【題目】The debate over whether personality is determined by nature has taken a further twist after scientists found adoptive parents have a greater influence on personality than directly genetic inheritance (遺傳) from birth parents. 【1】

The research measured personality by placing the zebra finches (斑雀) in a new environment and counting the number of places they visited. 【2】 Male and female birds were then paired up (配對(duì)) and allowed to breed.

The eggs of each pair was adopted by another pair just before hatching (孵化). 【3】 The size of young birds was also measured and was found to be primarily genetically inherited from birth parents and not influenced by adoptive parents.

Dr. Nick Royle from the University of Exeter said:“ 【4】 Because they show that, for zebra finches, personality is primarily determined by the environment they experience after hatching.

He added: “Although this study considers personality inheritance in zebra finches, it raises questions about the inheritance of personality in other species, including humans. 【5】 ”

A. Some were shy, staying mainly in one place while others explored widely showing a more outgoing personality.

B. Researchers at the University of Exeter used the zebra finches to investigate how personality is transferred between generations.

C. Our research findings are therefore surprising.

D. This experiment show that behavior can be non-genetically transmitted from parents to child.

E. Most previous studies have found personality to be genetically inheritable.

F. Personality of young birds was measured once they were adults.

G. Do adopted children inherit the personality characteristics of their birth parents or their adoptive parents?

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】F

【4】C

【5】G

【解析】

試題分析：本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)科學(xué)研究。一直以來(lái)，關(guān)于個(gè)性到底是否是由天性決定，人們一直有所爭(zhēng)論。而科學(xué)家的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)卻扭轉(zhuǎn)了局面，研究表明，養(yǎng)父母比親生父母對(duì)個(gè)性形成更具影響力。

【1】根據(jù)下一段內(nèi)容The research measured personality by placing the zebra finches (斑雀) in a new environment可知，下一段是介紹科學(xué)家的研究?jī)?nèi)容，那么上文就該總的說(shuō)一下，研究人員以斑雀作為研究對(duì)象。故選擇B。

【2】從上文的The research measured personality by placing the zebra finches (斑雀) in a new environment and counting the number of places they visited.可知，研究人員把斑雀置于一個(gè)新的環(huán)境并且數(shù)它們?nèi)ミ^(guò)的地方。這樣做的原因自然是分析它們的性格特征。故此空選擇A，意為有些斑雀很害羞，總是待在一個(gè)地方而有些斑雀卻性格開(kāi)放到處探索新地方。正好和上文內(nèi)容相聯(lián)系。

【3】根據(jù)下文的The size of young birds was also measured中的also可以推斷出，此空所缺句子中肯定也有measure這個(gè)詞，所以下文才說(shuō)小鳥的大小也被測(cè)量。根據(jù)這個(gè)分析，選擇F，意為小鳥一旦長(zhǎng)大，就為衡量它的個(gè)性。

【4】根據(jù)下文的Because they show that, for zebra finches, personality is primarily determined by the environment they experience after hatching.可知，它們表明，對(duì)于斑雀而言個(gè)性是由它們?cè)诒环趸笏龅沫h(huán)境來(lái)決定的。那么這個(gè)它們到底指什么呢？根據(jù)上文對(duì)于研究的說(shuō)明，可知這里是指研究表明。故選擇C，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)選項(xiàng)說(shuō)的就是研究的結(jié)果令人驚訝。

【5】根據(jù)上文的it raises questions about the inheritance of personality in other species, including humans. 可知這項(xiàng)研究引起了對(duì)其他種族中個(gè)性的遺傳的質(zhì)疑，其中就包括人類。故此空選擇G，因?yàn)轭I(lǐng)養(yǎng)的孩子，他的個(gè)性到底是繼承自誰(shuí)呢？

練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】According to some signs, some experts have _______ that the global economy is beginning to recover little by little.

A. covered B. examined

C. concluded D. checked

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】In terms of the knowledge of science, few students in our class can really ______ Christopher.

A. suit B. compare C. win D. match

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】Nuclear energy has always been controversial. But since the tsunami and nuclear disaster in Fukushima (Japan) last year the issue is back in the headlines. And the world is divided— some countries are planning more nuclear plants, while others have promised to shut theirs down.

After Fukushima, Germany decided to switch off all its nuclear plants by 2022. Switzerland and Italy are also phasing out nuclear power. But France and the United States remain staunch supporters of atomic energy. In fact, almost 80% of France’s electricity comes from nuclear power, the highest percentage in the world. And in the US, the Obama administration said it “continues to support the expansion of nuclear power, despite the crisis in Japan.”

