Question

【題目】 This season, the bushfires in Australia have burned more than 12.35 million acres of land. At least 25 people have been killed and 2000 homes destroyed. According to the BBC, this is the most casualties(傷亡) from wildfires in the country since 2009. The University of Sydney estimates that 480 million animals have died in South Wales alone.

Zeke Hausfather, an energy systems analyst and climate researcher at Berkeley Earth, said warmer temperatures and extreme weather have made Australia more susceptible to fires and increased the length of the fire season. “The drier conditions combined with record high temperatures in 2019 created main conditions for the disastrous fires. Australia’s fires were worsened by the combination of those two. 2019 was the perfect storm for being the warmest year on record for Australia and the driest year on record for Australia,” Hausfather added on Friday.

Kevin Trenberth, a senior scientist at the US National Center for Atmospheric Research, said warmer ocean temperatures are also contributed to more variable weather around the world. Trenberth believes that global warming contributed to energy imbalances and hot spots in the oceans, which can create a wave in the atmosphere that locks weather patterns in places, causing longer rain events in Indonesia, for example, and at the same time contributing to drought in Australia. He said that once an area experiences drought conditions for two months or more, it increases the risk of fires catching and spreading. Those changing weather patterns due to global warming make drought events longer.

Climate experts stress that climate change is not the only factor in the severity of wildfires. How land is managed can also impact the amount of fuel available for fires. Practices like controlled burns and other factors can impact the risk to people and property, such as warning systems and the type of development in a given area. Changing those policies has great potential to limit future damage from wildfires along with changes to how fire management resources are dispatched(派遣).

【1】What do the numbers in paragraph 1 show?

A.The causes of Australian fires.

B.The results of Australian fires.

C.The damaged areas of Australian fires.

D.The property destruction of Australian fires.

【2】Which of the following best explains “more susceptible to” underlined in the second paragraph?

A.Quick to adapt to.B.Sure to cause.

C.Sensitive to.D.Easy to be protected from.

【3】What can we infer from Trenberth's research?

A.Global warming is the root cause of the bushfires.

B.Longer dry weather contributes to global warming.

C.Warmer ocean temperatures promote fires spreading.

D.The imbalanced energy leads to the temperature rising.

【4】What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?

A.To stress the effects of Australia fires.

B.To show the methods for controlling burns.

C.To predict the seriousness of Australia fires.

D.To provide some advice about reducing damage.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【3】A

【4】D

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文。介紹了澳大利亞森林大火產(chǎn)生的條件和蔓延的原因。

【1】推理判斷題。由第一段This season, the bushfires in Australia have burned more than 12.35 million acres of land. At least 25 people have been killed and 2000 homes destroyed.這個季節(jié)，澳大利亞的叢林大火已經(jīng)燒毀了超過1235萬英畝的土地。至少25人死亡，2000所房屋被毀�？芍�，本段的數(shù)字表明森林大火產(chǎn)生的嚴重后果。故選B項。

【2】詞句猜測題。由第二段Zeke Hausfather, an energy systems analyst and climate researcher at Berkeley Earth, said warmer temperatures and extreme weather have made Australia more susceptible to fires and increased the length of the fire season.(加州大學伯克利分校地球分校的能源系統(tǒng)分析師和氣候研究員澤克·豪薩福爾說，氣溫升高和極端天氣使澳大利亞更容易發(fā)生火災，并延長了火災季節(jié)的長度。)可推測氣溫升高和極端天氣更容易發(fā)生火災，more susceptible to 意為“更容易受到”，與C項Sensitive to “對......敏感”意思相近。故選C項。

【3】推理判斷題。由第三段的He said that once an area experiences drought conditions for two months or more, it increases the risk of fires catching and spreading. Those changing weather patterns due to global warming make drought events longer.(他說，一旦一個地區(qū)經(jīng)歷了兩個月或更長時間的干旱，它就會增加火災蔓延和蔓延的風險。那些由于全球變暖而改變的天氣使得干旱持續(xù)的時間更長。)可推斷，全球氣候變暖是森林火災的根本原因。故選A項。

【4】推理判斷題。由第四段Practices like controlled burns and other factors can impact the risk to people and property, such as warning systems and the type of development in a given area.(控制燒傷等做法和其他因素可影響對人員和財產(chǎn)的風險，如預警系統(tǒng)和特定地區(qū)的開發(fā)類型。)可知，作者在最后一段介紹控制火災造成的傷害的方法。故選D想。