2.        has been a puzzle to the scientists, (how)

地球上生命的起源一直是困擾科學(xué)家們的難題。

1. It is very obvious that the universe began with         . (what)

很明顯，宇宙起源于一次所謂的"大爆炸"。

  Edmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over200 years ago. He studied the ob?servations of comets(彗星) which other scientists had made. The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem. He could not figure it out. Neither could other scien?tists who dealt with such problems.

   However,Halley had a friend named Isaac Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. Newton thought he had already worked out that problem,but he could not find the papers on which he had done it. He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse(橢圓形) .

Now Halley set to work. He figured out(解決，計(jì)算出) the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists. He made a surprising discovery. The comets that had appeared in the years 1531 ， 1607, and 1682 all had the same orbit. Yet their appearances had been 75 to 76 years apart.

   This seemed very strange to Halley. Three different comets followed the same orbit. The more Halley thought about it，the more he thought that there had not been three different comets as people thought.    He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times. The comet had gone away and had come back again.

   It was an astonishing idea！Halley felt certain to make a prediction(預(yù)言) of what would happen in the future. He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758. There were 53 years to go before Halley，s prediction could be tested. In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky. Halley did not see it,for he had died some years before. Ever since then that comet had been called Halley's comet, in his honor.

(   ) 5. Edmund Halley figured out the orbit of .

   A.some different comets appearing several times

   B.the same comet appearing at different times

   C.three different comets appearing at the same time

   D.several comets appearing at the same time 

(   ) 6. Halley made his discovery        .

   A.by doing experiments

   B.by means of his own careful observation

   C.by using the working of other scientists

   D.by chance

(   ) 7. Halley made a surprising, but correct prediction in the year        .

   A. 1704   B. 1705   C. 1706   D. 1707

(   ) 8. This passage in general is about        .

   A.Halley and other scientists

   B.the orbit of a comet

   C.Newton and Halley

   D.Halley and his discovery

 It was well-known that Einstein was the father of the famous Theory of Relativity. But do you know it owes a great deal to Marits,Einstein's former wife?

In 1896,17-year-old Einstein went to Zurich to study physics. There he met a girl fromHungary. They studied in the same class. The same interest brought the two together and the young man fell in love with Marits. In 1903, when Einstein was 24 years old,he married Marits,who was 4 years older than he.-

After their marriage, Einstein devoted himself to the research of the great theory. To give her husband more help,Marits gave up her own work,and became a good wife and assistant. She tried her best to encourage him whenever possible and she was sure that her husband would succeed. They often discussed the theory while walking outside or sitting together in the room. They even discussed it in their letters when one of them was away from home.

In 1914，the Einstein moved to Berlin and settled there. At that time,Einstein's theory proved to be correct and he had become famous all over the world. Marits was very proud of him and his success. But it was not long before the First World War broke out. Marits as well as her two sons,who were all on holidays in Switzerland, couldn't come back to Berlin. The war not only stopped Einstein's work but broke up the warm,happy family. In 1919, Einstein and Marits had to get divorced(離婚) .

Einstein himself,however, later said that Marits was really an outstanding woman. 

(   ) 1. What's the main idea of this passage?

   A.Einstein devoted himself to the scientific research.

   B.Einstein is a wonderful husband as well as a scientist.

   C.The World War I stopped Einstein's marriage.

   D.Marits,Einstein's former wife is really an outstanding woman. 

(   ) 2. Einstein fell in love with Marits mainly because they        .

   A.were in the same school

   B.had the same interest

   C.appreciated each other

   D.came from different countries

(   ) 3. If the First World War hadn't broken out,what would have happened to Albert Ein?stein?

   A.He would have lived to the end of his life with Marits.

   B.He wouldn't have lost his two sons.

   C.He would't be staying in Berlin.

   D.We don't know.

(   ) 4. Arrange Einstein's experiences in a right order according to the passage.

     a. moved to Berlin b. went to Zurich c. became world-famous d. got divorced 

   A. b-d-a-c   B. a-c-b-d   C. b-a-c-d   D. d-b-a-c

   While you are much safer inside than out,lightning can strike you even in the home. Here's how to 1         yourselves indoors.

1.Stay away from 2      Get out of the shower of bath. Don't 3       conductors such as fireplaces and metal pipes.

