18.As the proverb goes,man struggles upwards; water flows downwards.Water runs downhill from mountaintops to streams,to rivers and to oceans.But downhill isn't the only way that water moves.A new study measures how water travels from country to country for human consumption.This flow isn't the type we usually think about.These scientists looked at the water used to grow and make the products which get shipped from nation to nation as imports or exports.They call this a flow of"virtual water".
We typically think about water as the liquid that flows from a tap.However,92%of the water used by people goes into growing crops,according to a water researcher Arjen Hoekstra.He recently studied the hidden travels of virtual water used in products made from things like crops and meats.These products are shipped around the world.
For example,consider a sugary soft drink.Hoekstra estimated that to produce one half-liter of the drink requires between 170and 310liters of water-about 95% is used to grow and process the ingredients(原料).Another 4% goes into the packaging and labeling.In Hoekstra's calculation,when one country produces a half-liter of soda and sells it abroad,it exports as much virtual water as would fill a large refrigerator.
According to Hoekstra's new report,dry countries like Israel and Kuwait,both in the Middle East,get the majority of their virtual water from other countries,through imported products.More surprisingly,some wetter countries,like the Netherlands and the United Kingdom,also get the majority of their virtual water from other places.That means that most of the water used to grow or produce the products and food consumed in those countries came from other countries.

25.The proverb in Paragraph One is used toC.
A.inspire readers to struggle upward        
B.tell a law of nature
C.introduce the topic of the passage         
D.summarize the main idea of the passage
26.In which countries does most part of virtual water come from outside?C.
A.The United Kingdom and China         
B.America and Israel
C.The Netherlands and Kuwait            
D.The Netherlands and America
27.What can be a suitable title for the passage?D
A.Benefits of Virtual Water             
B.Hidden Uses of Water
C.Crops and Virtual Water             
D.Water's Worldwide Travels
28.Where does the passage probably come from?A
A.A science news report.
B.A newspaper advertisement.
C.A book review.
D.A science fiction story.

分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀,作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了正如諺語人往高處走,水往低處流所說,虛擬水從山上到流經(jīng)河流到人類的消費所經(jīng)歷的旅程,是如此的漫長,許多缺水國家的虛擬水甚至基本都來自于其他國家,它真正做到了環(huán)球旅行.

解答 25.C.推理判斷題.文章主要在講正如"人往高處走,水往低處流",而現(xiàn)實生活中缺水國家的水基本都來自于其他國家,因此可推測As the proverb goes是正如諺語所說的意思,因此proverb介紹了這篇文章的主題;故選C.
26.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章最后一段"dry countries like Israel and Kuwait,both in the Middle East,get the majority of their virtual water from other countries"和"like the Netherlands and the United Kingdom,also get the majority of their virtual water from other places"可知色列,科威特,中東國家,荷蘭,英國等國大部分虛擬水都來自其它地區(qū);故選C.
27.D.主旨大意題.通讀全文,可知文章主要在講虛擬水從山上到流經(jīng)河流到人類的消費所經(jīng)歷的旅程,有時它們甚至經(jīng)歷了許多國家,因此可知最合適的標(biāo)題是"水的環(huán)球旅行";故選D.
28.A.推理判斷題.根據(jù)文章,可知文章主要在講虛擬水從山上到流經(jīng)河流到人類的消費所經(jīng)歷的旅程,有時它們甚至經(jīng)歷了許多國家,文章運用了舉例的手法給出了許多具體的事實,比如缺水的國家等,因此這是一篇科技類說明文,它一般會發(fā)表在科技新聞報道上;故選A.

點評 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進(jìn)行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實,要根據(jù)文章事實進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.

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