9.Brain-training software may be a waste of time.People who played"mind-boosting"games made the same modest cognitive gains as those who spent a similar amount of time surfing the web."It didn't really make any difference what people did,"says Adrian Owen of the Medical Research Council Cognition,who tested brain-training software on volunteers recruited through a BBC television program.
Owen and his colleagues asked 11,000 volunteers to take tests to measure their reasoning ability and verbal and spatial(空間的)memory.Participants then spent six weeks playing on one of two computer programs,or just surfing the web for pleasure.In one program,which imitates commercial brain-training software,the volunteers solved simple mathematics problems and puzzles that tested their memories.The other was designed specifically to boost cognitive abilities such as reasoning and planning.
After six weeks,the participants underwent a second round of cognitive tests.Both groups who played the games made modest improvements,yet so did the web surfers.Skills learned via the programs didn't transfer to the cognitive tests,even when they relied on similar abilities,says Owen.For instance,people who played a game in which they had to find a match for a briefly overturned card struggled at a similar test that used stars"hidden"in boxes,"Even when the tests were conceptually quite similar we didn't see any improvement,"says Owen.He concludes that brain-training software only makes people better at the specific tasks they have been practicing.
Yet Klingberg,who founded a cognitive-training firm called Cogmed,is indignant at the conclusion that all brain training is bunk.The participants in Owen's study didn't practice for long enough and there was no quality control over what practice people did,he says."Asking subjects to sit at home and do tests online,perhaps with the TV on or other distractions around,is likely to result in noisy data,"he says."This paper does in no way disprove that the brain is plastic or that cognitive functions can be improved by training."Owen counters that his team's research took place in settings similar to the ones people are likely to practice in."This is what people are doing.They're sitting at home on their computers doing brain training."
32.The purpose of Owen recruiting volunteers to do the first round of tests isA.
A.test their reasoning ability and verbal and spatial memory
B.support the BBC television program in his way
C.prove how much information participants can remember
D.detect differences among people in memorizing information
33.From the second round of cognitive tests,Owen concludes thatD.
A.a(chǎn)ll participants have made much recognizable improvement dramatically
B.participants have developed reasoning ability to solve complicated problems
C.participants can make greater improvement in solving very similar problems
D.participants performed better in certain tasks they have practiced for a long time
34.What's the meaning of"indignant"?C
A.Surprised.
B.Agreeable.
C.Mad.
D.Dishonest.
35.What is the passage mainly about?A
A.There is a debate about whether brain-training software is effective.
B.We should concentrate on brain-training software in our daily life.
C.Brain-training software is useless to most people.
D.It is important to improve reasoning ability and spatial memory.
分析 本文主要講述了有研究人員對(duì)大腦訓(xùn)練軟件進(jìn)行了測(cè)試,發(fā)現(xiàn)其實(shí)它沒(méi)有多大的效果和作用.而這一結(jié)論和先前有的研究人員的結(jié)論背道而馳,由此而引發(fā)的對(duì)于大腦訓(xùn)練軟件的有效性的爭(zhēng)論.
解答 32.A 細(xì)節(jié)題.根據(jù)文中內(nèi)容,Owen and his colleagues asked 11,000 volunteers to take tests to measure their reasoning ability and verbal and spatial(空間的)memory.由此可知,Owen和他的同事們測(cè)試了11000名志愿者,目的是為了測(cè)試他們的推理能力以及語(yǔ)言和空間記憶力,結(jié)合選項(xiàng),故選A
33.D 推理題.根據(jù)文中內(nèi)容,He concludes that brain-training software only makes people better at the specific tasks they have been practicing.他推論說(shuō),大腦訓(xùn)練軟件僅僅只能使得人們?cè)谒麄兙毩?xí)過(guò)的特定任務(wù)方面做的更好,結(jié)合選項(xiàng),D符合文意.
34.C 詞義猜測(cè)題.根據(jù)文中內(nèi)容,Yet Klingberg,who founded a cognitive-training firm called Cogmed,is indignant at the conclusion that all brain training is bunk.由此可知,Yet Klingberg建立了一個(gè)名叫Cogmed的認(rèn)知訓(xùn)練公司,在發(fā)現(xiàn)大腦訓(xùn)練是無(wú)用是空談這個(gè)結(jié)論后,變得非常的激憤.結(jié)合選項(xiàng),故選C
35.A 主旨題.根據(jù)文中內(nèi)容,主要講述了有研究人員對(duì)大腦訓(xùn)練軟件進(jìn)行了測(cè)試,發(fā)現(xiàn)其實(shí)它沒(méi)有多大的效果和作用.而這一結(jié)論和先前有的研究人員的結(jié)論背道而馳,由此而引發(fā)的對(duì)于大腦訓(xùn)練軟件的有效性的爭(zhēng)論.結(jié)合選項(xiàng),故選A
點(diǎn)評(píng) 本文是一個(gè)科教類(lèi)閱讀,題目涉及多道細(xì)節(jié)理解題,做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案.推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案,切忌胡亂猜測(cè),一定要做到有理有據(jù).