   Cheryl Falvey of Killing Woth Conn，was struck by lightning last year while washing her 4      . Lightning 5       a window next to the washing machine, struck her right hand, 6       through her body and finally out of her 7       arm. "It was as though I was 8       a bolt(雷電) of lightning in my hands，" remembers Falvey，who was 9       across the room.

2.Stay off the telephone. It isn't an old wires'10       ― many people have been hurt through telephone wires. It was 11       outside while Peter Van Artrijk,Jr. was on the 12       at his house in Florida. "Bam!A bolt hit the building," he says,  "I felt the 13       on my arms stand on end and a charge(電荷) hit me through the telephone, which was 14       blown out of my hand.”

3.Unplug(拔插頭) televisions,computers, etc. Don't just turn them  15       . If the house is struck,they could be damaged if you keep them 16       in.

4.Try lightning rods(避雷針) if your 17       is very often hit by lightning. 18       fixed, says Rust,lightning rods 19       the chances of damage to a home and to the people 20       it. 

(   ) 1.A. save   B. hide   C. help   D. protect

(   ) 2.A. houses   B. rooms   C. beds   D. windows

(   ) 3.A. touch   B. grasp   C. move   D. seize

(   ) 4.A. clothes   B. hands   C. window   D. face

(   ) 5.A. broke   B. reached   C. entered   D. forced

(   ) 6.A. slipped   B. travelled   C. spread   D. rolled

(   ) 7.A. injured   B. hurt   C. right   D. left

(   ) 8.A. holding   B. carrying   C. keeping   D. placing

(   ) 9.A. shaken   B. swept   C. thrown   D. drawn

(   ) 10.A. talk   B. tale   C. news   D. report

(   ) 11.A. blowing   B. snowing   C. shining   D. raining

(   ) 12.A. phone   B. sofa   C. bed   D. chair

(   ) 13.A. hair   B. muscle   C. hands   D. skin

(   ) 14.A. simply   B. hardly   C. almost   D. completely

(   ) 15.A. on   B. over   C. off   D. down

(   ) 16.A. powered   B. wired   C. inserted   D. plugged

(   ) 17.A. town   B. area   C. building   D. courtyard

(   ) 18.A. Properly   B. Simply   C. Usually   D. Firmly

(   ) 19.A. escape   B. prevent   C. avoid   D. reduce

(   ) 20.A. near   B. outside   C. inside   D. from

某英語(yǔ)雜志的English Play欄目正在征集微型英語(yǔ)戲劇稿件。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的寓言故事用英語(yǔ)編寫兩個(gè)場(chǎng)景的話劇向其投稿。

在很久以前的一個(gè)陽(yáng)光明媚的春天，一只獅子在草地上睡覺，一只老鼠來(lái)到草地上曬太陽(yáng)。獅子醒來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)有些餓，決定吃掉老鼠。老鼠懇請(qǐng)獅子饒他一命，并承諾日后報(bào)答他。于是,獅子放走了老鼠。

過(guò)了一段時(shí)間，有一天獅子掉進(jìn)了獵人布置的陷阱中的羅網(wǎng)里，直呼救命。聽到獅子的呼救聲，老鼠立馬趕到。他告訴獅子他要救他。隨后老鼠迅速咬斷了繩子，救出了獅子。從此，他們成了好朋友。擊生詞提示

nap v.打盹trap陷阱net n.網(wǎng)

?寫作支招

一) 寫作定性

本文定性為戲劇文體，具有人物對(duì)白口語(yǔ)化，情景敘述多樣化,語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用簡(jiǎn)練化，單場(chǎng)描寫話題化等特點(diǎn)。時(shí)態(tài)多為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)等。語(yǔ)態(tài)視情況而定。表達(dá)形式上多為陳述句、疑問句和省略句;表達(dá)結(jié)構(gòu)上多為簡(jiǎn)單句和并列句。表述時(shí)充分利用語(yǔ)境。

二) 難點(diǎn)突破

1.可用詞匯

On the grass, enjoy the sunshine, let sb. go,keep sth./sb. in mind,pay back/repay, for the sake of God，fall into，set free，after that, hence，from then on

2.結(jié)構(gòu)模仿

序言和結(jié)束語(yǔ)(Prologue and tag) ;用含一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的簡(jiǎn)單句描寫劇情的發(fā)生的背景和結(jié)局,降低讀者對(duì)劇情的理解難度和拉近讀者同劇情發(fā)生的時(shí)間距離。

It is the summer of 1903. Two old and wealthy brothers, Roderick and Oliver, have made abet ...(《百萬(wàn)英鎊》第一幕第三場(chǎng)的開場(chǎng)白)

The owner, the hostess and the waiter all bow as Henry leaves.(《百萬(wàn)英鎊》第一幕第四

場(chǎng)的結(jié)束語(yǔ)) .

