四．閱讀理解：
A
Professor Reason recently persuaded 35 people to keep a diary of all their absent-minded actions for two weeks. When he came to analyze(分析) their embarrassing errors , he was surprised to find that nearly all of them fell into a few groups .
One of the women, for instance, on leaving her house for work one morning threw her pet dog her ear-rings and tried to fix a dog biscuit on her ear. “ The explanation for this is that the brain is like a computer, ” explains the professor, “ People programme themselves to do certain activities regularly. It was the woman’s custom every morning to throw her dog two biscuits and then put on her ear-rings. But somehow the action got reversed(顛倒) in the programme .” About one in twenty of the incidents the volunteers reported were these “ programme assembly failures.”
Twenty per cent of all errors were “ test failures ”—primarily due to not verifying the progress of what the body was doing . A man about to get his car out of the garage passed through the back yard where his garden jacket and boots were kept , put them on —much to his surprise . A woman victim reported : “ I got into the bath with my socks on .”
The commonest problem was information “ storage failures”. People forgot the names of people whose faces they knew, went into a room and forgot why they were there, mislaid something, or smoked a cigarette without realizing it.
The research so far suggests that while the “ central processor” of the brain is liberated from second-to-second control of a well-practiced routine, it must repeatedly switch back its attention at important decision points to check that the action goes on as intended. Otherwise the activity may be “ captured ” by another frequently and recently used programme, resulting in embarrassing errors.
1. The purpose of Professor Reason’s research is     .
A. to show the difference between men and women in their reasoning
B. to classify and explain some errors in human actions
C. to find the causes which lead to computer failures
D. to compare computer functions with brain workings .
2. Which of the following might be grouped under “ programme assembly failures ”?
A. A woman went into a shop and forgot what to buy.
B. A man returning home after work left his key in the lock.
C. A lady fell as she was concentrating on each step her feet were taking.
D. An old man, with his shoes on, was trying to put on his socks.
3. The word “ verifying ” in paragraph 3 can be replaced by      .
A. improving    B. changing   C. checking  D. stopping
4. According to the passage, the information “ storage failures ” refer to     .
A. the destruction of information collecting system
B. the elimination of one’s total memory
C. the temporary loss of part of one’s memory
D. the separation of one’s action from consciousness

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科目：高中英語 來源：南通高考密卷·英語 題型：050

　　閱讀理解：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項．

　　ROME (AP)－Roadways buckled under the scorching sun in Germany, water levels on the Danube and other rivers dropped and wildfires forced tourists and residents to flee Wednesday as record-breaking heat, blamed for at least 37 deaths, tormented Europe.

　　Londoners experienced the hottest day in the city's history when the temperature hit 35.4 degrees C, beating the 35 degrees recorded in 1990．Then a British Airways Concorde was forced to make an unscheduled stop in Gander, Nfld., during a flight from London to New York to refuel.

　　The day's high in Paris, of 39.5 degrees fell just shy of the all-time record of 40.4 degrees set in 1947.

　　“One can safely say that this is one of the hottest summers of the last 50 years,” said Capt. Alessandro Fuccello, of the Italian air force's meteorology office. He was speaking about Italy, but the heat wave was the hottest in recent memory in much of Europe.

　　Air conditioning is uncommon in much of northern Europe because it doesn't usually get so hot and it's discouraged in the south, where temperatures are often warmer, with high energy costs.

　　Exhausted firefighters were battling Portugal's worst wildfires in recent memory. The discovery of two bodies in a burned forest 300 kilometres northeast of Lisbon brought the death toll in that country to at least 14.

　　Two people in southern Spain died of heat stroke, raising the death toll to 14 in the heat wave stifling much of the country. Among the deaths was a firefighter who had a heart attack Tuesday after battling a blaze.

　　Forest fires fanned by hot winds near the French Riviera last week killed four people, and a fifth person died in Corsica when he tried to put out a fire near his home.

