15．Car makers have long told this story to Americans："We don't have the technology to build good electric cars．Customers don't want electrics because they are so unattractive，slow and hard to charge．We would build them if only people wanted them．"Chris Paine casts serious doubt on that story in his hard-hitting documentary film，Who Killed the Electric Car？The title suggests a murder mystery，and that's what Paine provides．Well，some of it is a mystery．We know the victim from the start-an electric car called the EV1．Also，we can see that Paine will largely blame the General Motors Corporation （GM）．
GM built the EV1 because the California Air Resources Board （CARB） ruled that cars in the state had to stop adding pollution to the air．The EV1，being electric，did not bum gasoline or put out any pollution．With technology available in 1990，GM had no trouble producing a car that could go 100 miles on a single charge and could recharge from an ordinary household electrical outlet．Remember the auto companies'claim that they don't have good electric-car technology？If that were true，the EV1 would never have been born．The company made 1000 EV1s and leased them to customers in Southern California．（In a lease，a customer does not own a car but pays to use it for a certain time．）
Because of its anti-pollution rule，CARB was sued （起訴） by oil companies，car companies，and the federal government．Under such pressure，CARB dropped its rule．No longer needing the EV1 to obey California's rules，GM responded by attacking its own child．The company ran advertisements saying how bad the EV1 was．Company representatives went on TV and radio shows to say it was unreliable．The company wanted to get the cars back and destroy them．The fact that EV1 were leased，not sold，is an important part of Paine's tale．GM still owned every car and could legally take them back．A few of them went to museums，but GM crushed most of them flat．If EV1s had been owned by their drivers，they would probably still be on the road．Many people who drove them loved them．In fact a group of EV1 drivers offered GM $1.8 million to buy a large number of cars and keep them going．GM refused．The company wanted the car to disappear．
Paine's criticism of the car industry，Washington's close relationships with the oil industry，and California's state government are harsh．Each，he says，played a role in the murder of the EV1．Each has also defended itself in the wake of the film，but Paine's excellent documentary will be hard for them to dismiss．

74．What's Paine's attitude towards car makers'story？C
A．Supportive．  B．Indifferent．  C．Doubtful．  D．Neutral．
75．The E VI is invented toB．
A．show the advanced technology of GM          
B．obey California's rules about air pollution
C．help those who can't afford to buy a car        
D．get rid of the cars burning gasoline
76．Which of the following statements is TRUE about EV1s？D
A．They are not popular because their users don't like them．
B．They are not reliable because of technical problems．
C．They need special equipment to get them charged．
D．They are owned by GM rather than customers．
77．What can be inferred from Paine's documentary？B
A．CARB is to blame for the murder of the EV1．
B．The drive of profits leads to the disappearance of the EV1．
C．People can no longer see EV1s because they have been destroyed．
D．Pressures from car-related companies forced CARB to stick to its rules．

14．Skin-to-skin Effort Aims to Cut Newborn Deaths
A social media campaign has been launched in China to cut down the number of newborns babies who die in the first 24hours of life．The campaign，called First Embrace（擁抱），promotes skin-to-skin contact between mother and baby immediately after birth，a practice proven to keep the baby warm and help it to fight infections．
There are 16million babies born in China each year，and approximately 150，000of them die before they reach one month of age．（71）B Zhang Shuyi，a researcher at the Capital Institute of Pediatrics in Beijing，said there was strong evidence for the First Embrace approach．
"When babies are cold，they are more likely to catch infections or have difficulty breathing，"she said，"（72）C It provides direct protection against infection，promotes bonding between the parent and child and supports breast-feeding．"Health workers who shifted from the normal practice of separation to skin-to-skin contact have observed that babies are more pink，calm and comfortable．
The WHO has developed the First Embrace approach to help reduce newborn deaths across the Western Pacific region，including China．Bernhard Schwartlander，the WHO Representative in China，said，"As many as two-thirds of newborn deaths could be prevented using simple，low-cost methods，including the First Embrace．"
（73）A The WHO will be posting information about the campaign，and hosting online question-and-answer sessions with Chinese and international experts．The public can participate by following the WHO on Weibo and joining the conversation．Schwartlander said，"We are targeting new parents，pregnant women and couples thinking about having a baby．（74）G"
Just last month，a new research shows that child and mother health outcomes in Shanghai are equal to those in the USA and Canada．（75）E Hopefully，the messages conveyed by the new campaign could help to bridge that gap．