舞臺(tái)說(shuō)明(stage direction) ：用形容詞、副詞、分詞或短'語(yǔ)等描寫說(shuō)話者說(shuō)話前、說(shuō)話中和說(shuō)話后的動(dòng)作、表情或心理狀態(tài)，言簡(jiǎn)意賅地增強(qiáng)對(duì)白的感染力和讀者對(duì)劇中人物當(dāng)時(shí)心理的理解力。

Oliver; (happily) What luck!Brother,what luck! (Claps his hands together.) 對(duì)白(dialogue) :緊扣語(yǔ)境，充分運(yùn)用省略句使得結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，對(duì)白流暢;充分運(yùn)用口語(yǔ)使得交流自然逼真。

Roderick：Young man,would you step inside a moment, please? Henry; Who"! Me, sir?

3.參考句型

sb. is doing sth. when sth. else happens.某人正在f故某事這時(shí)另夕卜一件事發(fā)生了If…，I'll ... Would you do sth.？

  For a writer, there is hardly any greater honour than winning the Nobel Prize for literature.

And for a woman writer，claiming the prize is even harder，for only eight women have won it since the prize was first awarded in 1901. Austria's Elfriede Jelinek is the ninth and the first since 1996.

   The Stockholm-based Swedish Academy announced last Thursday that Jelinek won this year's Nobel Prize in literature. She is recognised for her socially critical novels and plays.

Jelinek, 57，made her literary debut(首次演出) in 1967. She has written plays, novels and poetry. She is best known for her autobiographical 1983 novel "The Piano Teacher"，made into a movie in 2001.

   The basic theme of her work is the inability of women to live as people beyond the roles and personalities traditionally expected of them. Her characters struggle to lead lives not normal?ly acceptable in society. "The nature of Jelinek's texts is often hard to define. They shift be?tween prose and poetry and songs，they contain theatrical scenes and film script，" said the acad?emy.

   The Nobel Prize was founded by Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel. Nobel died in 1896 and left his fortune of about US $ 920 million to a fund to honour people who have helped other hu?man beings. This year each prize is worth US $ 1. 3 million. 

(   ) 5. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

   A.The Noble Prize was first awarded to women scientist in 1901.

   B.Jelienk was best known for her poetry in 1967.

   C.It is the Stockholm-based Swedish Academy that announced the winner of Nobel Prize.

   D."The Piano Teacher" won the Oscar in 2001.

(   ) 6. Jelinek won this year's Nobel Prize for literature because of        .

   A.her best known novel, which was made into a movie later on

   B.the nature of her works，which is easy to understand

   C.the appreciation of her writing style and the theme of her works

   D.her plentiful production of plays, novels and poetry

(   ) 7. In her works, women struggle because they are unable to        .

   A.live the expected traditional lives

   B.live the lives "they" themselves expect

   C.lead normal lives like other people

   D.criticize the society as they wish

(   ) 8. The underlined word "they" probably refers to        .

   A. songs   B. her characters

   C.  the roles   D. Jelinek's texts

 Animation means making things which are lifeless come alive and move.

Since earliest times，people have always been astonished by movement. But not until this century have we managed to take control of movement，to record it，and in the case of anima?tion，to retranslate it and recreate it. To do all this，we use a movie camera and a projector(放映機(jī)) .

In the world of cartoon animation, nothing is impossible. You can make the characters do exactly what you want them to do.

  A famous early cartoon character was Felix the Cat,created by Pat Sullivan inAmericain the early nineteen twenties. Felix was a wonderful cat. He could do all sorts of things no natural cat could do like taking off his tail，using it as a handle and then putting it back.

  Most of the great early animators lived and worked in America, the home of the moving picture industry. The famous Walt Disney cartoon characters came to life after 1928. Popeye the Sailor and his girl friend Olive Oyo were born at Max Ficischer in 1933.

