分析 (Ⅰ)設(shè)AF的方程為:y=kx+1.設(shè)A(x1,y1),C(x2,y2),(不妨設(shè)x2>0)由$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{y=kx+1}\\{{x}^{2}=4y}\end{array}\right.$得x2-4kx-4=0,⇒x1+x2=4k,x1x2=-4,由∠FAD=∠FDA,得AF=DF,yD=y1+2.即可得k1=k2,可證l1∥l2.
(Ⅱ)由(Ⅰ)得直線l1的斜率為$\frac{1}{2}{x}_{2}$,故直線l1的方程為:$y=\frac{1}{2}{x}_{2}x+\frac{{{x}_{1}}^{2}}{4}+2$
聯(lián)立$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{{x}^{2}=4y}\\{y=\frac{1}{2}{x}_{2}x+\frac{{{x}_{1}}^{2}}{4}+2}\end{array}\right.$得${x}^{2}-2{x}_{2}x-{{x}_{1}}^{2}-8=0$
AB=$\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{4}{{x}_{2}}^{2}}•\sqrt{({x}_{1}+{x}_{B})^{2}-4{x}_{1}{x}_{B}}$=2$\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{4}{{x}_{2}}^{2}}•\sqrt{({x}_{1}-{x}_{2})^{2}}$,
點C到直線l1的距離為d=$\frac{({x}_{1}-{x}_{2})^{2}}{4\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{4}{{x}_{2}}^{2}}}$,三角形ABC面積s=$\frac{1}{2}×AB×d$=$\frac{1}{4}({x}_{2}-{x}_{1})^{3}$,由(Ⅰ)可得${x}_{2}-{x}_{1}=4\sqrt{{k}^{2}+1}$,可得當(dāng)k=0時,三角形ABC面積s=$\frac{1}{2}×AB×d$=$\frac{1}{4}({x}_{2}-{x}_{1})^{3}$取最小值.
解答 解:(Ⅰ)證明:∵拋物線E:x2=4y的焦點F為(0,1),且直線AF的斜率一定存在,
故設(shè)AF的方程為:y=kx+1.
設(shè)A(x1,y1),C(x2,y2),(不妨設(shè)x2>0)
由$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{y=kx+1}\\{{x}^{2}=4y}\end{array}\right.$得x2-4kx-4=0,⇒x1+x2=4k,x1x2=-4,
∵∠FAD=∠FDA,∴AF=DF,${y}_{1}+\frac{p}{2}={y}_{D}-1$,∴yD=y1+2.
∴直線l1的斜率為k1=$\frac{{y}_{D}-{y}_{1}}{{x}_{D}-{x}_{1}}=\frac{2}{-{x}_{1}}$,
∵x1x2=-4,∴${k}_{1}=\frac{2}{-{x}_{1}}=\frac{1}{2}{x}_{2}$
又∵$y′=\frac{1}{2}x$,∴過C(x2,y2)的切線斜率${k}_{2}=\frac{1}{2}{x}_{2}$.
即k1=k2,∴l(xiāng)1∥l2.
(Ⅱ)由(Ⅰ)得直線l1的斜率為$\frac{1}{2}{x}_{2}$,故直線l1的方程為:$y=\frac{1}{2}{x}_{2}x+\frac{{{x}_{1}}^{2}}{4}+2$
聯(lián)立$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{{x}^{2}=4y}\\{y=\frac{1}{2}{x}_{2}x+\frac{{{x}_{1}}^{2}}{4}+2}\end{array}\right.$得${x}^{2}-2{x}_{2}x-{{x}_{1}}^{2}-8=0$,
∴x1+xB=2x2,${x}_{1}{x}_{B}=-({{x}_{1}}^{2}+8)$.
∴AB=$\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{4}{{x}_{2}}^{2}}•\sqrt{({x}_{1}+{x}_{B})^{2}-4{x}_{1}{x}_{B}}$=2$\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{4}{{x}_{2}}^{2}}•\sqrt{({x}_{1}-{x}_{2})^{2}}$,
點C到直線l1的距離為d=$\frac{\frac{1}{2}{{x}_{2}}^{2}-\frac{{{x}_{2}}^{2}}{4}+\frac{{{x}_{1}}^{2}}{4}+2}{\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{4}{{x}_{2}}^{2}}}$=$\frac{\frac{1}{4}{{x}_{2}}^{2}+\frac{1}{4}{{x}_{1}}^{2}+2}{\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{4}{{x}_{2}}^{2}}}$=$\frac{\frac{1}{4}({{x}_{1}}^{2}+{{x}_{2}}^{2}+8)}{\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{4}{{x}_{2}}^{2}}}$=$\frac{\frac{1}{4}[({x}_{1}-{x}_{2})^{2}+2{x}_{1}{x}_{2}+8]}{\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{4}{{x}_{2}}^{2}}}$=$\frac{({x}_{1}-{x}_{2})^{2}}{4\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{4}{{x}_{2}}^{2}}}$
三角形ABC面積s=$\frac{1}{2}×AB×d$=$\frac{1}{4}({x}_{2}-{x}_{1})^{3}$
由(Ⅰ)可得${x}_{2}-{x}_{1}=4\sqrt{{k}^{2}+1}$,所以當(dāng)k=0時(x2-x1)min=4,
∴當(dāng)k=0時,三角形ABC面積s=$\frac{1}{2}×AB×d$=$\frac{1}{4}({x}_{2}-{x}_{1})^{3}$取最小值,(s)min=$\frac{1}{4}×{4}^{3}=16$.
點評 本題考查了拋物線的性質(zhì),拋物線與直線的位置關(guān)系,方程思想、轉(zhuǎn)化思想,屬于中檔題.
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