【題目】閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热荩?/span>1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。
In the ongoing fight against COVID-19, gritting one’s teeth and carrying on has characterized much about life in Wuhan these past months. “Wuhan people experienced it first-hand.” said Hui Yan, a Wuhan native 【1】 recovered from the coronavirus. “Our friends got sick. Our friends and relatives died. Right before our eyes, one 【2】 one, they left us. They have a deeper understanding of this disaster in 【3】 (compare) with people in other cities.” In February, Ms. Yan 【4】 (spend) 15 days fighting the virus in Huoshenshan, one of the city's newly built coronavirus hospitals.
During the past two months, with the lockdown lifted, growing numbers of families 【5】 (be) out to take in the sunshine and fresh air in parks along the Yangtze River. Older residents have started gathering again in small groups 【6】 (chat) or play chess. Children are a rare sight and always appear to be under the careful watch of parents. More shops have reopened, often 【7】 (set) up street-front counters so that customers can buy vegetables, alcohol, and other goods without entering. Companies in Wuhan have been 【8】 (caution) about calling their 【9】 (employ) back to work, contributing to the revival of the city life. Yet there still remains 【10】 tough test for the city to balance pandemic (疫情) control and economic growth.
【答案】
【1】who/that
【2】by
【3】comparison
【4】spent
【5】have been/are
【6】to chat
【7】setting
【8】cautious
【9】employees
【10】a
【解析】
這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述過去幾個月里武漢人們在抗擊新型冠狀病毒時的咬牙堅持,以及在禁令解除后,人們生活的逐漸恢復。
【1】考查定語從句關系代詞。分析句子結構可知,“___1___ recovered from the coronavirus.”是限定性定語從句,修飾名詞“native”,先行詞native表示的是人,在定語從句中作主語,需用關系代詞who/that。故填who/that。
【2】考查介詞。句意:他們離開了我們,就在我們眼前,一個接一個。分析句子可知,空格處缺失介詞,由句意“一個接一個”可知,one by one表示一個接一個,需填介詞by。故填by。
【3】考查名詞。分析句子可知,介詞in后需接名詞,compare是動詞,需轉變?yōu)槊~comparison, in comparison with 固定搭配,表示“和……比較起來”。故填comparison。
【4】考查動詞時態(tài)。由“In February”可知,動詞spend發(fā)生在過去時間,需使用一般過去時spent。故填spent。
【5】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意:在過去的兩個月里,隨著禁令的解除,外出在長江沿岸的公園吸收陽光和新鮮空氣的家庭數(shù)量在增長。由句意可知,“外出在長江沿岸的公園吸收陽光和新鮮空氣的家庭數(shù)量在增長”表示的是一種目前狀況的介紹,謂語動詞be可以用一般現(xiàn)在時表示,主語“growing numbers of families”家人增長數(shù)表示的是復數(shù),謂語動詞需體現(xiàn)復數(shù),故為are。此外,“During the past two months”表示的是過去一段時間一直到現(xiàn)在都是這樣的狀況,謂語動詞be也可以用現(xiàn)在完成時表示,故為have been。故填have been或are。
【6】考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知,動詞chat在句中作狀語,是對謂語部分“have started gathering”已經(jīng)開始聚集的目的的說明,需用動詞不定式 to chat。故填to chat。
【7】考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知,動詞set在句中作狀語,和主語“More shops”直接按是主動關系,需使用現(xiàn)在分詞setting。故填setting。
【8】考查形容詞。分析句子可知,be動詞后要接形容詞,caution是名詞,需轉變?yōu)樾稳菰~cautious,be cautious about是固定搭配,表示“謹慎對待”。故填cautious。
【9】考查名詞。句意:在武漢的公司在叫回他們的員工們方面是謹慎對待的,這對這個城市生活的復蘇做出了貢獻。分析句子可知,形容詞性物主代詞their后面要接名詞,employ是動詞,需轉變?yōu)槊~,根據(jù)句意表達的是員工們,故為employees。故填employees。
【10】考查冠詞。句意:但是對于這個城市來說,去平衡疫情防控和經(jīng)濟增長仍然是一個嚴峻的考驗。分析句子可知,此處泛指“一個嚴峻的考驗”,應使用不定冠詞,tough是以輔音音素開頭的詞,需用不定冠詞a。故填a。
非謂語動詞題型的考核,學生首先要先判斷動詞在句中充當?shù)某煞郑缓笈袛鄤釉~和相關的名詞之間是否是主動,被動,完成,未完成或目的等關系。如本小題6,動詞chat在句中作狀語,是對謂語部分“have started gathering”已經(jīng)開始聚集的目的說明,需用動詞不定式 to chat,故填to chat。
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