Nuclear supporters claim nuclear power can help the environment. Unlike fossil fuels, nuclear power doesn’t create greenhouse gases. So, pro-nuclear countries argue that nuclear power allows them to generate energy without contributing to climate change. Britain’s chief scientific adviser (John Beddington) supports this view. He recently said that the world doesn’t have the luxury of ignoring nuclear energy.

Nuclear power is also relatively cheap. Renewable energy sources such as solar, hydro and wind power may be clean, but they’re expensive; and right now, they require a lot of investment. This higher cost of using “green energy” is usually passed onto the consumer. So, while many people may prefer their energy to come from a renewable source, not so many are prepared to pay higher energy bills. This is of particular concern while the world economy is in such bad shape.

The main argument against nuclear energy is that it isn’t safe. For a start, nuclear waste is very difficult to dispose of, and remains toxic to humans for thousands of years. And even before Fukushima, there were several high-profile nuclear disasters. The most famous is probably the 1986 Chernobyl disaster, in the Ukraine. The radiation from the meltdown spread all over Europe, affecting thousands.

The nuclear energy issue is very complex. And it doesn’t look like it’ll be resolved anytime soon. As a Japanese commentator recently said, “it’s been a bad year for the ‘nuclear village’, but I don’t think they’re down and out yet.” The battle continues.

【1】Which of the following may NOT be the advantage of nuclear energy over other energy sources?

A. Nuclear energy doesn’t produce any greenhouse gases.

B. Nuclear energy can help prevent the climate damage.

C. Nuclear energy is more environmental-friendly than other green energy sources.

D. Nuclear energy can save the consumers some money, compared to other renewable energies.

【2】What does the underlined word “this ” refer to in paragraph 4?

A. The fact that many people prefer to use the green energy sources while unwilling to pay higher bill.

B. The cost of using renewable sources

C. The fact that the nuclear power is cheaper.

D. The investment of renewable energy sources

【3】In the 5th paragraph, the author takes the case of Chernobyl disaster in Ukraine to _______.

A. convince the reader that nuclear waste is difficult to get rid of.

B. explain that nuclear waste may remain harmful to humans for thousands of years.

C. persuade the world not to use nuclear energy.

D. support the idea that nuclear energy is not safe.

【4】We can learn from the last paragraph that _______.

A. the Japanese commentator is positive about the future of nuclear energy.

B. the nuclear energy issue will be soon settled.

C. a battle will break out in the future.

D. Japan is considering to build a nuclear village in the future.

【5】What is the author's purpose of writing the passage?

A. To highlight the danger of using nuclear energy.

B. To introduce some serious nuclear disasters.

C. To show the argument between nuclear supporters and protesters.

D. To give some advice on how to use nuclear energy safely.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】Far from the land of Antarctica, a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean. At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish, the Antarctic cod.

For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish. How does it live where most fish would freeze to death? It must have some secret. The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and research has been slow. Now it seems we have an answer.

Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish. Scientists studied the fish’s blood and measured its freezing point.

The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of -1.88°C and many tiny pieces of ice floating in it. The blood of the fish did not begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to -2.05°C. That small difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the ice-salt mixture.

The scientists’ next research job was clear: Find out what in the fish’s blood kept it from freezing. Their search led to some really strange thing made up of a protein never before seen in the blood of a fish. When it was removed, the blood froze at seawater temperature. When it was put back, the blood again had its antifreeze quality and a lowered freezing point.

Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein. It has many small sugar molecules (分子) held in special positions within each big protein molecule. Because of its sugar content, it is called a glycoprotein. So it has come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein, or AFGP.

【1】Why can the Antarctic cod live at the freezing temperature?

A. The seawater has a temperature of -1.88°C.

B. It loves to live in the ice-salt mixture

C. A special protein keeps it from freezing.

D. Its blood has a temperature lower than -2.05°C.

【2】What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?

A. A type of ice-salt mixture.

B. A newly found protein.

C. Fish blood.

D. Sugar molecule.

【3】What does “glyco-” in the underlined word “glycoprotein” in the last paragraph mean?

A. sugar B. ice C. blood D. molecule

【4】What is the best title of this passage?