But to be an animator, you don't have to be a professional(專業(yè)人士) . It is possible for anyone to make a simple animated film without using a camera at all. All you have to do is to draw directly on to an empty film and then run the film through a projector. 

(   ) 1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

   A. Animal world.   B. Movie camera.

   C.  Cartoon making.   D. Movement.

(   ) 2. Which of the following statements is true?

   A.People were unable to cause the movement to last or record it in the last century.

   B.Pat Sullivan was a famous early cartoon character.

   C.It is impossible to make cartoon characters do what they are designed to do.

   D.Felix was a wonderful cat.

(   ) 3. It can be inferred from the passage that        .

   A.Walt Disney's cartoon characters were born earlier than Pat Sullivan's

   B.only professionals can create cartoon characters

   C.Popeye the Sailor and Olive Oyo were famous cartoonists

   D.the cartoon industry started in theUnited States

(   ) 4. Which of the following statements best describes the author's attitude towards cartoon making?

   A.Cartoon making is not a difficult job.

   B.Only trained people can be employed in cartoon making industry.

   C.Anyone can make cartoons under the instructions of professionals.

   D.Cartoon making is not easy for it will cost you much time.

Salsa is a musical type that has existed for many years and is still popular today. Salsa comes from Cuba,but many people 1       that the Puerto Ricans who moved to the US 2       the style of salsa we know today.

Because of political problems in the 3       20th century，many people left Puerto Rico and 4       in the US. Between 1915 and 1930，about 50,000 Puerto Ricans 5       in the US. In 1917, a 6       was passed that made people from Puerto Rico Americans move 7      . After this,Puerto Ricans were able to move 8       between their home and the US mainland.

Between 1940 and 1969 ，about 800 ， 000 Puerto Ricans moved to the US， 9       to New York City and Miami. They brought with them their culture, style, and Latin rhythm(節(jié)拍) . One style of music and dance they 10       to the US was a mixture of Afro-Cuban rhythms and Puerto Rican traditional dance. In New York, 11       incorporated(合并，吸納) American jazz,and the salsa we know today 12       . During this time,salsa music and dance were popular in the New York City and around theUS.

The song words 13       stories of the immigrants，(移民) struggle to make a 14       in New York City. By the late 1970，s， salsa caliente was 15       popular;another style―salsa romanti-ca,with its romantic love lyrics(歌詞) 一became popular, 16      . Salsa romantica is still popu?lar today and is 17       by musicians such as Mare Anthony, a singer from Puerto Rico.

18       Puerto Ricans continue to make special mixtures of salsa by 19       it with other musical styles. A mixture of hip-hop and salsa can be 20       in Jennifer. Lopez's music which became world famous by combining rock rhythms with the salsa romantics style.

For many people，listening to salsa music is not enough;its fast rhythm and lively beat make them want to get up and dance.

(   ) 1.A. believe   B. doubt   C. agree   D. guess

(   ) 2.A. formed   B. got   C. developed   D. invented

(   ) 3.A. middle   B. late   C. unknown   D. early

(   ) 4.A. shopped   B. settled   C. played   D. worked

(   ) 5.A. arrived   B. lived   C. worked   D. visited

(   ) 6.A. plan   B. law   C. suggestion   D. rule

(   ) 7.A. back and forth   B. up and down   C. in and out   D. here and there

(   ) 8.A. slowly   B. quickly   C. gradually   D. freely

(   ) 9.A. exactly   B. certainly   C. mainly   D. impossibly

(   ) 10.A. brought   B. took   C. carried   D. offered

(   ) 11.A. singers   B. musicians   C. dancers   D. composers

(   ) 12.A. was born   B. was passed   C. was finished   D. was over

(   ) 13.A. wrote   B. made up   C. changed into   D. told

(   ) 14.A. journey   B. room   C. living   D. contribution

(   ) 15.A. for ever   B. even more   C. no longer   D. now and then

(   ) 16.A. instead   B. indeed   C. too   D. either

(   ) 17.A. acted   B. performed   C. played   D. showed

(   ) 18.A. Old   B. Young   C. Man   D. Woman

(   ) 19.A. making   B. felt   C. combining   D. living

(   ) 20.A. seen   B. felt   C. heard   D. imagined

10. If you like, (you can) take_________________ . (whatever)