A．The campaign has now been launched via Weibo．
B．Of that number，half die in the first 24hours of life．
C．Skin-to-skin contact keeps a baby warm by transferring heat．
D．Those parents who lost their newborn babies can get supports on the platform．
E．In other parts of China，however，the statistics are like those of poor countries．
F．It indicates that related methods for health care and birth quality should be improved．
G．We also aim to involve health professionals in the importance of early essential newborn care．

13．Nowadays，millions（61）of lonely singles are now going online instead．The World Wide Web is quickly becoming the world's most popular matchmaker（媒人）
Singles are flocking to the Internet（62）mainly （main） because their busy lifestyles leave them little time to look for（63）a significant life companion．Using dating sites（ 約會網(wǎng)址） is quick an d convenient．Many singles say the regular dating scene（64）has led （lead） them from one bad experience to（65）another and are ready to try something else．Dating sites also make（66）it easy to avoid someone  （67）who/whomyou are not interested in．In the real world，（68）however，ignoring someone you don't like can be difficult．
Despite all the advantages，online dating also presents its own set of problems．People aren't always those who they declare to be in their online（69）descriptions（describe）．Safety is another concern．You are just likely（70）to find  （find） a criminal online vas your Mr or Miss Right．

12．TV advertisements often tell people to drink more．Drink makers are using some famous sportsmen to support their so-called power and energy drinks，claiming they are all needed．（36）D
Water is essential for human health．However，when you neglect your sense of thirst and manage to take in several glasses of water a day just because you have been told that doing so is good for your health，you actually put unnecessary burdens on your body in two major ways．（37）F Since your blood volume exists within a closed system，increasing your blood volume on a regular basis puts unnecessary burden on your heart and blood vessels．Drowning your system with more water is one of many potential causes of inner damage．Your kidneys will have to work overtime，and they must separate extra water out of your circulatory system．（38）A
The information is particularly important for parents to pass on to their children．So how much water should you drink to best support your health？Some people suggest that you should pay more attention to your diet．It is practicable to get water from liquids or whole foods that are rich in it when you do find yourself in need of water．（39）C If you do not use much or any salt，your need for drinking water goes down even further．
The best guidance I can provide on this issue is to follow your sense of thirst．（40）B They can almost always realize that they are indeed thirsty，if you ask such people if they are thirsty and would like a piece of fruit or a glass of water．Please share this article with family and friends，as many people are regularly misinformed on this topic by mainstream media．

A．If not，your health will be in bad condition．
B．Most people are easy to ignore a dry mouth．
C．By doing so，you may not need to drink much water at all．
D．They then go on to claim these drinks are better for you than water．
E．They help you prevent kidney damage and increase concentration levels．
F．Taking in more water than you need can increase your total blood volume．
G．They will believe that thirst is not a reliable indicator of how much water they need．

11．Being Left-handed in a Right-handed World
The world is designed for right-handed people，but why does a tenth of the population prefer the left？（71）D
The answer to it remains a bit of a mystery．Since scientists have noticed that left-handedness tends to run in families，it's assumed that left-handedness has a genetic（基因的） component to it．
（72）A In fact，identical twins，who share the same genes，can sometimes prefer to use different hands．There are also plenty of theories on what else might determine which hand you write with，but many experts believe that it's kind of random．
Historically，the left side and left-handedness have been considered a negative thing by many cultures．（73）CIn some areas，the left hand became known as the"unclean"hand．In many religions，the right hand of God is the favored hand．For example，Jesus sits at God's right side．God's left hand，however，is the hand of judgement．Various activities and experiences become rude or even signs of bad luck when the left hand becomes involved．In some parts of Scotland，it is considered bad luck to meet a left-handed person at the start of a journey．（74）FA person giving directions will put their left hand behind them and even physically try to point with their right hand if necessary．In some Asian countries，eating with the left hand is considered impolite．
（75）G People come to realize that left-handedness is natural．People even noticed that many famous people are left-handed，including Benjamin Franklin，Leonardo Da Vinci，and Charlie Chaplin．Some researchers find out that lefties are more creative and can deal with abstract thinking better．The left-handedness is more easily adaptable to the right-handed world as well．Being left-handed is no longer a sad story now； instead，it is a wonderful gift or maybe it is something you should take pride in．

A．In other words，left-handers are born that way．
B．Left-handedness used to be regarded as a disability．
C．The unfavorable associations of the use of the left hand among cultures are varied．
D．Why do they prefer to use their left hand rather than their right hand for routine activities？
E．Why do some parents force their left-handed children to become right-handed when writing？
F．In Ghana，pointing，gesturing，giving or receiving items with the left hand is considered rude．
G．Fortunately，nowadays most societies and cultures no longer reject left-handedness like before．

