A. would not be defeated

B. had not been defeated

C. were not defeated

D. would not have been defeated

A. everything what; save B. everything that; save

C. all; to save D. all; save

The team studied caterpillars which use these structures to communicate their ownership of leaves. This means the caterpillars are able to “tell” strangers to go away without risking injury in fighting. “These are really interesting caterpillars,” said Dr. Jayne Yack from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, who led the research. “They make signals using hair-like structures which are on their back ends.”

The caterpillars drag these structures across the leaf to make scraping (刺耳的) sounds when strangers enter the area of their leaves. “When they make this signal, the strangers leave,” explained Dr. Yack. “It’s like saying ‘I’m here, get out of here — I already own this leaf’.”

The scientists looked at other species (物種) within the same group of caterpillars and created their “family tree”. They used chemical markers (標記物) to work out the relationship between the animals, showing which in the group were the more ancient species and which species evolved more recently. “Those more ancient species actually don’t have these sound-producing structures. They have legs that they use to walk towards strangers,” said Dr. Yack. These more ancient species, she explained, walk towards strangers and try to fight against them. “They can kill each other in the fighting,” Dr. Yack added. She said that the evolution of the scraping show had allowed the caterpillars to solve their fighting without injury. “So our idea is that these signals actually avoid harm to both sides — they solve fighting in a more ‘friendly’ way.”

The study also provides a map of an evolutionary process that many other biologists are researching.

【1】What can we learn about caterpillars’ warning structures from the text?

A.They have the same use as hair.

B.They are found in caterpillars’ heads.

C.They are used to fight against strangers.

D.They may have evolved from caterpillars’ legs.

【2】According to the text, Dr. Yack’s team did NOT ________.

A.draw a family tree of caterpillars

B.create a map to show how caterpillars evolve

C.study species within the same group of caterpillars

D.make clear the relationship between different species of caterpillars

【3】What does the underlined word “They” in the fifth paragraph refer to?

A.The ancient species.B.The chemical markers.

C.The sound-producing structures.D.The more recently evolved species.

【4】What is the main idea of the text?

A.How caterpillars evolved.

B.How caterpillars warn strangers.

C.Communication between caterpillars.

D.Caterpillars’ warning signals evolved from walking.

Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30, 1835-April 21, 1910), better known by his pen name Mark Twain, was an American author and humorist. Twain grew up in Hannibal, Missouri, which provided the 【1】 for Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer. After an apprenticeship with a printer, he worked as a typesetter and 【2】 articles to the newspaper of his older brother, Orion Clemens. He later became a riverboat pilot on the Mississippi River before heading west to join Orion in Nevada. He referred humorously to his singular lack of success at mining, turning to journalism for the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise. In 1865, his 【3】 story The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras spent some time as a miner. The short story brought international attention, and was even translated into 【4】 Greek. His wit and satire, in prose and in speech, earned 【5】 from critics and peers, and he was a friend to presidents, artists, industrialists, and European royalty.

Though Twain earned a great deal of money from his writings and lectures, he 【6】 in ventures that lost a great deal of money, notably the Paige Compositor, a mechanical typesetter, which failed because of its 【7】 and imprecision. Following these financial setbacks, he filed for protection from his creditors via bankruptcy, and with the help of Henry Huttleston Rogers 【8】 overcame his financial troubles. Twain chose to pay all his pre-bankruptcy creditors in full, though he had no legal responsibility to do so.

Twain was born 【9】 after a visit by Halley’s Comet, and he predicted that he would go out with it, too. He died the day after the comet returned. He 【10】 himself as the “greatest American humorist of his age”, and William Faulkner called Twain “the father of American literature”.

A. force B. energy C. power D. Health

A. that B. which C. whether D. If

—Not unless he ______ his homework.

A. has finished B. finished

C. is to finish D. would finish

— Yao Ming,of course.No one plays _____ .

A.better B.best C.good D.well

增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(﹨)劃掉。

修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線, 并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意: 1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;

2. 只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。

When I intended to tell my four-year-old niece Lisa the story Snow White write by the Grimm Brothers, my elder sister stopped me immediate and gave me another storybook. When I asked if she has told Lisa the story, she shook her head and said, “I don’t think girl today should listen to this story.” I was confusing. Later, my sister explained how. In this story, Snow White does nothing to rescue herself. Instead of, she depends on others’ help. My sister doesn’t want her daughter to learn just to turn to others help. She wants her to learn to be brave and independence. That’s why my sister doesn’t want to tell herself such stories as Snow White.

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均限一詞;

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

I have been feeling tired these days and often find hard to concentrate on my study. My teacher told me that it was the sign of anxiety. She advised me to read an article about reducing tension and improving brain efficient. I listened to her and found some useful ways in it. I began to form a habit of talking a nap for 15minutes at noon and try to spare 30 minutes a day to get move. A walk on the playground was beneficial. Besides, following the author’s advices, I would play words with friends during class break, which made the brain refreshed and worked better. Having fun with friends is really a good way of becoming relaxed.

Being third may influence our mood though it has positive side. The brain can be the more creative. The author reminds what we should not fall asleep with brush in hand and we had better do something creative.