Question

【題目】 Somewhere between 40,000 and 110,000 tons of plastic waste produced by Americans ends up in the ocean, according to a study published in the journal Science.

It's difficult to point out where all that waste comes from, and researchers think that much or most of it probably comes from the nation's seriously-populated coasts. But there's also evidence that the nation's inland waterways serve as a passage for plastic to travel thousands of miles into the oceans.

While researchers have documented plastic and human trash floating in the world's oceans, there has been relatively little attention paid to plastics in rivers, streams and lakes. "To my knowledge, no one has studied particular routes, with the exception of places like L.A, and Baltimore Harbor where there are measures in place to prevent trash in rivers from entering the ocean." said Kara Lavender Law, an oceanographer.

The few studies that exist, however, suggest that it may be a huge problem. A 2011 study of two southern California urban rivers---including Santa Ana River---found that every square meter of water contained from 125 to 819 pieces larger than 4.75 millimeters. Another survey of the Meuse River, which flows 575 miles through France, Belgium and the Netherlands to the North Sea, found that it contained 70,000 pieces of plastics per square meter of water, about 500 of which were roughly an inch or bigger in size.

If there's anything positive in this, it's you that can do something, at least on a personal level, to reduce the amount of plastic that goes into the oceans. "Put trash where it goes." said Jenna Jambeck, an associate professor of environmental engineering at the University of Georgia. "Use reusable items---bags, cups and bottles---to reduce waste."

Finally, Jambeck urges people to pick up litter along waterways, and record it with a phone app called the Marine Debris Tracker. The data you provide can help scientists to get a better handle on the trash problem.

【1】According to the text, the least polluted place might be __________.

A.Santa Ana RiverB.Meuse River

C.Baltimore HarborD.The North Sea

【2】How does the author prove plastic waste in rivers is a huge problem?

A.By referring to experts' views.B.By listing statistics.

C.By making comparisons.D.By following time order.

【3】What does Jenna Jambeck advise us to do?

A.Make use of plastic items.B.Reduce the size of waste we throw away.

C.Stay positive about the oceans' future.D.Start from small things to deal with waste.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】D

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。研究顯示，美國人產(chǎn)生的4萬到11萬噸塑料垃圾流入海洋，很難指出所有垃圾來及哪里，但是研究人員認(rèn)為，很多或大部分可能來自這個(gè)國家人口稠密的海岸。但也有證據(jù)表明，國家的內(nèi)河航道是塑料經(jīng)過數(shù)千英里進(jìn)入海洋的通道。建議人們從我作起，保護(hù)環(huán)境。

【1】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段To my knowledge, no one has studied particular routes, with the exception of places like L.A, and Baltimore Harbor where there are measures in place to prevent trash in rivers from entering the ocean.可知，據(jù)我所知，沒有人研究過特定的路線，除了洛杉磯和巴爾的摩港，這些地方有措施去防止河流中的垃圾進(jìn)入海洋。因此，污染最少的地方可能是巴爾的摩港。故選C。

【2】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段A 2011 study of two southern California urban rivers---including Santa Ana River---found that every square meter of water contained from 125 to 819 pieces larger than 4.75 millimeters. Another survey of the Meuse River, which flows 575 miles through France, Belgium and the Netherlands to the North Sea, found that it contained 70,000 pieces of plastics per square meter of water, about 500 of which were roughly an inch or bigger in size.可知，2011年對(duì)南加州兩條城市河流（包括Santa Ana河）的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，每平方米含125至819塊垃圾，大于4.75毫米。另一項(xiàng)對(duì)Meuse河（流經(jīng)法國、比利時(shí)和荷蘭575英里到達(dá)北海）的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，每平方米水中含有70000塊塑料，其中大約有500個(gè)大約一英寸或更大。根據(jù)以上內(nèi)容可以判斷出，作者通過列舉數(shù)據(jù)，證明河流中的塑料垃圾是個(gè)大問題。故選B。

【3】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最倒數(shù)第二段... at least on a personal level, to reduce the amount of plastic that goes into the oceans. Put trash where it goes.至少在個(gè)人層面上，減少流入海洋的塑料量。“垃圾放在它應(yīng)該放的地方。以及由最后一段Finally, Jambeck urges people to pick up litter along waterways, and record it with a phone app called the Marine Debris Tracker. The data you provide can help scientists to get a better handle on the trash problem.可知，最后，Jambeck敦促人們撿沿河的垃圾，用一個(gè)叫Marine Debris Tracker的手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序記錄下來。你提供的數(shù)據(jù)可以幫助科學(xué)家更好地處理垃圾。由此可以看出，Jenna Jambeck建議人們從小事做起，來處理垃圾。故選D。