10．Donating blood is a simple thing to do，but it can make a big difference in the lives of others．The donation process from the time you arrive until the time you leave takes about an hour．The donation itself is only about 8-10minutes on average．The steps in the process are：
Step 1：Registration
1．Our staff and volunteers will sign you in and go over basic eligibility（資格）and donation information．
2．You will read information about donating blood，and will be asked to show a donor card，driver's license，or other form（s）of ID．
Step 2：Health History&Mini-Physical
1．You will answer some questions during a private and confidential interview about your health history and places you have traveled．
2．We will check your temperature，pulse，blood pressure and hemoglobin（血紅蛋白）level present in a sample of blood．
Step 3：The Donation
1．We will clean an area on your arm and insert a brand new clean needle for the blood draw．This feels like a quick pain and is over in seconds．
2．The actual donation takes about 8-10minutes，during which you will be seated comfortably．Certain donation types，such as platelets（血小板）or red cells can take up to 2hours．
3．When approximately a pint of blood has been collected，the donation is complete and a staff person will place a bandage on your arm．
Step 4：Refreshments
1．After donating，you should have a snack and something to drink in the refreshments area．You can leave the site after 10-15minutes and continue with your normal daily activities．
2．Enjoy the feeling of accomplishment knowing that you have helped save lives．

21．Which of the following can be a proper title for the passage？A
A．The process of blood donation
B．The benefits of blood donation
C．The importance of blood donation
D．The preparations for blood donation
22．During the Registration，a blood donor will be asked toB．
A．go over his basic donation information
B．show something to prove his identity
C．a(chǎn)nswer some questions about his health history
D．have his temperature and blood pressure checked
23．What is the right order of the events in Step 3？D
a．clean an area on the donor's arm
b．1et the donor sit comfortably
c．place a bandage on the donor's arm
d．draw the blood
e．insert a needle
A．a(chǎn)，b，d，e，c    B．b，a，c，e，d    C．c，b，a，e，d   D．b，a，e，d，c
24．What should one do after donating blood？A
A．Eat and drink something．    B．Leave the site immediately．
C．Take exercise right now．    D．Return to work after two days．

9．There Really Was a Santa Claus
Ann worked for a big company．One of the duties of her （41）B was to go to the post office every day and （42）Dthe company mail．One day in December，she  （43）Aa beggar making himself up as a Santa Claus（44）A  on the corner of the street．Each day she（45）C her coins and dropped them in his bowl．He would smile and （46）B her a Merry Christmas．
At night the temperature dropped below 0℃，but the Santa Clause（47）Cstood in the cold wind．（48）D  she dropped her coins into his bowl，she handed him a pair of gloves．
A week later，a（n）（49）B Santa Claus was standing there．"What happened to the other Santa Claus？"she asked．He told her，"He's very （50）D today．"She prayed for his health．
Later that day，a colleague came into her office （51）A．"I don't know what I'm going to do．""What's wrong？"she asked．"It's my ex-husband，"her colleague （52）C，"I don't have any money to buy my boys anything for Christmas，（53）B my ex-husband refuses to send money to them．It breaks my heart that they won't have anything this year．"The lady（54）Dher colleague，"I'm sure everything will （55）A．It's Christmas．Believe in miracles（奇跡）．"
That evening，she told her husband about her colleague's （56）C，"I know we don't have much money to（57）B，but I'd like to give her fifty or a hundred dollars．We'll just get ourselves less this year．Last year we couldn't afford to buy anything for （58）Abut we still had a wonderful Christmas．"Her husband smiled，"Give her one hundred dollars．She needs it more than we do．"
She reached up and held him．Warmth spread（59）D her body．He held her and realized that there really was a Santa Claus-and he had （60）Cher!

41．A．family	B．job	C．life	D．religion
42．A．receive	B．go through	C．a(chǎn)nswer	D．pick up
43．A．spotted	B．watched	C．sensed	D．followed
44．A．standing	B．waiting	C．playing	D．performing
45．A．earned	B．counted	C．saved	D．threw
46．A．send	B．wish	C．offer	D．tell
47．A．even	B．just	C．still	D．yet
48．A．Although	B．If	C．Since	D．After
49．A．honest	B．new	C．considerate	D．strong
50．A．sad	B．poor	C．cold	D．sick
51．A．in tears	B．in shock	C．in horror	D．in trouble
52．A．concluded	B．decided	C．continued	D．commented
53．A．or	B．but	C．so	D．otherwise
54．A．reminded	B．a(chǎn)mused	C．teased	D．comforted
55．A．work out	B．come back	C．run out	D．open up
56．A．message	B．suggestion	C．situation	D．example
57．A．lend	B．help	C．lose	D．pay
58．A．ourselves	B．themselves	C．us	D．others
59．A．off	B．to	C．a(chǎn)mong	D．through
60．A．relaxed	B．doubted	C．married	D．shaped

