【題目】閱讀下面材料, 在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(一個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earth’s temperature is 【1】 to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to 【2】 (production) energy. Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of 【3】 is carbon dioxide. Dr Janice Foster explains: “There is a natural phenomenon that scientists call the ‘greenhouse 【4】 ’ (effective). This is 【5】 small amounts of gases in the atmosphere, like carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour trap heat from the sun and 【6】 warm the earth. 【7】 the ‘greenhouse effect’, the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius 【8】 (cool) than it is. So, we need those gases. The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. It means that more heat energy tends 【9】 (trap) in the atmosphere 【10】 (cause) the global temperature to to up.”
【答案】
【1】due/owing
【2】produce
【3】which
【4】effect
【5】when
【6】therefore
【7】Without
【8】cooler
【9】to be trapped
【10】causing
【解析】
試題分析:本文講的是地球的變暖會給人類帶來什么影響。
【1】due/owing 固定搭配:due to/owing to由于……,故填due/owing。
【2】produce 句意:地球溫度的增長將產(chǎn)生能量。 be+to do sth.表示“將要做某事”,故此處填動詞,與前面的to構(gòu)成動詞不動式。
【3】which “greenhouse” gases作先行詞,指物,后面是非限制性定語從句,從句缺少引導(dǎo)詞,介詞后面指物用which,故填which。
【4】effect 句意:科學(xué)家稱這種現(xiàn)象叫“溫室效應(yīng)”。根據(jù)句意可知此處用名詞,故填effect。
【5】when 句意:這種現(xiàn)象發(fā)生在大氣層中,這時候少量的氣體(二氧化碳、甲烷、水蒸氣等)吸收太陽的熱量,因而使地球變暖的時候。此處是一個表語從句,從句缺少引導(dǎo)詞,根據(jù)句意可知用when。
【6】therefore 根據(jù)句意:因而使地球變暖的時候。故填therefore(因此)。
【7】Without 句意:如果沒有這種溫室效應(yīng),地球的溫度將比現(xiàn)在還要低。故填介詞Without。
【8】cooler 句意:如果沒有這種溫室效應(yīng),地球的溫度將比現(xiàn)在還要低。此處用形容詞的比較級,故填cooler。
【9】to be trapped 句意:這意味著更多的熱量被困在大氣層中,從而引起全球溫度上升。tend to“傾向”,根據(jù)句意可知用動詞不定式一般式的被動式,所以填to be trapped。
【10】causing 句意:這意味著更多的熱量被困在大氣層中,從而引起全球溫度上升。根據(jù)句意可知是現(xiàn)在分詞作自然的結(jié)果狀語,故填causing。
【名師點撥】
介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句
當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓語時,我們通常用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句。如果指“人”,用“介詞+whom”;如果指“物”,用“介詞+which”。例如:Do you know the lady with whom our manager is talking in the office?Where is the supermarket in which you bought the laptop last week?
使用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”中,介詞的依據(jù):
(1) 根據(jù)定語從句中謂語動詞的搭配習(xí)慣(即固定短語)。例如:
Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.
(2) 根據(jù)先行詞的搭配習(xí)慣(約定俗成,不一定是短語)。例如:
The old woman with whom you talked just now is a famous artist.
(3) 根據(jù)句子的意思來選擇。例如:
The naughty boy made a hole in the wall through which he could see what is happening outside.
(4) 表示“所有”關(guān)系或“整體中的一部分”時,通常用介詞of。例如:
I have about 20 books, half of which were written by Bing Xin, the famous writer.
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