Before 1900,many theories existed as to the cause of yellow fever(黃熱病).Some doctors were sure the disease was air-born; others felt that it was spread from person to person. Dr. Carlos Finlay, a well-known Cuban doctor of that time, had long held the theory that it was caused by the bite of mosquitoes(蚊子).But neither the pubic nor the doctors then accepted his idea.

Despite this, Walter Reed, an American doctor sent to study yellow fever in Cuba, went to talk with Finlay. Reed, after reading a lot on the subject, had begun to think that Dr. Finlay might be right. Then Reed and his comrades set to work at once. Outside Havana, they set up a laboratory and began experiments to test the theory. The experiments were successful. Now we know: A period of about two weeks must pass before a mosquito, after feeding on a sick person, could infect another person. The sick person had to have yellow fever a certain number of days before the mosquito biting him was able to carry the disease.

62.Before 1900,many people didn’t think yellow fever was spread        .

A. by air                                        B. by getting in touch with the patient

C. by the bite of mosquitoes      D. by dirty water

63.What is true according to the passage?

A. Reed agreed with Finlay after his talk with him.

B. Reed proved the theory by reading a lot of articles.

C. Reed proved the theory in his American lab.

D. Reed scientifically proved the theory.

64.Who first realized the actual cause?

A. The public.        B. Reed.         C. Finlay        D. Doctors

65. A person comes down with yellow fever because he has been bitten_____.

A. by a mosquito                 

B. by a mosquito that has bitten a patient

C. by an infected mosquito   

D. by a mosquito that has bitten a patient of some days

66.What is the possible title of the passage?

A. Reed, an Outstanding Doctor                 

B. Several Theories on Yellow Fever

C. Fight Against Yellow Fever

D. The Cause of Yellow Fever

Jewelweeds, or Impatiens, are pretty flowers that grow in wet, shady(多蔭的) places all over the Northern Hemisphere. According to a recent experiment, they seem to know their own flower family. www..com

The experiment suggests that these flowers can know each other—or at least, know whether or not they came from the same mother plant. Together with other experiments, these results show that if the plants are able to know their siblings (兄弟姐妹), it’s not through their leaves, it’s through the roots.

Guillermo P. Murphy and Susan Dudley are a pair of botanists, or scientists who study plants, from McMaster University in Hamilton, Canada. In this experiment, they planted jewelweeds in pots (罐) with either siblings or strangers. Sibling plants were grown from seeds that came from the same mother plant. Stranger plants were grown from seeds from different plants.

If people were plants, then this experiment would be like showing that a person behaves differently if he grows up next to his brother than if he grows up next to a stranger.

When jewelweeds were planted in pots with strangers, the plants started to grow more leaves than if they had been planted alone. This response（反應(yīng)）suggests that plants are competing with strangers for sunlight, since a plant with more leaves can receive more light—and make more food. Impatiens normally grow in the shade, where there is not enough sunlight.

When jewelweed seedlings were planted with siblings, they grew a few more branches than they normally would if they were alone — but they did not start growing lots of extra leaves. This behavior suggests the plants are more likely to share resources（資源）, rather than compete.

The plants only responded this way when they shared soil. If stranger seedlings were planted in different pots and placed next to each other, for example, they did not grow more leaves. This difference shows that the plants must use their roots to notice sibling plants in the same soil.  www..com   

64. What is the main idea of the article? 

A. Jewelweeds seem to know their own family.          B. Jewelweeds love their siblings.

C. Jewelweeds share resources with others               D. Jewelweeds grow in wet shady places

65. A plant with more leaves __________.

A. are likely to share more resources                 B. receive more competition

C. are likely to make more food                        D. hardly receive enough sunlight

66. From the passage, we learn that __________.

A. the flowers grow extra leaves when planted alone

B. the flowers know their siblings through their roots

C. the flowers can make friends with stranger plants

D. the flowers grow more branches when planted with strangers

We typically associate the word “science” with a person in a white coat doing experiments in a laboratory. Ideally, experiments should play as big a role in the human sciences as they do in the natural sciences; but in practice this is not usually the case. The are at least three reasons for this.

