Question

【題目】In a society such as the United states or Canada, which has many national, religious, and cultural differences, people highly value individualism—the differences among people. Teachers place a lot of importance on the qualities that make each student special. The educational systems in these countries show these values. Students do not memorize information. Instead, they work individually and find answers themselves. There is often discussion in the classroom. At an early age, students learn to form their own ideas and opinions.

In most Asian societies, by contrast, the people have the same language, history, and culture. Perhaps for this reason, the educational system in much of the Orient reflects society’s belief in group goals and purposed rather than individualism. Children in China, Japan, and Korea often work together and help one another on assignments. In the classroom, the teaching methods are often very formal. The teacher lectures, and the students listen. There is not much discussion. Instead, the students recite rules or information that they have memorized.

There are advantages and disadvantages to both of these systems of education. For example, one advantage to the system in Japan is that students there learn much more math and science than American students learn by the end of high school. They also study more hours each day and more days each year than North Americans do. The system is difficult, but it prepares students for a society that values discipline and self-control. There is, however, a disadvantage. Memorization is an important learning method in Japanese schools, yet many students say that after an exam, they forget much of the information that they have memorized.

The advantage of the educational system in North American, on the other hand, is that students learn to think for themselves. The system prepares them for a society that values creative ideas. There is , however, a disadvantage. When students graduate from high school, they haven’t memorized as many basic rules and facts as students in other countries have..

	Students in the US and 【1】	Students in China, Japan and Korean
What do they value?	【2】	【3】 goals and purposes
Ways of study	working individually	listen to the teachers
	forming their own ideas and opinions	memorizing and 【4】
	a lot of discussion in the classroom	not much discussion
【5】	Learning to think for themselves	learning much more math and 【6】 by the end of high 【7】
		studying more hours each day and more days each year
	good for a society that values 【8】 ideas.	good for a society valuing 【9】 and self-control
disadvantages	students haven’t memorized many basic rules and facts when before 【10】	Information is forgotten easily

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】Canada

【2】individualism

【3】group

【4】reciting

【5】advantages

【6】science

【7】school

【8】creative

【9】discipline

【10】graduation

【解析】本文討論的是東西方教育系統(tǒng)的不同之處。在西方人們強(qiáng)調(diào)高度尊重個(gè)人和人與人之間的差異。教師極其重視每個(gè)學(xué)生的不同特性，而在東方，由于相同的語(yǔ)言、歷史和文化，其教育系統(tǒng)強(qiáng)調(diào)集體主義和團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)合精神，上課時(shí)教師講，學(xué)生聽，討論并不多。文章最后談到了兩種教育系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。

考察學(xué)生的詞匯，語(yǔ)法運(yùn)用，以及對(duì)文章的整體理解能力。

【1】文章對(duì)比的是中西方教育系統(tǒng)的差異。根據(jù)第一句In a society such as the United states or Canada，對(duì)比第二段的In most Asian societies, by contrast …Children in China, Japan, and Korea often work together and help one another on assignments.可知這里用Canada。

【2】根據(jù)第一段people highly value individualism—the differences among people可知美國(guó)和加拿大的學(xué)生看中的是個(gè)人主義。故這里用individualism。

【3】根據(jù)第二段對(duì)大部分亞洲國(guó)家的描述Orient reflects society’s belief in group goals and purposed rather than individualism.東方人反映了社會(huì)對(duì)于集體目標(biāo)而非個(gè)人主義的信仰。故這里用group。

【4】 對(duì)比美國(guó)和加拿大等西方國(guó)家學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)方法forming their own ideas and opinions；根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句Instead, the students recite rules or information that they have memorized.與此相反，學(xué)生們背誦他們記住的規(guī)則或信息，可知這里用reciting對(duì)應(yīng)memorizing。故答案為reciting。

【5】根據(jù)表格后面中列舉出的內(nèi)容學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立思考，對(duì)于重視個(gè)人主義的社會(huì)有好處；高中畢業(yè)時(shí)學(xué)會(huì)更多的數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)知識(shí)……這些是兩種教育體系的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，對(duì)應(yīng)下面的用詞disadvantages，故這里用advantages。

【6】根據(jù)第三段的句子For example, one advantage to the system in Japan is that students there learn much more math and science than American students learn by the end of high school.例如，日本學(xué)習(xí)體系的一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)是學(xué)生到高中畢業(yè)時(shí)，比美國(guó)的學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)更多的數(shù)學(xué)課科學(xué)知識(shí)。故這里對(duì)應(yīng)句子中的learn much more math and science，可知第6空用science。

【7】對(duì)應(yīng)第三段的句子For example, one advantage to the system in Japan is that students there learn much more math and science than American students learn by the end of high school.對(duì)應(yīng)句子中的by the end of high school.可知這里用school。

【8】此處陳述的是西方教育體系的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，對(duì)應(yīng)文中的句子The system prepares them for a society that values creative ideas.這種教育體系讓他們?yōu)橹匾晞?chuàng)造性想法的社會(huì)做準(zhǔn)備。故這里用creative。

【9】對(duì)應(yīng)文章介紹東方教育體系的優(yōu)點(diǎn)The system is difficult, but it prepares students for a society that values discipline and self-control.可知這里答案為discipline。

【10】此處說(shuō)的是西方教育體系的缺點(diǎn)，對(duì)應(yīng)文中的句子When students graduate from high school, they haven’t memorized as many basic rules and facts as students in other countries have.當(dāng)學(xué)生高中畢業(yè)之后，他們不能像其他國(guó)家的學(xué)生那樣記住足夠多的事實(shí)和規(guī)則。故關(guān)鍵詞graduate from high school，故這里用graduation。