　　Belgium's Royal Meteorological Institute predicted it could reach 40 degrees Thursday－the highest temperature it has ever forecast since its founding in 1833-and several rivers were declared off-limits to kayakers because of low water levels.

1．Some parts of ________ have broken their heat records so far this year.

[　　]

A．Britain and Germany
B．France and Britain
C．Italy and Britain
D．Belgium and Portugal

2．It can be inferred from the report that________.

[　　]

A．people in southern Europe are happy to use air-conditioning

B．the hotter it is, the more petrol will be needed by a plane

C．more deaths were caused by forest fires than by heat in Europe

D．forest fires will come about when there are hot winds

3．As far as the places mentioned in the passage are concerned, people would prefer to go to ________ to spend this summer.

[　　]

A．Paris
B．Belgium
C．London
D．Germany

4．Which of the following might be the best title for the report?

[　　]

A．Europe: wildfires caused by heat

B．Europe: swept by unusual heat waves

C．Europe: deaths caused by heat

D．Europe: suffering the hottest summer

5．The meaning of the underlined word “predicted” (the last paragraph) is close to that of ________.

[　　]

A．discovered
B．thought
C．doubted
D．warned

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科目：高中英語 來源：2009屆泰安市英雄山中學(xué)高三年級第一次復(fù)習(xí)檢測、英語試卷 題型：050

閱讀理解

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C、D)中，選出最佳選項。

　　Teachers have long said that success is its own reward, But these days, some students are finding that good grades can bring them cash and luxury gifts．

　　In at least a dozen states this school year, students who bring home top marks can expect more than just thankfulness．

　　The most ambitious experiment began in September, when seven states－Arkansas．Alabama, Connecticut, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Virginia and Washington－won spots in an Mobil－funded program that, in most cases, pays students $100 for each passing grade on advanced placement(AP)college－prep exams．

　　It’s an effort to get low－income and minority students interested in the courses, says Tommie Sue Anthony, president of the Arkansas Advanced Initiative for Math and Science．“We still have students who are not sure of the value, who are not willing to take the courses,”she says, “Probably the motivation will make a difference with those students．”

　　Gregg Fleisher of the National Math and Science Initiative, which runs the seven－state program, says the effort is modeled on a program adopted by Dallas in the 1995－96 school year that saw AP course－taking jump obviously．That program is now statewide．

　　While many educators would be against offering kids cash for good grades, Fleisher and others say the idea is simple：“It’s an encouragement to get them to basically make the right decision and choose a more strict class,”he says,“This teaches them that if they work at something very hard and have a lot of support, they can do something they didn’t think they could do．”

　　An analysis of the Texas program last month by Cornell economist C．Kirabo Jackson found that it linked to a 30% rise in the number of students with high SAT and ACT scores and an 8% rise in college－going students．

　　(Notes：1．SAT：美國學(xué)術(shù)能力評估考試；2．ACT：美國大學(xué)入學(xué)考試。)

(1)

What does the passage mainly talk about?

[　　]

A．

Success is its own reward

B．

Success makes a difference．

C．

Good grades deserves gratitude．

D．

A new motivation for students．

(2)

What’s the purpose of the experiment?

[　　]

A．

To get relatively poor students interested in their studies．

B．

To help poor students to keep on with education．

C．

To offer poor students luxury gifts on their birthdays．

D．

To make an effort to raise the value of money．

(3)

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

[　　]

A．

Students who top at college－prep exams get $100．

B．

The program was probably first adopted by Dallas．

C．

The program has been going on half a dozen states this year．

D．

The program didn’t have any effect on student’s achievements．

(4)

What is the writer’s attitude toward offering kids cash for good grades?