1．Human scientists are often trying to make sense of complex real world situations in which it is simply impossible to run controlled experiment.

2．The artificiality of some of the experiments that can be conducted may make the behavior of the participants abnormal.

3．There are moral reasons for not conducting experiments that have a negative effect on the people who participate in them.

Faced with the above difficulties, what are human scientists to do? One solution is to wait for nature to provide the appropriate experimental conditions. We can, for example, learn something about how a normal brain functions by looking at people who have suffered brain damage; and we can gain some understanding into the roles played by genes and the environment by studying twins, who have been separated at birth and brought up in different families. In the case of economics, economic history can provide us with a bank of-admittedly not very well-controlled-experimental data.

However, human scientists do not just sit around waiting for natural experiments to arise. They also think of some experiments of their own. Suppose you want to know how a baby sees the world. We cannot, of course, ask the baby since it has not yet learnt to speak. So it might seem that all we can do is guess. People usually won’t change their mind until it was found out that babies tend to stare at surprising things longer than at unsurprising ones. This key understanding was like opening a window on to the developing mind. There was now a way of testing babies’ expectations and getting some idea of how they are six months old, babies can already do the following things: figuring out that objects consist of parts that move together being aware of the difference between living and non-living things and even doing simple arithmetic work.

56．What is true about the natural sciences and the human sciences according to this passage?

A．Both human scientists and natural scientists can run controlled experiments.

B．Experiments done by human scientists and natural scientists are artificial.

C．Both human and natural science experiments should be of the same importance.

D．It’s not moral to conduct human science experiments.

57．What do we know about human scientists from this passage?

A．They are white coat scientists.

B．They have more experimental sources than natural scientists.

C．They conduct experiments passively.

D．They face more difficulties in carrying out their research.

58．Which of the following experiments belongs to human science experiment?

A．                Vinegar Volcano Vinegar and baking soda make.

                    for a fun and easy science experiment. Try creating a

                     vinegar volcano.

B．                  Taste Without Smell Put your senses to the test

                     with this simple experiment that shows the

importance of your sense of smell.

C．                 Lung Function Observe your breath and confirm

                     your lung volume by completing this experiment.

D．                 Make a Rainbow Use sunlight and water to

make your own rainbow with this cool experiment

that will teach kids how rainbows work while they

enjoy a fun activity

59．What does the author tell us in this passage?

A．ABCs about the science experiment.

B．Some knowledge of science.

C．Some differences between the human sciences and the natural sciences.

D．The similarity of the natural sciences and the human sciences.

Besides calling 911, here is what to do in some life-threatening emergencies when no one is

around to help.

Lost in the wilderness

First, you’ve got to acknowledge you’re in trouble. Stay where

you can be seen clearly and remember to rest. Keeping a sense

of humor helps too—it reduces stress and helps creative thinking.

In a wide open area, make a colorful cross out of rocks to show

your present position.

Choking

Aim to hit the top of the chair against your stomach, in the soft part

below the bony upside-down V of the ribs（肋骨）. Make a sudden

push against the chair. If you still can’t breathe after six tries, call 911,

even if you can’t talk. Write the word choking somewhere nearby, and

leave the line open until help arrives.

Severe bleeding

Use your hand or clean cotton, or paper towels, or a scarf,

or any cloth you can find, and push down on the wound

until the bleeding stops. But if you put a band around

your leg tightly, you’re going to close the vessels（血管）

to the entire leg. In this way, you could lose your foot.

Bear attack

If you surprise a bear, don’t run away. That invites an attack.

Instead, stand up and back away slowly, without looking the

bear in the eyes. If it does charge at you, stick out your chest,

raise your arms, and spread your legs. Shout at the bear, to

frighten it. If it’s going to attack, lie facedown, with your hands

held firmly behind your neck. Play dead until you’re sure the bear

is gone.

