Question

【題目】 Humans have been battling viruses since before we had even evolved into our modern form, but we’re a long way from winning the fight against them. Here are a few of the worst killers.

Marburg virus

Scientists identified Marburg virus in 1967, when small outbreaks occurred among lab workers in Germany who were exposed to infected monkeys. The infected people develop high fevers and bleeding throughout the body. Marburg can be passed on from human to human via direct contact. The death rate is 80%in the 1998-2000 outbreak in Congo and in the 2005 outbreak in Angola.

Ebola virus

The first known Ebola outbreaks in humans struck Africa in Sudan and Congo in 1976. The natural host of Ebola is bats. The virus is spread through contact with infected people or animals. Symptoms include fever, bleeding and organ failure. The death rate is 50%to 70%.

Hantavirus

Hantavirus was first recognized as an infectious disease in the 1950s in Korea. But it first gained wide attention in the U. S. in 1993, when a healthy young man and his fiancee died within days of developing shortness of breath. Hantavirus was isolated from a deer mouse. More than 600 people in the U. S. are now infected and 36%have died. The virus doesn’t spread from human to human.

Mers-CoV virus

Mers-CoV virus had an outbreak in Asia, Saudi Arabia in 2012 and South Korea in 2015. The virus likely originated in bats. The disease infected camels before passing into humans and causes fever and shortness of breath. It has a death rate between 30%and 40%, making it the most deadly of the known coronavirus (冠狀病毒) family. Mers-CoV spreads from one person to another.

【1】Which virus caused the highest death rate in a particular area?

A.Marburg virus.B.Ebola virus.

C.Hantavirus.D.Mers-CoV virus.

【2】What can we know about Hantavirus?

A.It is a type of coronaviruses.B.It was identified in the 21st century.

C.It was first found in the United States.D.It only spreads from animals to humans.

【3】In what sense are Ebola virus and Mers-CoV virus similar?

A.They may have the same host.B.They originate in the same continent.

C.They belong to the same virus family.D.They have exactly the same symptoms.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】D

【3】A

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。在我們進化成現(xiàn)代形態(tài)之前，人類就已經(jīng)在與病毒戰(zhàn)斗了，但我們距離贏得與病毒的戰(zhàn)斗還有很長的路要走。文章主要介紹了四種最可怕的病毒種類。

【1】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中The death rate is 80%in the 1998-2000 outbreak in Congo and in the 2005 outbreak in Angola.可知1998年到2000年剛果暴發(fā)和2005年安哥拉暴發(fā)的馬爾堡病毒的死亡率為80%。由此可知，Marburg病毒在某一特定地區(qū)造成的死亡率最高。故選A。

【2】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中. But it first gained wide attention in the U. S. in 1993, when a healthy young man and his fiancee died within days of developing shortness of breath. Hantavirus was isolated from a deer mouse.The virus doesn’t spread from human to human.可知，但它在1993年首次在美國引起廣泛關(guān)注，當時一位健康的年輕男子和他的未婚妻因呼吸短促而在幾天內(nèi)去世。從一只鹿鼠中分離出漢坦病毒。病毒不會在人與人之間傳播。由此可知，漢坦病毒只從動物傳染給人類。故選D。

【3】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中The natural host of Ebola is bats.可知埃博拉病毒的天然宿主是蝙蝠。以及最后一段中The virus likely originated in bats.可知該病毒可能起源于蝙蝠。由此可知，埃博拉病毒和中東呼吸綜合癥病毒的相似之處在于他們可能有同一個宿主。故選A。