8．Basketball is still a young game．It's over a hundred years old．In the winter of l891，a certain college was having some trouble with（61）its（it）boy students．The weather（62）was（be）bad and the students had to stay indoors．As they couldn't play outdoors，they were （63）unhappy（happy），and some even got in to fights from time to time．
Some of the teachers at the college asked Dr Naismith to invent a game（64）that can be played indoors．However，it was not easy（65）to invent（invent）such a game．
Dr Naismith thought for a few days and invented a kind of ball game．It was a fast，wonderful game with much（66）moving（move）and passing of the ball．It was played（67）betweentwo teams．To make a score，the ball had to（68）be thrown（throw）into the basket ten feet above the floor on the wall．At each end of the court there was such a basket．At first Dr Naismith wanted to throw the ball into a box．As he could not find（69）boxes（box）of the right size，he had to use fruit baskets instead．That's why（70）thegame got the name basketball．

7．Two European Summer Must‘Seas'
When you think of summer，the beach，clear water，sunny skies，and relaxing days are a few things that come to mind，and two of the best places to experience these summer feels are two gorgeous European bodies of water：the Mediterranean Sea and the Adriatic Sea!These two incredible Seas hold some of my favorite travel memories．a(chǎn)nd I would revisit each one in a heart beat!
The Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea can be accessed from various European countries as well as a few North African countries．And while many think of visiting Ibiza，Malta，or the Greek islands to experience the Mediterranean，my Mediterranean beach days came while visiting the seaside city of Marseille in the South of France!Marseille was a lovely city with easy access to the Sea，also with pretty sandy beaches．The gorgeous crystal clear blue water made it unlike any beach day in America!Not only were the beaches amazing，but the city of Marseille was adorable and filled with numerous cute shops and seaside restaurants．And the Mediterranean-style food was delicious!
The Adriatic Sea
The Adriatic Sea is equally as stunning and surely worth a visit!The Croatian coast has numerous beach clubs，some private and some public，that tourists are able to visit and you can experience the beauty of the Adriatic Sea there!Zrce Novalja，a Croatian seaside town I visited，was impressively featured by the rather rocky beach in place of sand．The rocks were small and smooth，making swimming in the sea and wading in the water just as easy as sandy beaches!Plus the locals in Croatia are also extremely friendly，making the experience even more memorable．
21．The writer's trip to the two seas was full ofC．
A．unbearable hardships        
B．various adventures
C．wonderful experiences       
D．funny events
22．From which place did the writer get to the Mediterranean Sea？D
A．Ibiza．                     
B．Malta．
C．The Greek islands．         
D．Marseille．
23．What makes Zrce Novalja so special？C
A．Its beach clubs．               
B．Its beautiful sea．
C．Its rocky beach．               
D．Its friendly locals．

6．Study Links Video Game Use to Problems in School
    A new study warns that too much time spent playing computer games could affect a child's performance at school．（36）GThey show that too many hours spent playing games can reduce students'chances of success in school．
    More than 600 teenagers between the ages of 14 and 16 took part in the research project．（37）DIt is said to be the first ever long-term study in Northern Ireland on the influence of information technology on school test results．
    The study found that teenagers who played computer games less than once a week were more successful in school than those who played them twice a day or more.41% of the students who used gaming devices two or more times a day received passing grades on school exams．（38）EThe study found that social media use did not affect school performance．
    Celine McStravick is the director of the National Children's Bureau Northern Ireland．She says the study showed no connection between social media and test results．"（39）CI think that's more because social media is part of every child's life．It's the way they communicate．It's the way they keep in touch with their friends．"
Many parents say their children are becoming increasingly dependent on computer games．Some have compared gaming to a drug addiction．（40）AIt suggested that computer games can cause children to stay awake late at night．Less sleep makes children tired and unable to pay attention in school the next day．

A．However，the study did not explore addiction．
B．The new games are much different from older ones．
G．It was clear that social media didn't have any effect．
D．It took place over a period of three years from 2013 to 2015．
E．That compared with 77% of those who rarely played the games．
F．Drug addiction does great harm to their health and performance at school．
G．Britain's National Children's Bureau Northern Ireland reported the results of the study．