60. When you see a colorful cross made of rocks in the wilderness, you know     .

       A. someone is bleeding        B. someone is choking

       C. someone is attacked by a bear   D. someone is lost 

61. If you are still choking after six tries, you should          .

       A. call 911 and leave the line open       B. keep a sense of humor

       C. use your hand our clean cotton D. lie down with your hands behind your neck

62. Don’t tie around your bleeding leg tightly, or you could         .

      A. stop bleeding            B. reduce stress

       C. cause breathlessness D. lose our foot     

63. The passage is mainly teaching us how to       .

       A. avoid a bear attack    B. survive the emergencies

       C. deal with a choke             D. find our way 

Eat, drink and be merry. That’s what Spring Festival is all about. But there are millions of people, too, who love to let happiness go up in smoke.

Offering cigarettes to guests is a traditional Chinese way of showing respect to them. A cup of tea and cigarettes are perhaps the most common way of welcoming a guest in China, especially during festive occasions.

No wonder, 40 percent of the people surveyed(調(diào)查) recently said they would smoke at least twice the usual number of cigarettes during the Spring Festival because of all those gatherings and parties. Only 20 percent of the respondents said they would refuse a cigarette when offered one. Why can’t the others do the same? Because they could be seen as being rude, said more than half in the respondents. 15 percent feared they could be taken as “someone who cannot get along well with others”.

The Think-tank Research Centre for Health Development and sohu. com survey shows 61 percent Chinese think offering a cigarette is useful for socialising, and 52 percent have offered cigarettes to others. The study surveyed 3,800 people, and 64 percent of them were men.

One-third of those surveyed were smokers, out of which 57 percent said they couldn’t give up smoking because of the offering-and-accepting culture. “People have accepted offering cigarettes as an effective way of making friends,” research centre director Wu Yiqun says.

China has more than 350 million smokers, catering to the tobacco market that is worth 500 billion yuan. “The survey shows we still have a lot of work to do,” Wu says. “It is time to let people know that offering a cigarette is a bad habit and it should be given up immediately.”

59. The passage is written with the purpose of ________.

A. telling us a custom about the Chinese Spring Festival

B. introducing a way to make friends with Chinese

C. stopping smoking during the Chinese Spring Festival

D. telling us that offering cigarettes is a bad habit

60. The third paragraph mainly tells us ________.

A. the fact that smokers are greatly increasing during the festival

B. the reason why refusing cigarettes is acceptable

C. the fact that many people have to smoke more cigarettes during the festival

D. it is rude to attend parties without smoking cigarettes

61. Which of the following may NOT be the reason that makes many people fail to refuse the offered cigarettes?

A. It’s impolite to refuse.                   B. Smoking is harmful for non-smokers.

C. They want to be friendly                 D. It’s a kind of social habit.

62. The writer mentions the 500 billion yuan tobacco market because ________.

A. the tobacco market is not developing smoothly

B. the writer thinks that smoking wastes a lot of money

C. smoking is helpful to the tobacco market

D. the tobacco market attracts too many smokers

Recently some American scientists have given a useful sincere piece of advice to people in industrialized nations that they would be much healthier if they ate more of the same kind of food eaten by humans living more than 10,000 years ago.

The scientists say that the human body has changed very little since humans first appeared on the earth, but the way we live has changed greatly. Our body has not been able to deal with these changes in life style and this has led to new kinds of sicknesses. These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times, so they are called “diseases of civilization”. Many cancers and diseases of the blood system, including heart attacks and strokes ( 中風(fēng) ) are examples of such diseases.

Scientists noted that people in both the Old Stone Age and the New Stone Age enjoyed very little alcohol or tobacco, probably none. Ancient people also got a great deal of physical exercise, but a change in food is one of the main differences between life in ancient times and that of today.

Stone-age people hunted wild animals for their meat, which had much less fat than domestic or tame ones ( 家畜 ). They also ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and fruits. They didn’t have milk or any other dairy products, and they made very little use of grains. But today, we eat a large amount of these. We eat six times more salt than our remote ancestors. We eat more sugar. We eat twice as much fat but only one third as much protein and much less vitamin C.

