Question

【題目】 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

If you can’t seem to catch enough Z’s during the week, you’re not alone. But bad things happen to your body when you’re sleep-deprived, not least of which is weight gain. Well, here’s some good news: Sleeping in on the weekend to make up for sleep lost during the week is 【1】 with lower body mass index (BMI), according to a study published in the Oxford University Press journal Sleep.

The researchers, a collaboration of scientists based in Boston, Massachusetts, and the Republic of Korean, sought to determine if what they refer to as “catch-up sleep” 【2】 body mass index (BMI) in the general population. To do so, they conducted face-to-face interviews of a random sampling of 2,156 adults, comparing their sleep habits with their BMI scores. The 932 participants who slept in — “catch-up sleepers” (people who sleep longer on the weekend than on weekdays by approximately two hours) had a(n) 【3】 lower BMI than the other subjects. What’s more, every additional hour of catch-up sleep was linked with a decrease in BMI.

As to why sleeping in on weekends can lead to weight loss, one of the study co-authors, Robert Thomas, MD, MMSc, of the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, 【4】 Reader’s Digest of the “substantial(大量的) experimental and epidemiological(流行病學(xué)的) data that short sleep contributes to weight gain.” He notes, “our best 【5】 as researchers are that there are balances to be kept, and the body can adjust and 【6】 within reason. Catch-up sleep allows the basic balance to be maintained.”

Although the study showed significant differences in BMI with the 【7】 of two or more hours of catch-up sleep, Dr. Thomas points out that there are “substantial individual differences,” such that the benefit we get from those extra hours will vary 【8】 on how much sleep each of us generally needs. “To determine your optional sleep, you can track the time spent sleeping on nights when there is no need to wake up to an alarm,” suggests Liza Baker, a health coach at Simply Health Coaching. That tells you about how many hours of sleep your body likes to get, since it 【9】 greatly across the population, from just 4 to 5 hours to 9 to 10 hours.

So can you actually lost weight by sleeping in on the weekend? Only if you’re paying off a sleep 【10】 from the week, according to the result of this study. It helps if you’re also eating less, Dr. Thomas adds.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】AD

【2】A

【3】AB

【4】B

【5】BD

【6】ABC

【7】CD

【8】BC

【9】D

【10】C

【解析】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。當(dāng)你睡眠不足時(shí)，你的身體會(huì)發(fā)生不好的事情，尤其是體重增加。周末睡個(gè)懶覺(jué)能降低體重指數(shù)，維持身體基本的平衡。文章介紹了研究人員對(duì)“周末補(bǔ)覺(jué)”的研究結(jié)果。

【1】考查固定搭配。句意：周末睡個(gè)懶覺(jué)來(lái)彌補(bǔ)工作日的睡眠不足，降低身體體重指數(shù)(BMI)。首先可以判斷該空填形容詞，固定搭配be associated with與……有關(guān)，故該空填AD項(xiàng)associated。

【2】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：研究人員是由來(lái)自美國(guó)馬薩諸塞州波士頓和韓國(guó)的科學(xué)家合作的，他們?cè)噲D確定所謂的“補(bǔ)眠”是否會(huì)影響一般人群的身體體重指數(shù)(BMI)。首先可以判斷該空填動(dòng)詞，研究人員希望判斷出所謂的“補(bǔ)眠”能否影響大部分人的BMI，所以填A項(xiàng)impacts(影響)。

【3】考查副詞。句意：932名“補(bǔ)眠者(周末比平日多睡約兩個(gè)小時(shí)的人)的BMI明顯低于其他受試者。首先可以判斷該空填副詞，修飾形容詞lower，然后根據(jù)句義可知填AB significantly(顯著地)。

【4】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。句意：周末補(bǔ)覺(jué)可以減肥這件事使人聯(lián)想到缺覺(jué)導(dǎo)致增肥。首先可以判斷該空填動(dòng)詞，所以填B項(xiàng)reminded(使人聯(lián)想到)。

【5】考查名詞。句意：作為研究人員，我們最好的估計(jì)是要保持平衡，身體可以在合理范圍內(nèi)調(diào)整和適應(yīng)。首先可以判斷該空填名詞，用復(fù)數(shù)，所以填BD項(xiàng)estimates(估計(jì))。

【6】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：作為研究人員，我們最好的估計(jì)是要保持平衡，身體可以在合理范圍內(nèi)調(diào)整和適應(yīng)。首先可以判斷該空填動(dòng)詞原形，填ABC項(xiàng)adapt(適應(yīng))。

【7】考查名詞。句意：盡管研究顯示，在補(bǔ)眠兩小時(shí)或更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間后，身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)(BMI)會(huì)有顯著差異，但托馬斯博士指出，“個(gè)體之間存在顯著差異”。首先可以判斷該空填名詞，這里表達(dá)“額外睡了2小時(shí)的BMI差異”，所以填CD項(xiàng)addition(額外，增加)。

【8】考查現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。句意：因此，我們從這些額外的時(shí)間中得到的好處將取決于我們每個(gè)人通常需要多少睡眠。首先可以判斷該空填動(dòng)詞，表示“取決于”，所以填BC depending。

【9】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：這告訴你你的身體需要多少小時(shí)的睡眠，因?yàn)樗�在人群中變化很大，�?/span>4到5小時(shí)到9到10小時(shí)。首先可以判斷該空填一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)全文用一般現(xiàn)在是，表達(dá)“使不同”，所以填D項(xiàng)varies。

【10】考查名詞。句意：那么，周末睡懶覺(jué)真的能減肥嗎?根據(jù)這項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)果表明，只有當(dāng)你從一周中償還了睡眠債的時(shí)候才能減肥。首先可以判斷該空填名詞，前文有pay off，所以填C項(xiàng)debt(債務(wù))。