Question

【題目】 Are your eyes irritated, dry, watery, blurry, seeing double or sensitive to light, and do your back and neck ache? If so, you are likely one of many people today who suffer from digital eyestrain, also called computer-vision syndrome.

Eyestrain is often related to the amount of exposure to screens, the distance from eyes to screens and the use of multiple screens simultaneously. However, studies have also shown that the blue light produced by digital devices today reaches further into the eyes than other kinds of light. This light actually assists attention during the day but can result in interrupted sleep patterns at night.

Scientists have also said that eyestrain is not a necessary evil, even in a modern world that revolves around technology. Changing some simple details about your relative position to screens, such as staying about 60 centimeters away, will help. Also, avoid overhead and other direct sources of light, and use shaded lamps and window blinds while looking at digital devices instead.

Beyond the way that relates to digital screens, there are also ways to change how you view screens that are helpful in combating eyestrain. To begin with, your computer screen should be high-resolution(高清的), at least 50 centimeters wide diagonally and may require a screen filter to decrease reflections. Also, be aware that “computer glasses”, which cut down glare and blue light, are available and those contact lenses can increase the risk of eyestrain.

Besides, to reduce your risk for computer-vision syndrome and neck, back and shoulder pain, take frequent breaks during your computer workday. Many workers take only two 15-minute breaks from their computer throughout their day. According to a recent study, discomfort and eyestrain are significantly reduced when computer workers take four additional five-minute “mini-breaks” throughout their workday. And these additional breaks don’t reduce the workers’ productivity.

Finally, many of us fall into bad habits while using digital screens that only worsen the effects of eyestrain. While viewing digital screens, many people blink one third less often than they usually do. Place a reminder on your computer to “blink” so that your eyes don’t dry out. Also, rest your eyes’ focusing muscles by using the 20-20-20 rule: Every 20 minutes, focus on something 20 feet away for 20 seconds.

【1】What is Paragraph 2mainlyabout?

A. The dangers of eyestrain.B. The causes of eyestrain.

C. The symptoms of eyestrain.D. The effects of eyestrain.

【2】Which of the following ways might not be helpful in relieving eyestrain?

A. Employing blue light.B. Breaking bad habits.

C. Adjusting your position.D. Changing your hardware.

【3】It can be inferred from the passage that .

A. overhead lights make the eyes less tired

B. taking frequent breaks reduces eyestrain

C. people tend to blink more often at a computer

D. technology and eyestrain unavoidably go hand in hand

【4】Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

A. B.

C. D.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】B

【4】A

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文。“電腦視覺綜合癥”是眼睛疲勞的原因。文章給出了幾條建議來對抗視疲勞。

【1】段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段第一句Eyestrain is often related to the amount of exposure to screens, the distance from eyes to screens and the use of multiple screens simultaneously.“眼睛疲勞通常與接觸屏幕的次數(shù)、眼睛與屏幕的距離以及同時使用多個屏幕有關。”可知，第二段講述眼睛疲勞的原因。故選B。

【2】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中However, studies have also shown that the blue light produced by digital devices today reaches further into the eyes than other kinds of light.“然而，研究也表明，如今數(shù)字設備產(chǎn)生的藍光比其他種類的光更能穿透眼睛。”可知，“采用藍光”可能對緩解眼睛疲勞沒有幫助。故選A。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中to reduce your risk for computer-vision syndrome and neck, back and shoulder pain, take frequent breaks during your computer workday.“為了降低患電腦視覺綜合癥和頸部、背部和肩膀疼痛的風險，在電腦工作的時候要經(jīng)常休息。”可知，經(jīng)常休息可以減輕眼睛疲勞。故選B。

【4】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中If so, you are likely one of many people today who suffer from digital eyestrain, also called computer-vision syndrome.“如果是這樣的話，你可能是當今許多患有數(shù)碼眼疲勞癥的人中的一員，這也被稱為電腦視覺綜合癥。”第二段第一句Eyestrain is often related to the amount of exposure to screens, the distance from eyes to screens and the use of multiple screens simultaneously.“眼睛疲勞通常與接觸屏幕的次數(shù)、眼睛與屏幕的距離以及同時使用多個屏幕有關。”文章第一段介紹“電腦視覺綜合癥”；第二段講述眼睛疲勞的原因；文章的三、四、五、六段在講述如何減少眼睛疲勞。由此推知正確的文章結構是A項。

推理判斷題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎上，做出一定的推理判斷，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理判斷題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中的某一句話，也可能是某幾句話，所以，推理題的答案只能是根據(jù)原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即對原文某一句話或某幾句話所作的同義改寫或綜合。推理判斷題的題干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等標志性詞語。本題第3小題，根據(jù)第五段中to reduce your risk for computer-vision syndrome and neck, back and shoulder pain, take frequent breaks during your computer workday.“為了降低患電腦視覺綜合癥和頸部、背部和肩膀疼痛的風險，在電腦工作的時候要經(jīng)常休息。”可知，經(jīng)常休息可以減輕眼睛疲勞。故選B。