People today probably do not want to live the way people thousands of years ago did, but scientists say that we would be much healthier if we ate much the same way as remote ancestors did, cutting the amount of fatty, salty and sweet food.

67. What is the main cause that people suffer from a lot of new sicknesses?

A. Ancient people did a great deal of physical exercise.

B. People today have a lot of alcohol.

C. People today have more tobacco.

D. Food today is quite different from that of ancient times.

68. Which of the following belongs to the dairy products?

A. Milk              B. Corn     C. Pork             D. Flour

69. New kinds of sicknesses have been found because ________.

A. the human body has changed compared with humans who first appeared on the earth

B. the way we live has changed a little

C. our body can’t deal with the changes in life style

D. the way we live today is proper for the human body

70. According to some scientists, Stone-age people were much healthier than people today because they ate a lot of ________.

A. milk and other dairy products                         B. salt and sugar

C. wild animals, fresh wild vegetables and fruits     D. grain foods

Have you ever thought about what you would like to do after school? Perhaps one of these rather different jobs will suit you.

TASTER: Food companies need people to taste the products that they are making. So many kinds of no bad-tasting food are put onto the supermarket shelves. All tasters do all day is take small bites of food. They make notes of what tastes good and what tastes bad. It is not a job for those who would like to stay thin.

SNAKE MILKER: This involves taking the poison out of a snake’s teeth. You hold the snake over a glass and make it open its mouth very wide. The poison will then drip from the back of the teeth into the glass; this is known as milking the snake. You have to be very brave if you want to try this.

GOLF BALL HUNTER: You will spend your day diving into waterholes at different golf courses to hunt for lost golf balls. You could be picking up as many as 5,000 balls a day. Many golfers are willing to buy used golf balls and you could be making a lot of money.

CLOCK CLEANER: Every day you will be climbing to the top of the clock towers in the city. Your responsibilities will be to oil, wind and repair the clocks. This is not a job for someone who is afraid of heights.

56. If you are a taster, you will          .

A. pick up golf balls                                B. oil and repair the clocks

C. get some milk from snakes                           D. try different kinds of food

57. If you are afraid of heights, you’d better not choose the job as a          .

A. taster             B. snake milker           C. clock cleaner            D. golf ball hunter

58. You can probably find this passage in a          .

A. newspaper       B. textbook                C. report                      D. novel

Normally, kids have curiosity(好奇) about everything around them including animals. As a parent you are willing to teach everything to our children because you want to develop their EQ and IQ. But a few people have some troubles in how to introduce animals to their kids. Here I have some advice on how to do that.

1. Visiting a zoo.

This way must be the best choice to choose. If you have free time or maybe on holiday you can take your children to the zoo. Kids usually are excited to see live animals and feed them if possible. It can be an unforgettable moment for your children when they visit so many animals in a place. Parents can describe an animal to their children so they can learn something about that animal.

2. Doing a coloring activity.

If you have not free time or just have a short time, you can choose this. Actually doing animal coloring activity is mostly used by parents and teachers to tell children about an animal. You can download free animal coloring pages through the internet or you can buy your children an animal coloring book.

3. Doing a paper craft.

If it sounds difficult you can skip this method. Just forget it. Generally, the difficulty level depends on your paper craft models. You can find free animal paper crafts on the internet but make sure of the difficulty level. Remember your purpose is not about how beautiful your paper crafts are but to describe an animal to your children.

4. Story telling.

Have you heard about an animal story when you were a child? You still remember it? How about the character of those animals? Yeah! It is still in your mind. You can buy a story book of animals and read it for your children.

There are also many other ways and everything needed here is just the creativity to connect it with the children and make them enjoy and have fun with your activities.