[　　]

A．

Favorable．

B．

Worried．

C．

Opposed．

D．

Confident．

(5)

According to the passage, the program ________．

[　　]

A．

makes everything possible

B．

encourages students to study harder

C．

helps students choose right classes

D．

teaches students to spend money．

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科目：高中英語 來源：陜西省寶雞中學(xué)2011-2012學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語試題 題型：050

閱讀理解

閱讀下列短文，從每小題后所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

　　(February 17, 2012)

　　What a week it's been for Jeremy Lin．

　　With five breakout games, the Taiwanese-American has become the NBA's newest playmaking sensation．

　　In the New York Knicks' 92-85 win over the Los Angles Lakers last Saturday, Lin had a career-high 38 points．And a day later, he led the Knicks to their fifth straight victory, 100-98, to Minnesota Timberwolves．

　　In his previous games, Lin, 23, had 23 points against the Washington, 25 points against New Jersey and 28 more against Utah in his first start．

　　No doubt, Lin fever is starting to spread．If you haven't already caught “Linsanity”(林瘋狂), get ready because it's coming, as the Knicks pin their championship hopes on the rising star．

　　If you want to know more about Lin, here are five facts about him from the Associated Press(AP)：

　　1．He is smart．Before graduating from high school in Palo Alto, California, Lin sent his resume to all the Ivy League schools．He only got into Harvard and Brown, and he chose Harvard．In 2010, Lin graduated with a degree in economics．

　　2．He is the first American player in the NBA of Chinese descent(血統(tǒng))．Lin was born in the US and his family is Asian．Despite not being born in China, Lin has co-opted Yao Ming's old fan base of Asian-American's who see him as a powerful role model．

　　3．He wasn't drafted(選拔)．After graduating from Harvard, Lin wasn't drafted by any NBA team, which would have made him the first Ivy League alumni(校友)to be drafted since 1955．

　　4．He started off on the Golden State Warriors．Lin first signed with the Warriors in July, 2010, but rarely played in games before the start of the fourth quarter．His first time on the court for the Worriers earned him seven points, three rebounds(籃板)and two assists(助攻)in just 11 minutes．

　　5．He is a perfect fit for the Knicks．New York Knicks has been in need of a reliable point guard and to Mike D'Antoni, the Knicks coach who is going through a tough season, Lin is a most unexpected asset(有價值的人)．“Lin just does everything easy and the rest of the guys around him are playing the way we want to play,” D'Antoni said．“I think it's for real, and it can only get better．”

(1)

How many victories did Jeremy Lin get before beating Minnesota Timberwolves?

[　　]

A．

3

B．

4

C．

5

D．

6

(2)

We can learn from the passage that ________．

[　　]

A．

Jeremy Lin is the first Chinese player in the NBA．

B．

Jeremy Lin was highly spoken of by the Knicks coach, Mike D'Antoni．

C．

Without doubt the New York Knicks will win championship with the help of Jeremy Lin．

D．

After graduating from Harvard, Jeremy Lin became the leading player on the Golden State Warriors．

(3)

What would be the best title for the passage?

[　　]

A．

Wonderful Start for Jeremy Lin in the NBA

B．

Jeremy Lin's Easy Road to the NBA

C．

Jeremy Lin's Unusual Life in the NBA

D．

Jeremy Lin, A talent in the NBA

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科目：高中英語 來源：江蘇省鹽城市2010屆高三下學(xué)期第三次調(diào)研考試英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解


