Two plus two e________ four.

 

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Can Apes Really Learn To “Talk”

Who are Sarah, Washoe, Koko, and Sherman? They are chimpanzees or gorillas who some scientists claim have learned how to “talk” to humans. In the past several years people have been astonished by reports that they communicate with humans. For example, Koko, a female gorilla, is said to understand and use hundreds of words. Koko, says her trainer, Francine Patterson, can carry on conversations in sign language about her feelings and plans.

Researcher Talks Back

Recently a Columbia University scientist caused an argument by challenging the conclusion that apes can in fact use language. The scientist, Dr. Herbert Terrace, thinks that the animals do not use language the way humans do. Dr. Terrace has caused such strong feelings among scientists studying ape language. Here let’s listen to an imaginary conversation between Washoe, the first chimp to learn sign language, and Koko, the gorilla.

Apes Are Talking

Koko: Did you hear what Dr. Terrace said about us? He claims we cannot create our own sentences. Instead, he says, we react to clues accidentally given by our trainer. He says we are like the famous horse Clever Hans. Hans was supposed to be able to solve arithmetic problems and then stamp out the answers with his hoof(蹄子).

If the horse was asked what two plus two was, he would stamp four times. Although the trainer did not realized it, says Dr. Terrace, the horse was picking up clues from the trainer as to when to stop stamping.

Washoe: I disagree with Dr. Terrace. My trainer, Dr. R. Allen Gardner and his wife, Beatrice, have seen me talking in sign language to other chimps.

Koko: I heard that Dr. Terrace became unimpressed with ape language after studying a chimp named Nim. Dr. Terrace found that Nim usually made signs only after being prompted (提示) by his trainer. Yet when children learn a language, they start using many words on their own. Nim usually did not do this. Even when Nim did use additional signs, he did not add any new information. The signs (words) were repeated over and over again.

Washoe: My trainer says that Nim wasn’t given much of a chance to act on his own. He had so many different trainers, he became confused. That is not the best way to get chimps to communicate.

Koko: I’ll never understand humans. But the big question is: Can we really use language?

Koko and Washoe (together): We’ll never tell.

How do scientists who study ape language respond to Dr.  Herbert  Terrace’ idea according to the 2nd part?

A. Enthusiastic.             B. Confused.                C. Angry.                      D. Sympathetic.  

Which of the following is a match according to the passage?

A. Dr. Herbert Terrace and Koko.                  B. Dr. R. Allen Garners and Washoe.

C. Clever Hans and Sherman.                           D. Francine Patterson and Nim.

Dr. Herbert Terrace suspects that _________.

A. Nim added new information while using additional signs

B. Clever Hans picked up clues accidentally given by its trainer

C. Washoe didn’t pick up any clues from its trainer when talking

D. when a child learns a language, he starts using many words on his own

Which of the following is a fact according to the passage?

A. Nim had more than one trainer.                   

B. Apes can’t create their own language.

C. The apes are supposed to form sentences.      

D. Clever Hans is supposed to solve math problems.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2012屆寧夏銀川一中高三第四次月考英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解

That year , in the local school, there was a new math teacher, as well as some new pupils. One of the new kids was the stupidest child anyone had ever seen. It made no difference how quickly or how slowly they tried explaining numbers to him; he would always end up saying something enormously stupid. Like two plus two was five, seven times three was twenty-seven, or a triangle had thirty corners……
Before this boy arrived, math lessons had been the most boring of all. Now they were great fun. Encouraged by the new teacher, the children would listen to the pieces of nonsense spouted by the new kid, and they would have to correct his mistakes.
Whenever the new teacher asked questions, the stupid kid would stand up but made the wrong answers, the other students all wanted to be the first to find his mistakes, and then think up the most original ways to explain them. To do this they used all kinds of stuff : sweets, playing cards, oranges, paper planes, etc. It didn’t seem like any of this bothered the new kid.
However, Little Lewis was sure that it was bound to make him feel sad inside. Lewis was sure he would see him crying. So, one day, he decided to follow the new kid home after school. On leaving school, the new kid walked a few minutes to a local park, and there he waited for a while, until someone came along to meet him……
It was the new teacher!
The teacher gave the new kid a hug, and off they went, hand in hand. Following from a distance, Lewis could hear they were talking about math.
【小題1】根據(jù)短文第二三段描述，可知這位新老師的工作很有創(chuàng)造性，故選A。
【小題2】根據(jù)短文最后一段Following from a distance, Lewis could hear they were talking about math.描述，可知選B，這個(gè)所謂的最蠢的學(xué)生其實(shí)比其它學(xué)生知道的多。
【小題3】根據(jù)Lewis was sure he would see him crying. So, one day, he decided to follow the new kid home after school.描述，可知選B。
【小題4】聯(lián)系上文To do this they used all kinds of stuff :可知選C。
【小題5】The math lessons became interesting again because of the new teacher’s ___________.

