1】
考查介詞。句意:公元前10000年以后,人們第一次真正嘗試通過農(nóng)業(yè)來控制他們所居住的世界。分析可知,“they lived _____”應(yīng)是之前名詞the world 的定語從句,定語從句引導(dǎo)詞被省略,可推知先行詞應(yīng)是在從句中作賓語,即:they lived in the world. live in+名詞,意為“居住在某地”。故填in。
【2】
考查名詞性從句。句意:在幾千年的時間里,他們開始減少對我們從野外采集的獵物的依賴,而更多地依賴他們飼養(yǎng)的動物和播種的莊稼。分析句子,賓語從句部分缺主語,所以引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)為“連接代詞”。根據(jù)句意,此處缺“什么”之意。故填what。
【3】
考查固定搭配。句意:農(nóng)業(yè)比狩獵和采集的人均糧食產(chǎn)量更高。結(jié)合句意可知,此句中將農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)與狩獵和采集相比,應(yīng)用比較連詞than。more… than,意為“比……更”故填than。
【4】
考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:隨著越多的小孩出生,越多的食物被需要。分析句子,邏輯主語和need之間表示被動邏輯。同時此處描述的是過去的時間,所以時態(tài)應(yīng)用過去時。故此處應(yīng)用過去時的被動語態(tài)。food為不可數(shù)名詞。故填was needed。
【5】
考查非謂語動詞。句意:農(nóng)業(yè)讓人們第一次體驗到技術(shù)改變生活的力量。分析句子,簡單句中已有動詞gave故提示詞部分需用非謂語動詞。分析句意,此處需用不定式表示目的。故填to change。
【6】
考查時態(tài)。句意:大約在公元前6000年,人們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了最適宜種植的莊稼和最適宜飼養(yǎng)的牲畜。分析句子,簡單句中除了提示詞外無其余動詞,故此處需用動詞的時態(tài)。邏輯主語和提示詞之間表示主動邏輯。by + 過去時間 譯為“到…為止”,后面的句子用過去完成時。故填had discovered.
【7】
考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意:后來,他們學(xué)會了因地制宜,在適當?shù)臅r間播種,在干旱地區(qū),利用每年的洪水來灌溉農(nóng)田。分析句子,提示詞的詞性為為可數(shù)名詞,應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填seasons。
【8】
考查非謂語動詞。句意:后來,他們學(xué)會了因地制宜,在適當?shù)臅r間播種,在干旱地區(qū),利用每年的洪水來灌溉農(nóng)田。分析句子,make所處的分句中無主語,故此處需用非謂語動詞。make use of和邏輯主語they之間表示“主動”關(guān)系。所以此處用現(xiàn)在分詞形式(doing)形式做狀語。故填making。
【9】
考查定冠詞。句意:隨著科學(xué)的崛起,事情發(fā)生了變化。with the rise of 譯為“隨著......的崛起”是固定短語。故填the。
【10】
考查時態(tài)。句意:新方法意味著更少的人從事農(nóng)業(yè)。分析句子,主句部分無其他動詞,故此處需填時態(tài)。文章的整體時態(tài)是過去時,根據(jù)時態(tài)一致原則此處也應(yīng)為過去時。邏輯主語和動詞之間表示主動關(guān)系。所以此處填過去時的主動形式。故填meant。
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