第三部分：閱讀理解（共15小題，每題2分，滿分30分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
[AP Eeb.8] Costa Ricans have elected their first woman president as the ruling party candidate Laura Chinchilla won in an election after campaigning to continue free market policies in Central America’s most stable nation Sunday night.
[Reuters Feb. 19]The leader of Niger’s military junta（軍政府）made his first public appearance on Friday, a day after toppling（推翻）President Mamadou Tandja, but made no mention of any timetable to elections.
[Reuters Feb. 20] The Dutch coalition（聯(lián)合）government collapsed on Saturday after the two largest parties disagreed over whether to withdraw the 2,000 Dutch troops from Afghanistan as planned this year.
[The Guardian Feb. 25]Viktor Yanukovych took the oath of office in the Verkhovan Rada, the Ukrainian parliament, iv Kiev today, with the ceremony coming after weeks of protest（抗議）over claimed cheating following his victory in February’s president election.
[The Guardian Feb.27] One of the world’s most powerful earthquakes in a century struck Chile on Saturday, killing at least 214 people, knocking down buildings and causing a tsunami that threatened Pacific coastlines as far away as Hawaii and Japan.
[AP Mar. 8]Kathryn Bigelow made Oscar history Sunday night, becoming the first woman to win best director at the Academy Awards for her Iraq War movie “The Hurt Locker”, which earned six Oscars, including one for best picture.
56．Laura Chinchilla’s success in her president election probably has something to do with      .
A．her being a woman 
B．her campaign in Central America
C．her being a ruling candidate   
D．her efforts to continue free market policies in her nation
57．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the news above?
A．The Academy Awards saw no women winners before Kathryn Bigelow.
B．Viktor Yanukovych won his president election by means of cheating.
C．The Dutch haven’t decided whether to withdraw its troops from Afghanistan.
D．The earthquake that happened in Chile caused a serious tsunami in Hawaii and Japan.
58．All the following events happened on the American Continent except        .
A．Laura Chinchilla became the first woman president in Costa Rica
B．Kathryn Bigelow became thee first woman to win best director in Oscar history.
C．the leader of Niger’s military junta toppled President Mamadou Tandja
D．a(chǎn) very powerful earthquake hit Chile on Saturday

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

第三部分：閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

WASHINGTON（AP）—Good news for dinosaur fans：There are probably a lot more of them waiting to be discovered．At least，their fossils are．

Peter Dodson of the University of Pennsylvania and Steve Wang of Swarthmore College estimate that 71 percent of all dinosaur genera（種類）—groups of dinosaur species—have yet to be discovered．

“It’s a safe bet that a child born today could expect a very fruitful career in dinosaur paleontology（古生物學(xué)），”Dodson said in a statement．

The estimate appears in Tuesday’s issue of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences．

Dodson—a professor of anatomy at Penn’s School of Veterinary Medicine and professor at Penn’s Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences—first estimated the potential number of dinosaur genera in 1990 and is revising that upward．

The estimates are based on the rates of discovery—about 10 to 20 annually—and the recent increase in finds of fossils in China，Mongolia and South America．

Dodson suggests that 1,850 genera will eventually be discovered．So far 527 genera have been found．

Fossilization itself is a rare event，they note，and as many as half of the dinosaur genera that ever existed may have left no remains．

“I would never suggest that this prediction．however statistically（統(tǒng)計上地）sound．is the final word on dinosaur diversity，“Dodson added．”My intention is to fuel the discussion using the facts at hand，and this is the best estimate we can make with the data available．”

56．The best title for the passage would be______________．

A．Much more dinosaur once lived on the earth

B．Good news for dinosaur fans

C．A very fruitful career in dinosaur paleontology

D．Dinosaurs remain to be discovered

57．Who made the first estimate about the possible number of dinosaur genera?

A．The author of the passage．           B．Steve Wang．

C．Peter Dodson．                                          D．Both B and C．

58．Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A．The number of dinosaur fans is getting larger and larger．

B．More dinosaur fossils are expected to be found in future．

C．The estimate was based on plenty of facts of dinosaur paleontology．

D．Not all the dinosaur genera left their fossils．

59．It can be inferred from the text that______________．

A．dinosaurs will return to the world once again

B．a(chǎn)bout 3700 dinosaur genera once lived on the earth

C．only half of the dinosaur fossils have been found so far

D．a(chǎn)ll dinosaur fossils have been find in China．Mongolia and South America

60．The underlined sentence in the last paragraph most probably means____________．

A．Enough research work has been done on dinosaur diversity

B．it is probable that more information about dinosaur diversity will be found in future

C．the conclusion drawn by Dodson is not exactly right

D．Dodson will continue his research work on dinosaur diversity

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