Question

【題目】Nuclear energy has always been controversial. But since the tsunami and nuclear disaster in Fukushima (Japan) last year the issue is back in the headlines. And the world is divided— some countries are planning more nuclear plants, while others have promised to shut theirs down.

After Fukushima, Germany decided to switch off all its nuclear plants by 2022. Switzerland and Italy are also phasing out nuclear power. But France and the United States remain staunch supporters of atomic energy. In fact, almost 80% of France’s electricity comes from nuclear power, the highest percentage in the world. And in the US, the Obama administration said it “continues to support the expansion of nuclear power, despite the crisis in Japan.”

Nuclear supporters claim nuclear power can help the environment. Unlike fossil fuels, nuclear power doesn’t create greenhouse gases. So, pro-nuclear countries argue that nuclear power allows them to generate energy without contributing to climate change. Britain’s chief scientific adviser (John Beddington) supports this view. He recently said that the world doesn’t have the luxury of ignoring nuclear energy.

Nuclear power is also relatively cheap. Renewable energy sources such as solar, hydro and wind power may be clean, but they’re expensive; and right now, they require a lot of investment. This higher cost of using “green energy” is usually passed onto the consumer. So, while many people may prefer their energy to come from a renewable source, not so many are prepared to pay higher energy bills. This is of particular concern while the world economy is in such bad shape.

The main argument against nuclear energy is that it isn’t safe. For a start, nuclear waste is very difficult to dispose of, and remains toxic to humans for thousands of years. And even before Fukushima, there were several high-profile nuclear disasters. The most famous is probably the 1986 Chernobyl disaster, in the Ukraine. The radiation from the meltdown spread all over Europe, affecting thousands.

The nuclear energy issue is very complex. And it doesn’t look like it’ll be resolved anytime soon. As a Japanese commentator recently said, “it’s been a bad year for the ‘nuclear village’, but I don’t think they’re down and out yet.” The battle continues.

【1】Which of the following may NOT be the advantage of nuclear energy over other energy sources?

A. Nuclear energy doesn’t produce any greenhouse gases.

B. Nuclear energy can help prevent the climate damage.

C. Nuclear energy is more environmental-friendly than other green energy sources.

D. Nuclear energy can save the consumers some money, compared to other renewable energies.

【2】What does the underlined word “this ” refer to in paragraph 4?

A. The fact that many people prefer to use the green energy sources while unwilling to pay higher bill.

B. The cost of using renewable sources

C. The fact that the nuclear power is cheaper.

D. The investment of renewable energy sources

【3】In the 5th paragraph, the author takes the case of Chernobyl disaster in Ukraine to _______.

A. convince the reader that nuclear waste is difficult to get rid of.

B. explain that nuclear waste may remain harmful to humans for thousands of years.

C. persuade the world not to use nuclear energy.

D. support the idea that nuclear energy is not safe.

【4】We can learn from the last paragraph that _______.

A. the Japanese commentator is positive about the future of nuclear energy.

B. the nuclear energy issue will be soon settled.

C. a battle will break out in the future.

D. Japan is considering to build a nuclear village in the future.

【5】What is the author's purpose of writing the passage?

A. To highlight the danger of using nuclear energy.

B. To introduce some serious nuclear disasters.

C. To show the argument between nuclear supporters and protesters.

D. To give some advice on how to use nuclear energy safely.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】D

【4】A

【5】C

【解析】

試題分析：本文講述了在日本核泄漏事件后，對于核能利用這一問題上的產(chǎn)生了兩種不同意見。有人認(rèn)為核能環(huán)保，價(jià)格低廉；而有的人認(rèn)為核能不安全，易造成安全事故。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段第二句Unlike fossil fuels, nuclear power doesn’t create greenhouse gases.可知核能不會產(chǎn)生溫室氣體所以A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)第三段第三句中So, pro-nuclear countries argue that nuclear power allows them to generate energy without contributing to climate change. 可知核能不會加劇氣候改變所以B選項(xiàng)正確D選項(xiàng)第四段Nuclear power is also relatively cheap. Renewable energy sources such as solar, hydro and wind power may be clean, but they’re expensive; and right now, they require a lot of investment. This higher cost of using “green energy” is usually passed onto the consumer. So, while many people may prefer their energy to come from a renewable source, not so many are prepared to pay higher energy bills.說明核能相比其他綠色能源更加便宜。綠色能源雖然清潔但其成本較高需要高額的投資，而高額的投資無疑會加劇消費(fèi)者的使用成本所以D選項(xiàng)中的比較說核能更加便宜正確。選項(xiàng)文中未提及，文中僅僅說核能對環(huán)境有利不會產(chǎn)生溫室氣體，并沒有出現(xiàn)C選項(xiàng)中的比較，屬于無中生有，綜上所述本題選擇C

【2】細(xì)節(jié)題。由題意可定位到第四段最后一句.....是一個(gè)很重要的因素在全球經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣的大環(huán)境下This肯定代指前面的內(nèi)容前一句This higher cost of using “green energy” is usually passed onto the consumer. So, while many people may prefer their energy to come from a renewable source, not so many are prepared to pay higher energy bills 盡管人們希望使用可持續(xù)的能源但相比去支付高額的費(fèi)用這種意愿明顯少了許多。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行分析易排除A D ,A選項(xiàng)說人們愿意使用綠色能源但不愿意出錢，文中沒有依據(jù) D選項(xiàng)說可持續(xù)能源的投資，與題意不沾邊排除B選項(xiàng)使用可持續(xù)能源的成本似乎C選項(xiàng)核能很便宜的事實(shí)，到底選擇是核能便宜還是選擇使用可持續(xù)能源的成本，前面一句主要說的是可持續(xù)能源的費(fèi)用，所以選擇B選項(xiàng)更加接近，注意當(dāng)有幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)都正確時(shí)應(yīng)該選則文中有依據(jù)的更加符合題意的選項(xiàng)

【3】細(xì)節(jié)題。第五段主要寫核能的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)所有的例子都是圍繞核能的安全問題展開 易選出D選項(xiàng)符合題意

【4】細(xì)節(jié)題。最后一段最后一句特別重要前面說核能的問題很復(fù)雜后面出現(xiàn)了BUT 表轉(zhuǎn)折說認(rèn)為這種低谷不會一直持續(xù)下去 這就表明日本人對核問題是積極的態(tài)度易選出A選項(xiàng)

【5】主旨大意題。首段結(jié)合最后一句And the world is divided— some countries are planning more nuclear plants, while others have promised to shut theirs down.意思是，全球?qū)τ诤四艿囊庖姰a(chǎn)生了分歧。一些國家認(rèn)為應(yīng)該生產(chǎn)更多的核植物，而一些國家則認(rèn)為應(yīng)該叫停這一行為。易選出C選項(xiàng) 注意：一般文章的首尾段代表文章的主旨