Question

【題目】 There are now six fires burning at emergency levels in Australia.【1】The smoke is so intense and so thick it can be seen from space. 2,000 homes have been destroyed. Six million hectares of land charred, leading to death of the nation’s wildlife.

【2】They are lightning strikes, winds and people who set fire deliberately. But one of the biggest reasons they’ve become so extreme, is the same reason as East Africa’s flood. Bushfires in Australia are a natural part of the country’s ecosystem.【3】Even New South Wales, with the largest population, is used to breaking out. In 1974, fires burned 3.5 million hectares, and in 2003, another 2 million hectares were lost to fire. But the fires that started in 2019 are even worse:4.9 million hectares in New South Wales have burned already—and it’s only going to grow.

【4】For starters, as the world is getting warmer from climate change, so is Australia. 2019 was its hottest year on record, with parts of the country reaching 45 degrees Celsius in December. 2019 was also its driest—the places here in gray have seen historic droughts.【5】Throughout the year, other large-scale climate drivers affect Australia’s weather, and its likeliness to burn. One of the most influential is the Indian Ocean Dipole(偶極子), or the IOD. The IOD is a big temperature gradient that affects the surface water in the Indian Ocean, from the edge of Africa to the edge of Australia.

A.This is just heartbreaking.

B.So why is this fire season so awful?

C.Their “fire season” varies across regions.

D.The fire season is awful because of the unknown reason.

E.The ecosystem of the country needs to be improved.

F.These record-breaking bushfires in Australia have been started by the following.

G.Together, that provides the perfect conditions for bushfires to start and spread quickly.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】F

【3】C

【4】B

【5】G

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。目前澳大利亞有6處火災處于緊急狀態(tài)。2000座房屋被毀。600萬公頃土地被燒焦，導致該國野生動物死亡。文章分析了造成澳大利亞這些破紀錄的森林大火的原因，以及此次火災尤其嚴重的原因。

【1】

根據上文There are now six fires burning at emergency levels in Australia.可知目前澳大利亞有6處火災處于緊急狀態(tài)。以及后文The smoke is so intense and so thick it can be seen from space. 2,000 homes have been destroyed. Six million hectares of land charred, leading to death of the nation’s wildlife.可知煙霧如此強烈，如此濃厚，從太空都能看到。2000座房屋被毀。600萬公頃土地被燒焦，導致該國野生動物死亡。由此可知，本句應當是對這次火災的評價，這次澳大利亞火災破壞嚴重，令人心碎。故A選項“這真是令人心碎”符合上下文語境，故選A。

【2】

根據后文They are lightning strikes, winds and people who set fire deliberately. But one of the biggest reasons they’ve become so extreme, is the same reason as East Africa’s flood.可知它們是雷擊、風和故意放火的人。但它們變得如此極端的最大原因之一，是和東非的洪水一樣的原因。由此可知，本段在分析造成此次澳大利亞大火的原因。故F選項“澳大利亞這些破紀錄的森林大火是由以下原因引起的”符合上下文語境，故選F。

【3】

根據前文Bushfires in Australia are a natural part of the country’s ecosystem.可知澳大利亞的叢林火災是該國生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的一個自然組成部分。以及后文Even New South Wales, with the largest population, is used to breaking out.可知即使是人口最多的新南威爾士州，也習慣于突發(fā)火災。由此可知，本句是在說明澳大利亞的火災頻發(fā)季節(jié)是因地區(qū)而不同的。故C選項“它們的“火災季節(jié)”因地區(qū)而異”符合上下文語境，故選C。

【4】

根據后文For starters, as the world is getting warmer from climate change, so is Australia. 2019 was its hottest year on record, with parts of the country reaching 45 degrees Celsius in December. 2019 was also its driest—the places here in gray have seen historic droughts.可知首先，隨著氣候變化導致全球變暖，澳大利亞也在變暖。2019年是有記錄以來最熱的一年，該國部分地區(qū)在12月達到了45攝氏度。2019年也是澳大利亞最干燥的一年——這里灰色地帶經歷了歷史性的干旱。由此可知，后文是在分析此次澳大利亞火災這么嚴重的原因。故B選項“那么為什么這個火災季節(jié)如此可怕呢？”符合上下文語境，故選B。

【5】

結合上文For starters, as the world is getting warmer from climate change, so is Australia. 2019 was its hottest year on record, with parts of the country reaching 45 degrees Celsius in December. 2019 was also its driest—the places here in gray have seen historic droughts.可知首先，隨著氣候變化導致全球變暖，澳大利亞也在變暖。2019年是有記錄以來最熱的一年，該國部分地區(qū)在12月達到了45攝氏度。2019年也是澳大利亞最干燥的一年——這里灰色地帶經歷了歷史性的干旱。由此可知，本句承接上文進行總結，正是上述的這些條件促使了森林大火的爆發(fā)和迅速蔓延。故G選項“這些為森林大火的爆發(fā)和迅速蔓延提供了完美的條件”符合上下文語境，故選G。