A. Discovery of the AFGP.

B. A special fish living in Antarctica.

C. The ice shelf around Antarctica.

D. Protection of the Antarctic cod.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】For some people, music is no fun at all. About four percent of the population is what scientists call “amusic.” People who are amusic are born without the ability to recognize or reproduce musical notes(音調(diào)). Amusic people often cannot tell the difference between two songs. Amusics can only hear the difference between two notes if they are very far apart on the musical scale.

As a result, songs sound like noise to an amusic. Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. Their inability to enjoy music set them apart from others. It can be difficult for other people to identify(識(shí)別) with their condition. In fact, most people cannot begin to grasp what it feels like to be amusic. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping mall can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics have to stay away from places where there is music. However, this can result in withdrawal and social loneliness. “I used to hate parties,” says Margaret, a seventy-year-old woman who only recently discovered that she was amusic. By studying people like Margaret, scientists are finally learning how to identify this unusual condition.

Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from the brains of people who can appreciate music. The difference is complex, and it is not connected with defective hearing. Amusics can understand other nonmusical sounds well. They also have no problems understanding ordinary speech. Scientists compare amusics to people who just can’t see certain colors.

Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed (診斷). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem with music. Now she knows that she is not alone. There is a name for her condition. That makes it easier for her to explain. “When people invite me to a concert, I just say, ‘No thanks, I’m amusic,’” says Margaret. “I just wish I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.”

【1】Which of the following is true of amusics?

A. Listening to music is far from enjoyable for them.

B. They love places where they are likely to hear music.

C. They can easily tell two different songs apart.

D. Their situation is well understood by musicians.

【2】How did scientists learn to identify amusics?

A. By studying different kinds of music.

B. By going to parties regularly.

C. By studying amusic people.

D. By comparing music to color.

【3】According to paragraph 3, a person with “defective hearing” is probably one who ______.

A. dislikes listening to speeches

B. can hear anything nonmusical

C. has a hearing problem

D. lacks a complex hearing system

【4】In the last paragraph, Margaret expressed her wish that ______.

A. her problem with music had been diagnosed earlier

B. she were seventeen years old rather than seventy

C. her problem could be easily explained

D. she were able to meet other amusics

【5】What is the passage mainly concerned with?

A. Amusics’ strange behaviours.

B. Some people’s inability to enjoy music.

C. Musical talent and brain structure.

D. Identification and treatment of amusic

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】 —How long in Qingdao for the Spring Festival, Mr. Li?

—I don’t know. It all depends.

A. have you stayed B. do you stay

C. are you staying D. would you stay

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】He Rongfeng, a rich businessman, offered a large amount of money to a woman 【1】 she had helped him 21 years ago. 【2】woman, Dai Xinfen, was an owner of a noodle restaurant. She was presented with a check worth 1 million yuan by him.【3】 she refused his offer in 2013, he came to her house to thank her again at the end of this September.

In 1993, he was a helpless little beggar 【4】she met in a local street. Dai warmheartedly took him home, along with【5】 two boys, to take care of them and help【6】 find a way to survive. He Rongfeng and Dai lost contact when he moved to another city to seek work. He looked 【7】 Dai for a long time and finally found her. Dai was moved by his gratitude 【8】 refused to accept the check.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】根據(jù)所提供語(yǔ)境，用方框中所給短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空。（每題1分，共15分）

subscribe to make one’s way result in be opposed to appeal to

in particular let out feel like due to be appointed as

attempt to vary from… to… in the flesh get into take it easy

【1】The Red Army _______ from the south of China to the northwest with great difficulties, which is called the Long March.

【2】He _________ Chairman of the Students’ Union in our school last week.

【3】An astronaut will _______ leave the stationary spaceship and then return to it.

【4】A film star will come to our town ______ next week.

【5】At the meeting, all the members ______ the plan to build a power plant in their hometown to meet the demand of local people. .

【6】If left untreated, the condition will eventually ______ blindness.

【7】Do these paintings of traditional style__________ you?

【8】– Mr. Smith , I’ve got an ache in my leg.

-- _________. Let me have a look.

【9】Among all the English poems, I enjoy those written by Shakespear __________.

【10】The project had to be abandoned_______ lack of funding from the government.

【11】The girl ______ a scream when a dog suddenly passed by her.

【12】Teaching methods ______ teacher______ teacher.

【13】Do you ___ sharing your experience of giving first aid with the rest of your group?

【14】He ________ the habit of taking drugs, which would worry his parents.

【15】Many old men _________ cutting down the 100-year-old tree for rebuilding the shopping center.

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案