【題目】
The meaning of silence varies among cultural group. Silence may be 【1】, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every 【2】 with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs. Many native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of 【3】 among people, just at some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore when a person from one of these culture is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be 【4】 is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these culture, silence is a call for 【5】.
Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with 【6】 among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show 【7】between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority(權(quán)威)rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.
Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the 【8】 meanings of silence wen they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own persona and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not 【9】 too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing 【10】 of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.
【答案】
【1】AB
【2】BD
【3】A
【4】C
【5】B
【6】ABC
【7】AD
【8】CD
【9】D
【10】AC
【解析】
本文是一篇說明文, 主要介紹了沉默在不同文化背景下的不同內(nèi)涵
【1】
考查形容詞。句意:沉默可能是在深思熟慮,或者是一個人沒話說時,可能就是一片空白。分析句子可知,空處填形容詞作表語。根據(jù)“or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say”可知,前后句為選擇關(guān)系,所以空處填thoughtful“深思熟慮的”。故填AB。
【2】
考查名詞。句意:沉默可能被一些文化團體視為非常不舒服;因此,所以可以嘗試著去填補對話中的每一個停頓空檔期。分析句子可知,空處填名詞作fill的賓語,根據(jù)“nce may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable”可知,沉默可能被一些文化團體視為非常不舒服;因此,所以可以嘗試著去填補對話中的每一個停頓空檔期,所以填名詞gap“間隙”。故填BD。
【3】
考查動名詞。句意:許多美國本地人重視沉默,并認為這是人們交流的基本部分,就像一些傳統(tǒng)的中國人和泰國人做的那樣。分析句子可知,空處填動名詞作of的賓語。沉默是交流的一部分,所以填communicating“交流”。 故填A。
【4】
考查語態(tài)。句意:因此,當來自這些文化之一的人在說話時突然停下來,這可能暗示著這個人想讓聽者在繼續(xù)說話之前考慮一下已經(jīng)說過的話。分析句子可知,what為主語從句的主語,與所填詞為被動關(guān)系,且置于情態(tài)動詞之后。根據(jù)“the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.”可知,空處填implied“暗示”。故填C。
【5】
考查名詞。句意:在這些文化中,沉默呼吁反思。分析句子可知,空處填名詞做for的賓語,根據(jù)上文“wants the listener to consider”可知,空處填名詞reflection“反思”。故填B。
【6】
考查名詞。句意:其他文化可能以其他方式使用沉默,特別是在處理人與人之間的沖突或處理權(quán)力不同人之間的關(guān)系時。分析句子可知,空處填名詞做with的賓語,根據(jù)句意,空處填名詞復(fù)數(shù)conflicts“沖突”。故填ABC。
【7】
考查名詞。句意:例如,俄語、法語和西班牙語的人可以使用沉默來表示雙方對所討論的主題的一致意見。分析句子可知,空處填名詞做show的賓語,根據(jù)句意,空處填填名詞agreement“同意,一致”。故填AD。
【8】
考查形容詞。句意:當護士和其他照顧者遇到可能正在經(jīng)歷焦慮的病人突然沉默時,需要注意這可能意味著什么。空處填形容詞作meanings的定語,根據(jù)句意,空處填形容詞possible“可能的”。故填CD。
【9】
考查語態(tài)。句意:護士應(yīng)認識到自己的人格特征和沉默的文化建構(gòu),這樣病人的沉默就不會被過早地打斷,也不會讓病人繼續(xù)保持不必要的沉默。分析句子可知,本句應(yīng)填謂語動詞,且主語a patient’s silence與所填詞為被動關(guān)系,要用被動語態(tài)。再根據(jù)“or allowed to go on unnecessarily”可知,空處填動詞interrupted“打斷”。 故填D。
【10】
考查名詞。句意:了解沉默的治療價值的護士可以利用這種理解來幫助照顧來自他們自己和其他文化的病人。分析句子可知,空處填名詞做understand的賓語,根據(jù)句意空處填名詞value“價值”。故填AC。
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