【題目】 I recently received an e-mail from a wise speaker. In his e-mail, he pointed out some obstacles that lie ahead on the way to success. 【1】
Laziness. Even with a right goal and the courage to pursue it, your efforts will be in vain unless you're willing to take actions. 【2】 Post your visions and plans in your bedroom, bathroom and office. Share them with others. In that case, everyone could be your supervisor. Make yourself responsible and become the master of your destiny.
Doubt. 【3】 Life and work can be hard and even cruel. Remember, the race is not for the smartest but for those who don't give up. Rather than allowing doubt to stand in your path, you owe it to yourself to remain confident in your plan. 【4】
Dishonesty. As you begin to be successful, you'll tend to lie, exaggerate(夸大), and cheat in order to move your agenda forward. However, taking the easy way of dishonesty will make you become the person you hate. 【5】 True success comes when you are a person of your word, when you have a pure conscience(良心),and when you have not cheated others on your way to the top.
A. Only the brave can overcome this first obstacle.
B. His thoughts were so deep and insightful that I edited them.
C. Write down your goals and the action steps you'll take to pursue those goals.
D. In the end, it causes far more problems than taking the risk of telling the truth.
E. Adjust it as needed along the way, but always know that success will ultimately be yours.
F. Once you've made a decision, doubt is a worm that eats away at your ability to succeed.
G. If you can't experience gratitude, you might as well have stayed exactly where you started.
【答案】
【1】B
【2】C
【3】F
【4】E
【5】D
【解析】
這是一篇說明文。文章向讀者傳達(dá)了成功路上需克服的幾個障礙:懶惰、不自信以及不誠實。
【1】空格位于段尾。分析文章的篇章結(jié)構(gòu),可知,這篇文章采用的是總分形式,這句話起承上啟下的作用,引出下面作者即將論述的三點內(nèi)容。空格前一句句意為:在他的郵件里,他指出了成功路上需要克服的一些障礙。選項B(他的想法非常深刻且有洞察力,于是我將引用它們。)與上一句句意符合,且其中的his與上句中的he形成很明顯的呼應(yīng)關(guān)系,故選B。
【2】空格位于段中。由空格所在段落的第一句話“Laziness”可知,這段內(nèi)容是與懶惰緊密相關(guān)的?崭袂耙痪渚湟鉃椋杭词鼓繕(biāo)正確,你也有勇氣去實現(xiàn)它,如果你不采取行動,你的努力也將會變得無價值。選項C(寫下你的目標(biāo)和你要實現(xiàn)那些目標(biāo)需要采取的行動)與上句句意吻合。并且其中的goals與the action steps都可與上一句形成呼應(yīng)關(guān)系。故選C。
【3】空格位于段中。雖然空格位于段中,但是第一句是本段中心詞。所以第一句會緊密圍繞中心詞展開。由“Doubt”可知,這段主要講懷疑。選項F(一旦你做了決定,懷疑就像一條毛毛蟲能消耗掉你成功的能力)是對doubt的解釋,并且這句話主語doubt也與中心詞呼應(yīng)。故選F。
【4】空格位于段尾?崭裆弦痪渚湟鉃椋翰灰寫岩蓳踉谀愕穆飞,你要自己決定保證對你的計劃充滿自信。選項E(需要的時候可以調(diào)整它,但是要記住成功最終會是你自己的。)與上句句意吻合,且其中的it指代上句中的plan,“always know that success will ultimately be yours”與上句中的“Rather than allowing doubt to stand in your path”也呼應(yīng)。故選E。
【5】空格位于段中。由首句“Dishonesty”可知,這段內(nèi)容主要與“不誠實”有關(guān)。選項D(最后,它會造成比講真話帶來的風(fēng)險更多的問題。)是描述的Dishonesty的后果,并且其中的“telling the truth”與Dishonesty形成反義呼應(yīng)。故選D。
七選五題目主要考查學(xué)生綜合的英語邏輯思維能力。一篇好的短文,不僅在內(nèi)容上要前后一致,而且還要語篇結(jié)構(gòu)清晰,上下文邏輯意義嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。內(nèi)容的前后一致體現(xiàn)在段內(nèi)及語篇內(nèi)話題的自然過渡。語篇結(jié)構(gòu)主要體現(xiàn)為:文章是總分結(jié)構(gòu),還是按時間或空間順序發(fā)展的,還是辯證三段論的編排的。邏輯意義的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)最主要的可以通過代詞、連詞和副詞等形式來體現(xiàn)。例如本文通過看首段及后續(xù)段落的首句可知:這篇文章總體上是總分的形式,每個段落內(nèi)部都是圍繞本段第一個詞展開的。本題中的第三題與第五題就是利用段落中心詞與段落內(nèi)內(nèi)容一致的原則解題;第二題、第五題采用上下句邏輯關(guān)系的一致性解題,第一題利用句子承上啟下的作用以及與上句之間的關(guān)鍵詞呼應(yīng)關(guān)系解題。具體解題步驟參看詳解。所以拿到一篇文章,同學(xué)們首先要根據(jù)篇章類型與空格位置推斷使用什么方法解題,有助于加快解題速度。
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