A．creativityB．imaginationC．responsibilityD．curiosity
【小題6】The passage implies that the stupidest child____________________________.
A．was in great need of math teacher’s help after class
B．knew much more about math than other classmates
C．had no much gift for math and was slow to learn it
D．disliked both the new math teacher and his lessons
【小題7】According to the passage, Lewis followed the stupidest in order to ______________.
A．learn about where he livedB．find out if he felt upset
C．say something to comfort himD．make friends with him
【小題8】 What does the underlined word “this” in the third paragraph refer to ?
A．To find the stupidest kid’s mistakes.
B．To think up the most original ways to explain.
C．To use all kinds of stuff.
D．To follow him home after school.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2015屆浙江江山實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高二10月第一次階段性測試英語卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

That year, in the local school, there was a new math teacher, as well as some new pupils. One of the new kids was the stupidest child that anyone had ever seen. It made no difference how quickly or how slowly they tried explaining numbers to him; he would always end up saying something enormously stupid. Like two plus two was five, seven times three was twenty-seven, or a triangle had thirty corners...

Before this boy arrived, math lessons had been the most boring of all. Now they were great fun. Encouraged by the new teacher, the children would listen to the pieces of nonsense spouted by the new kid, and they would have to correct his mistakes.

Whenever the new teacher asked questions, the stupid kid would stand up but made the wrong answers, the other students all wanted to be the first to find his mistakes, and then think up the most original ways to explain them. To do this they used all kinds of stuff: sweets, playing cards, oranges, paper planes, etc. It didn't seem like any of this bothered the new kid.

However，little Lewis was sure that it was bound to make him feel sad inside. Lewis was sure he would see him crying. So，one day, he decided to follow the new kid home after school. On leaving school, the new kid walked a few minutes to a local park, and there he waited for a while, until someone came along to meet him...

It was the new teacher!

The teacher gave the new kid a hug, and off they went, hand in hand. Following from a distance, Lewis could hear they were talking about math.

1.The math lessons became interesting because of the new teacher's ______.

A．creativity  B．imagination  C．responsibility  D．curiosity

2.The passage implies that the stupidest child ______.

A．was in great need of the math teacher's help after class

B．was by no means slow in math

C．had no gift for math and was slow to learn it

D．disliked both the new math teacher and his lessons

3.According to the passage, Lewis followed the stupid kid in order to ______.

A．learn about where he lived       B．find out if he felt upset

C．say something to comfort him    D．make friends with him

4.What does the underlined word “this” in the third paragraph refer to?

A．To find the new kid's mistakes.

B．To think up the most original ways to explain.

C．To use all kinds of stuff.       

D．To follow him home after school.

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：2011-2012學(xué)年寧夏高三第四次月考英語試題 題型：閱讀理解

That year , in the local school, there was a new math teacher, as well as some new pupils. One of the new kids was the stupidest child anyone had ever seen. It made no difference how quickly or how slowly they tried explaining numbers to him; he would always end up saying something enormously stupid. Like two plus two was five, seven times three was twenty-seven, or a triangle had thirty corners……

Before this boy arrived, math lessons had been the most boring of all. Now they were great fun. Encouraged by the new teacher, the children would listen to the pieces of nonsense spouted by the new kid, and they would have to correct his mistakes.

