Question

【題目】 The number of snow geese arriving in the Arctic each spring to breed has risen over the past few decades. At first, wildlife biologists saw this as an environmental crisis, pointing to marshes（沼澤地）where plants were eaten by the hungry birds, and the federal government responded by loosening restrictions on snow goose hunting across the country. But how do the Inuit（因紐特人），in whose backyard this is taking place, and for whom fresh goose eggs and meat are among the pleasure of an Arctic spring, view the situation? A recent study is bringing Inuit wildlife experts and scientists together to look for common ground on managing the species.

The snow goose study asked experts in Coral Harbour and Arviat, on the north and west coast of Hudson Bay, to share their generations of knowledge about snow geese and their views on what should be done. “ The community had concerns about controlling the population," says Ron Ningeongan, a community officer for the Kivalliq Inuit Association in Coral Harbour, "and Inuit snow goose knowledge had never been recorded. People wanted to pass on what they knew. "

The Inuit experts rejected the idea of a cull(選擇性宰殺），considering it wasteful of the geese and unnecessary for the environment in general, but felt that hunting more geese in an organized way—for instance, paying local hunters a minimum amount of money and distributing the birds to disadvantaged families or operating a limited commercial hunt that would employ local people—would be appropriate.

The Inuit say that while there may be too many snow geese in some areas, it's not a crisis. Biologists now generally agree that there seem to be plenty of undamaged marshes available and newer research shows that some damaged areas can recover.

Conservation planners for the three migratory bird reserves in the area will use the study's recommendations, which is an excellent example of how indigenous （土著的） knowledge can strengthen wildlife management Johnson says.

“Now that we have recorded and documented Inuit knowledge of snow geese," says Ningeongan. "when facing the crisis again, other people will be able to use the information to help manage the species, which is fundamental to dealing with it effectively. ”

【1】Why did the federal government looben restrictions on snow goose hunting?

A.To create more marshes.B.To protect ecosystem.

C.To make more profits.D.To wipe out the hungry birds.

【2】Which of the following might Inuit wildlife experts agree on?

A.Regarding too many snow geese as a crisis.

B.Never organizing large-scale commercial hunts.

C.Employing poor families to hunt more snow geese.

D.Using snow goose hunting to man's best advantage.

【3】What do biologists think about the marshes' future at present?

A.It's unpredictable.B.It’s hard to get better.

C.It's too discouraging.D.lt's a bit promising.

【4】What does the underlined word “it" in the last paragraph refer to?

A.The crisis.B.The species.

C.Inuit knowledge.D.Inuit research.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】D

【3】D

【4】A

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章介紹獵獲雪雁所給生態(tài)系統(tǒng)帶來的危機(jī)以及因紐特人是如何加強(qiáng)野生動物管理的。

【1】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“wildlife biologists saw this as an environmental crisis, pointing to marshes where plants were eaten by the hungry birds, and the federal government responded by loosening restrictions on snow goose hunting”“” 野生動物生物學(xué)家認(rèn)為這是一場環(huán)境危機(jī)，他們指出沼澤地里的植物被饑餓的鳥類吃掉了，聯(lián)邦政府對此的反應(yīng)是放松對獵雪鵝的限制可知，聯(lián)邦政府要限制獵雪雁是為了保護(hù)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選B項。

【2】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“hunting more geese in an organized way—for instance, paying local hunters a minimum amount of money and distributing the birds to disadvantaged families or operating a limited commercial hunt that would employ local people—would be appropriate”“ 以一種有組織的方式來獵殺更多的雪雁——例如，付給當(dāng)?shù)孬C人最少的錢，并將這些雪雁分配給貧困家庭，或者通過雇傭當(dāng)?shù)鼐用駚磉M(jìn)行有限的商業(yè)捕獵——都是合適的”可知，因紐特野生動物專家會同意“利用雪雁狩獵為人類帶來最大的好處。”故選D項。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Biologists now generally agree that there seem to be plenty of undamaged marshes available and newer research shows that some damaged areas can recover”“ 生物學(xué)家現(xiàn)在普遍認(rèn)為，似乎有大量未受損害的沼澤可以利用，最新的研究表明，一些受損地區(qū)可以恢復(fù)”。可知，目前生物學(xué)家認(rèn)為沼澤的未來有點(diǎn)希望。故選D項。

【4】代詞指示題。根據(jù)文章首段中的“as an environmental crisis”，“作為一場環(huán)境危機(jī)”畫線詞it所在句子中提到的“when facing the crisis”，“當(dāng)面臨危機(jī)時”。再結(jié)合該詞前的dealing with，“處理”。可知，it指代的是“危機(jī)”。故選A項。

代詞指代題要求同學(xué)們根據(jù)語境的邏輯關(guān)系、判斷畫線的人稱代詞或指示代詞在文章中指代的對象，包括考查it（指動物，無生命的事物、特定的事件或人），they/them(指代人、物、事件的復(fù)數(shù)名詞)，he/she等人稱代詞的指代意義，以及指示代詞this，that，these，those等在文章中的指代意義，考查同學(xué)們對文章中敘述特定的人，物，事件的認(rèn)知能力。解答這類題時，同學(xué)們要認(rèn)真閱讀畫線詞所在句和前后臨近句的內(nèi)容，分析人稱轉(zhuǎn)換和動作變換的詳細(xì)過程，理清來龍去脈和前后的因果關(guān)系，從而準(zhǔn)確推斷其指代的對象。本題第4小題，根據(jù)文章首段中的“as an environmental crisis”，畫線詞it所在句子中提到的“when facing the crisis”，再結(jié)合該詞前的dealing with，可知，it指代的是“危機(jī)”。故選A項。