59. What’s the purpose of this passage?

A. To satisfy the curiosity of the kids.

B. To develop children’s EQ and IQ.

C. To give parents and teachers advice on how to introduce animals to kids.

D. To introduce some activities to let parents know more about their kids.

60. In the author’s opinion, which is the best way to let a kid know something about an animal?

A. Visiting a zoo                                       B. Doing a coloring activity

C. Doing a paper craft                               D. Telling a story

61. If you are busy, which activity can you choose?

A. Download some beautiful paper crafts on the internet.

B. Buy your kid an animal coloring book.

C. Give your kid an unforgettable moment to visit many animals in a place.

D. Buy your kid a story book.

62. According to the author, what matters most in whatever activities you design for your children?

A. fun                          B. joy            C. imagination                     D. creativity

The energy crisis has made people aware of how the careless use of the earth’s energy has brought the whole world to the edge of disaster. The over-development of motor transport, with its increase of more cars, more traveling, has contributed to the near-destruction of our cities and the pollution not only of local air but also of the earth’s atmosphere.

     Our present situation is unlike natural disasters of the past. Worldwide energy use has brought us to a state where long-range planning is vital. What we need is not a continuation of our present serious state, which endangers the future of our country, our children, and our earth, but a movement forward in order to work rapidly and effectively on planetary problems.

This country has been falling back under the continuing exposures of loss of morality and the revelation that lawbreaking has reached into the highest place in the land. There is a strong demand for morality to turn for the better and for some devotion that is vast enough and yet personal enough to enlist the devotion of all. In the past it has been only in a way in defense of their own country and their own benefits that people have been able to devote themselves wholeheartedly.

This is the first time that we have been asked to defend ourselves and what we hold dear in cooperation with all the other people of this planet, who share with us the same endangered air and the same endangered oceans. There is a common need to reassess our present course, to change that course and to employ new methods through which the world can survive. This is a priceless opportunity.

To grasp it, we need a widespread understanding of nature if the crisis we and the world are facing is no passing inconvenience, no byproduct of the ambitions of the oil-producing countries, no environmentalists’ only fears, no byproduct of any present system of government. What we face is the result of the invention of the last four hundred years. What we need is a transformed life style. This new life style can flow directly from science and technology, but its acceptance depends on a sincere devotion to finding a higher quality of life for the world’s children and future generation.

67. ___________________ has resulted in the near-destruction of our cities?

A. The rapid growth of motors.            B. The energy crisis

C. the edge of disaster                       D. loss of morality

68. which one is NOT true , according to the whole passage?

A. The over use of our earth’s energy has brought the whole world to the edge of disaster.     

B. By comparing past problems with present ones, the author draws our attention to the seriousness of this crisis         

C. What we need isw ww.ks 5u.co m a movement forward in order to work rapidly and effectively on planetary problems

D. There is no need to reassess our present course, to change that course and to employ new methods

69. In para3.,the author used____________ as an example to show the loss of morality?

A. Disregard for law.                                        B. Lack of devotion.

C. Lack of understanding.                                 D. Destruction of cities.

70. The author wrote the passage mainly to________.

A. make a recommendation for a transformed life style     

B. limit ambitions of the people of the whole world

C. demand devotion to nature and future generation

D. encourage awareness of the decline of morality

Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms.

Certain microorganisms(微生物)cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release(釋放)poisons that make people sick.

Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepared. For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.

Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms.

When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild. Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous.

Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.

67. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. Food when poisoned can make people sick.   

B. Food poisoning means death.

C. Food poisoning comes in varieties.           

D. Food poisoning can be serious.

68. Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT ________.

A. some chemicals            B. low temperatures

C. some tiny living things      D. certain natural materials

69. From Paragraph 5,we can learn that ______________.

A. mushrooms should not be eaten      

B. vegetables are safer than meat and seafood

　　C. natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals

　　D. different types of food should be handled differently

70. It can be inferred from the passage that____________ .

　　A. natural materials are safe in food processing

　　B. chemicals are needed in food processing

　　C. food poisoning can be kept under control

　　D. food poisoning is out of control