Whenever the new teacher asked questions, the stupid kid would stand up but made the wrong answers, the other students all wanted to be the first to find his mistakes, and then think up the most original ways to explain them. To do this they used all kinds of stuff : sweets, playing cards, oranges, paper planes, etc. It didn’t seem like any of this bothered the new kid.

However, Little Lewis was sure that it was bound to make him feel sad inside. Lewis was sure he would see him crying. So, one day, he decided to follow the new kid home after school. On leaving school, the new kid walked a few minutes to a local park, and there he waited for a while, until someone came along to meet him……

It was the new teacher!

The teacher gave the new kid a hug, and off they went, hand in hand. Following from a distance, Lewis could hear they were talking about math.

1.The math lessons became interesting again because of the new teacher’s ___________.

A. creativity    B. imagination    C. responsibility     D. curiosity

2.The passage implies that the stupidest child____________________________.

A. was in great need of math teacher’s help after class

B. knew much more about math than other classmates

C. had no much gift for math and was slow to learn it

D. disliked both the new math teacher and his lessons

3.According to the passage, Lewis followed the stupidest in order to ______________.

A. learn about where he lived           B. find out if he felt upset

C. say something to comfort him         D. make friends with him

4. What does the underlined word “this” in the third paragraph refer to ?

   A. To find the stupidest kid’s mistakes.

   B. To think up the most original ways to explain.

   C. To use all kinds of stuff.

   D. To follow him home after school.

 

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Our brains work in complex and strange ways．There are some people who can calculate the day of the week for any given date in 40,000 years, but who cannot add two plus two．Others can perform complex classical piano pieces after hearing them once, but they cannot read or write．

       Dr．J．Langdon Down first described this condition in 1887．He called these people idiot savants．An idiot savant is a person who has significant mental impairment(損傷), such as in autism or retardation．At the same time, the person also exhibits some extraordinary skills, which are unusual for most people．The skills of the savant may vary from being exceptionally gifted in music or in mathematics, or having a photographic memory.

       One of the first descriptions of a human who could calculate quickly was written in 1789 by Dr．Benjamin Rush, an American doctor．His patient, Thomas Fuller, was brought to Virginia as a slave in 1724．It took Thomas only 90 seconds to work out that a man who has lived 70 years, 17 days, and 12 hours has lived 2,210,500,800 seconds．Despite this ability, he died in 1790 without ever learning to read or write.

       Another idiot savant slave became famous as a pianist in the 1860s．Blind Tom had a vocabulary of only 100 words, but he played 5 ,000 musical pieces beautifully．In the excellent movie Rain Man, made in 1988 and available on video cassette, Dustin Hoffman plays an idiot savant who amazes his brother played by Tom Cruise, with his ability to perform complex calculations very rapidly.

       Today we more clearly recognize that the idiot savant is special because of brain impairment．Yet not all brain impairment leads to savant skills．Some studies have shown that people who have purposeful interruption of the left side of the brain can develop idiot savant skills．However few people wish to participate in such experiments．There are many excellent reasons for not undergoing unnecessary experimentation on one's brain．The term idiot savant is outdated and inappropriate．Virtually all savants have a high degree of intelligence and are thus not idiots．

73．What does the passage mainly talk about?

       A．Idiot savants have areas of outstanding abilities.

       B．Human Beings have complicated thinking process.

       C．The brains of the idiot savants are partly impaired.

       D．The reasons why people have wonderful skills vary.

74．What can you infer from the passage?

       A．Idiot savants can play many piano pieces but can’t sing.

       B．Dr．Down is the first person who found idiot savants.

       C．Few people wish to risk becoming savants by brain operations.

       D．Intentional left brain impairments will surely lead to idiot savants.

75．Which of the following can be done by Rain Man?

      A．He can play wonderful pieces of classical music．

      B．He can guess out exactly the length of a man’s life．

      C．He can memorize the contents of the pictures fast．

      D．He can figure out the costs of a deal quickly．

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